Adult Critical Care Medicine: A Clinical Casebook

401 Pages·2019·4.114 MB·English

by  Jennifer A. LaRosa

Jennifer A. LaRosa
Editor
Adult Critical Care
Medicine
A Clinical Casebook
123
Adult Critical Care Medicine
Jennifer A. LaRosa
Editor
Adult Critical Care
Medicine
A Clinical Casebook
Editor
Jennifer A. LaRosa
Newark
NJ
USA
ISBN 978-3-319-94423-4 ISBN 978-3-319-94424-1 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94424-1
Library of Congress Control Number: 2018956149
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019
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For the Fearsome Foursome, of course….
Buon seme dà buoni frutti.
Italian Proverb
Ní neart go cur le chéile.
Gaelic Proverb
Preface
The study of disease and the application of lifesaving inter-
ventions have undergone a meteoric rise in the mid-twentieth
century. Many important events have contributed to this
growth, the following three of which are noteworthy exam-
ples: (1) The polio epidemic triggered the widespread use of
mechanical ventilators. (2) The standardization of transfusion
and resuscitative protocols made survival from catastrophic
injury possible. (3) Organ transplant became a real and sus-
tainable possibility for those dying of single organ dysfunc-
tion. For patients with organ failure, trauma, or severe
infection who would have invariably succumbed to their ill-
ness, critical care medicine offered an opportunity to change
that inevitable fate.
This book is a state-of-the-art reference for many of the
challenges the modern practitioner faces today. The topics
covered range from organ failure and transplantation to bio-
ethical challenges and how we die. Each chapter tells a story
of a real patient. Though this book is by no means all encom-
passing, it aims to be broad, comprehensive, and accessible
for critical care providers. It is the work of over two dozen
authors from around the world with firsthand experience and
expertise in their subspecialty.
Newark, NJ, USA Jennifer A. LaRosa
vii
Contents
1 Management of Intracranial Hypertension
and Status Epilepticus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Christopher Begley and Debra Roberts
2 Overcoming Conflicts in ICU Care
of Surgical Patients . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Anthony Dinallo, Jonathan Decker,
and Adam M. Kopelan
3 Perioperative Management of the Heart
Transplant and Mechanical Circulatory
Support Device Patient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Mark Jay Zucker and Leeor M. Jaffe
4 Damage Control in the Trauma ICU . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Yanjie Qi
5 Liver Failure in the ICU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Priyanka Rajaram and Ram Subramanian
6 Harm and Quality in the ICU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Jennifer A. LaRosa
7 Surveillance and Prevention
of Hospital- Acquired Infections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Christian A. Engell
8 Sepsis and Septic Shock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Anand Kumar and Victor Tremblay
ix
x Contents
9 Advanced Practice Providers
in the ICU: Models for a Successful
Multiprofessional Team . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
Heather Meissen and Aimee Abide
10 Critical Care Billing, Coding,
and Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
Michael J. Apostolakos
11 Shock and Vasopressors:
State-of-the-Art Update . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Michael Kouch and R. Phillip Dellinger
12 Brain Death . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
Margie Hodges Shaw and David C. Kaufman
13 Nutrition Support Therapy During
Critical Illness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
Jayshil Patel, Ryan T. Hurt,
and Manpreet Mundi
14 Advanced and Difficult Airway
Management in the ICU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
Jagroop S. Saran and Joseph W. Dooley
15 Hemodynamic Monitoring: What’s
Out There? What’s Best for You? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
Heath E. Latham
16 Bleeding and Thrombosis in the ICU . . . . . . . . . . . . 299
Donald S. Houston and Ryan Zarychanski
17 Diagnosis and Management of Pulmonary
Embolism in Pregnancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315
Lars-Kristofer N. Peterson
18 Challenges in Oxygenation and Ventilation . . . . . . . 351
Julia West and Caroline M. Quill
19 Poisoning and Toxicity: The New Age . . . . . . . . . . . . 369
Kim Kwai and Patrick Hinfey
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 391
Contributors
Aimee Abide, PA-C, MMSc Emory Critical Care Center,
Emory Healthcare, Atlanta, GA, USA
Michael  J.  Apostolakos, MD University of Rochester
Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
Christopher Begley, DO University of Rochester Medical
Center, Rochester, NY, USA
Jonathan Decker, DO Newark Beth Israel Medical Center,
Newark, NJ, USA
R. Phillip Dellinger, MD, MCCM Critical Care Medicine,
Cooper University Health Care, Cooper Medical School of
Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA
Anthony Dinallo, MD, MPH Newark Beth Israel Medical
Center, Newark, NJ, USA
Joseph W. Dooley, MD Department of Anesthesiology and
Perioperative Medicine, University of Rochester School of
Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
Christian  A.  Engell, MD Rutgers University New Jersey
School of Medicine, Newark, NJ, USA
Patrick Hinfey, MD Newark Beth Israel Medical Center,
Newark, NJ, USA
Donald  S.  Houston, MD, PhD Department of Internal
Medicine, Section of Medical Oncology and Haematology,
University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
xi
xii Contributors
Ryan  T.  Hurt, MD, PhD Division of General Internal
Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
Leeor  M.  Jaffe, MD Department of Medicine, Baystate
Medical Center, Springfield, MA, USA
David  C.  Kaufman, MD, FCCM Department of Surgery,
University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry,
Rochester, NY, USA
Adam M. Kopelan, MD, FACS Newark Beth Israel Medical
Center, Newark, NJ, USA
Michael  Kouch, MD, FAAEM Critical Care Medicine,
Cooper University Health Care, Cooper Medical School of
Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA
Anand  Kumar, MD Section of Critical Care Medicine,
Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba,
Winnipeg, MB, Canada
Kim  Kwai, MD UC Davis Medical Center, Sacramento,
CA, USA
Jennifer A. LaRosa, MD, FCCM, FCCP Newark, NJ, USA
Heath E. Latham, MD Division of Pulmonary and Critical
Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The
University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
Heather  Meissen, MSN, ACNP, CCRN, FCCM,
FAANP Emory Critical Care Center, Emory Healthcare,
Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University,
Atlanta, GA, USA
Manpreet Mundi, MD Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes,
Metabolism, and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
Jayshil Patel, MD Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care
Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee,
WI, USA
Lars-Kristofer N. Peterson, MD Departments of Medicine
and Emergency Medicine, Division of Critical Care Medicine,
Cooper University Hospital, Cooper Medical School of
Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA