Advanced Android 4 Games

299 Pages·2012·6.322 MB·English

by  Vladimir Silva (auth.)

Advanced Android 4
Games

■ ■ ■
Vladimir Silva

i
Advanced Android 4 Games
Copyright © 2012 by Vladimir Silva
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ISBN-13 (pbk): 978-1-4302-4059-4
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To all Android developers out there. The future of the platform is in your hands.
Contents at a Glance
Contents .............................................................................................................. v
About the Author ............................................................................................... xxi
About the Technical Reviewers ....................................................................... xxii
Acknowledgment ............................................................................................. xiii
Introduction ..................................................................................................... xiii
■Chapter 1: Welcome to the World of the Little Green Robot ............................ 1
■Chapter 2: Gaming Tricks for Phones or Tablets ........................................... 19
■Chapter 3: More Gaming Tricks with OpenGL and JNI ................................... 59
■Chapter 4: Efficient Graphics with OpenGL ES 2.0 ....................................... 113
■Chapter 5: 3D Shooters for Doom ................................................................ 145
■Chapter 6: 3D Shooters for Quake ............................................................... 193
■Chapter 7: 3D Shooters for Quake II ............................................................. 233
■Appendix: Deployment and Compilation Tips .............................................. 261(cid:2)
Index ............................................................................................................... 271
iv
Contents
Contents at a Glance .......................................................................................... iv(cid:2)
About the Author. .............................................................................................. xxi(cid:2)
About the Technical Reviewers ....................................................................... xxii(cid:2)
Acknowledgment ............................................................................................ xxiii(cid:2)
Introduction .................................................................................................... xxiii(cid:2)

■Chapter 1: Welcome to the World of the Little Green Robot ............................ 1
Setting Up Your Machine ........................................................................................................................................ 1
Download and Install the SDK ................................................................................................................................. 2
Configure your Eclipse ............................................................................................................................................ 2
Installing the Native Development Kit ..................................................................................................................... 9
NDK Install ....................................................................................................................................................... 10
Install Cygwin .................................................................................................................................................. 10
Creating an Android Emulator ............................................................................................................................... 10
Creating an AVD ............................................................................................................................................... 11
Configuring a Real Device ..................................................................................................................................... 15
Summary .............................................................................................................................................................. 17
Gaming Tricks for Phones or Tablets ................................................................ 19
Compiling Native Code in Android ........................................................................................................................ 19
Creating the Android Project with Native Support ........................................................................................... 21
Application Architecture .................................................................................................................................. 23
Compiling the Shared Library ............................................................................................................................... 34
Testing the App on a Device ................................................................................................................................. 35
Java Wrappers for C/C++ Event Handling ............................................................................................................ 38
Handling Audio Independently ......................................................................................................................... 38
Cascading Video Events ................................................................................................................................... 43
Multitouch Tricks .................................................................................................................................................. 48
MultiTouchGesture ........................................................................................................................................... 48
MultiTouchScreen ............................................................................................................................................ 50
TestActivity ...................................................................................................................................................... 52
Bluetooth Controllers (Zeemote) ........................................................................................................................... 53
Summary .............................................................................................................................................................. 58
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■ CONTENTS

More Gaming Tricks with OpenGL and JNI ....................................................... 59
The Power of Mobile Devices ................................................................................................................................ 60
OpenGL the Java Way ........................................................................................................................................... 61
Creating a Project ............................................................................................................................................ 62
Java Main Activity ............................................................................................................................................ 67
Surface View .................................................................................................................................................... 68
GL Thread ......................................................................................................................................................... 71
Cube Renderer ................................................................................................................................................. 74
Cube Class ....................................................................................................................................................... 77
OpenGL the Native Way ........................................................................................................................................ 80
Main Activity .................................................................................................................................................... 82
Native Interface Class ...................................................................................................................................... 84
Changes to the Original Sample ...................................................................................................................... 85
Native Cube Renderer ...................................................................................................................................... 87
Native Cube ...................................................................................................................................................... 93
Compiling and Running the Sample ................................................................................................................. 94
Scaling Video Buffers with Hybrid OpenGL ES ...................................................................................................... 99
Why Use Hybrid Scaling? ................................................................................................................................. 99
Initializing the Surface ................................................................................................................................... 102
Drawing into the Texture ............................................................................................................................... 103
What Happens when the Image is not a Power of Two ................................................................................. 106
Summary ............................................................................................................................................................ 111
Efficient Graphics with OpenGL ES 2.0 ........................................................... 113
OpenGL ES 2.0 and Android ................................................................................................................................ 113
Shaders .......................................................................................................................................................... 114
GLSL ............................................................................................................................................................... 115
Anatomy of a Shader ..................................................................................................................................... 117
Invoking OpenGL ES 2.0 in Android ..................................................................................................................... 120
Project Icosahedron ............................................................................................................................................ 121
Reviewing the Shape ..................................................................................................................................... 121
Tackling the Project ....................................................................................................................................... 123
Native Icosahedron ........................................................................................................................................ 133
Adding Swipe and Multi-Touch Pinch for Zooming ............................................................................................. 139
Compiling and Running ....................................................................................................................................... 143
Summary ............................................................................................................................................................ 144
3D Shooters for Doom ..................................................................................... 145
The Sky Is the Limit with the Java/C Power Combo ........................................................................................... 146
Bringing Doom to a Mobile Device ...................................................................................................................... 147
Game Architecture for Doom .............................................................................................................................. 149
Java Main Activity ............................................................................................................................................... 151
Creation Handler ............................................................................................................................................ 152
Game Layout .................................................................................................................................................. 152
Menu and Selection Handlers ........................................................................................................................ 155
Key and Touch Event Handlers ...................................................................................................................... 157
Native Callback Handlers ............................................................................................................................... 158
Navigation Controls ........................................................................................................................................ 162
Handling Audio Independently of the Format ...................................................................................................... 164
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■ CONTENTS

Native Interface Class ......................................................................................................................................... 165
Callback Listener ........................................................................................................................................... 165
Native Methods .............................................................................................................................................. 166
C to Java Callbacks ........................................................................................................................................ 167
Native Layer ........................................................................................................................................................ 169
Native Method Implementations .................................................................................................................... 170
Original Game Changes. ................................................................................................................................. 181
Compiling Doom with the NDK ............................................................................................................................ 187
Testing Doom in the Emulator ............................................................................................................................ 189
Summary ............................................................................................................................................................ 192
3D Shooters for Quake .................................................................................... 193
A Little About the Quake Jargon ......................................................................................................................... 193
The Power of Code Reuse: Quake in Less Than 500 Lines of New Code ............................................................1 95
OpenGL Is Not the Same as OpenGL ES ......................................................................................................... 195
Is the Software Renderer a Possible Solution? ................................................................................................... 197
NanoGL: The Live Saver ................................................................................................................................. 197
Quake for Android Architecture .......................................................................................................................... 202
Java OpenGL Renderer Architecture .............................................................................................................. 202
Handling Audio Independently of the Format ................................................................................................. 207
Handling Keyboard Events ............................................................................................................................. 210
Handling Touch Events .................................................................................................................................. 212
Game Startup Activity .................................................................................................................................... 214
Changes Required to the Native Quake Engine .................................................................................................. 216
Video Handler Changes .................................................................................................................................. 216
Handling Pitch and Yaw ................................................................................................................................. 219
Handling Forward and Side Movement .......................................................................................................... 220
Audio Handler Changes .................................................................................................................................. 220
Fixing the Game Loop .................................................................................................................................... 223
Running on a Device ........................................................................................................................................... 225
Summary ............................................................................................................................................................ 232
3D Shooters for Quake II ................................................................................. 233
Reviewing the Code ............................................................................................................................................ 233
Escaping the Shackles of the Java Heap ............................................................................................................ 234
Taming the Mighty Quake II Engine .................................................................................................................... 235
Code Reusability ............................................................................................................................................ 236
What to Do When Fatal Errors Occur ............................................................................................................. 245
OpenGL Immediate Mode Issues ................................................................................................................... 248
Video Handlers ............................................................................................................................................... 248
Building Quake II with the NDK ........................................................................................................................... 252
Running on the Device or Emulator .................................................................................................................... 255
Quake II Performance on Multiple Devices ......................................................................................................... 258
Summary ............................................................................................................................................................ 260
Deployment and Compilation Tips .................................................................. 261
Signing Your Application ..................................................................................................................................... 261
Creating a Key Store ...................................................................................................................................... 262
Signing the Application .................................................................................................................................. 262
JNI Cheat Sheet .................................................................................................................................................. 267
vii
■ CONTENTS

JNI Method Syntax ......................................................................................................................................... 268
Loading a Java Class as Global Reference .................................................................................................... 268
Converting a Java Array to a C array ............................................................................................................. 268
Invoking Java Within C (Callbacks) ................................................................................................................ 269
Final Thoughts .................................................................................................................................................... 269
Index ............................................................................................................... 271

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About the Author
Vladimir Silva was born in Quito, Ecuador. He received a system’s analyst degree from Ecuador’s
Army Polytechnic Institute in 1994. The same year, he came to the United States as an exchange
student pursuing a master’s degree in computer science at Middle Tennessee State University.
After graduation, he joined the IBM WebAhead technology think tank. His interests include grid
computing, neural networks, and artificial intelligence. He also holds numerous IT certifications,
including Oracle Certified Professional (OCP), Microsoft Certified Solution Developer (MCSD),
and Microsoft Certified Professional (MCP). He has written many technical articles on security
and grid computing for IBM developerWorks.
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About the Technical Reviewers
Vikram Goyal is the author of several Apress books and works from home on several web sites.
He currently lives in Brisbane, Australia.

James Graham was born in Alabama and grew up in Fort Walton Beach, Florida, and San
Antonio, Texas. He received a BS in electronics with a specialty in telecommunications from
Texas A&M University in 1988. He has been an associate network engineer for the Network
Design group at Amoco Corporation and an intelligence systems analyst for the US Air Force
Special Operations Command. In addition to being an Android developer, he is the author of the
highly-rated freeware hurricane tracking program, JStrack.

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