Adam White: The Crustacean years

18 Pages·2001·1.2 MB·English

by  Clark, P F

THE RAFFLES BULLETIN OFZOOLOGY 2001 49(1): 149-166
© National UniversityofSingapore
ADAM WHITE: THE CRUSTACEAN YEARS
Paul F. Clark
DepartmentofZoology, TheNaturalHistoryMuseum, CromwellRoad, LondonSW75BD, England. Email:[email protected].
Bronwen Presswell
MolecularGenetics, UniversityofGlasgow, PontecorvoBuilding, 56DumbartonRoad, GlasgowG116NU, ScotlandandDepartmentofZoology,
TheNaturalHistoryMuseum.
•
ABSTRACT.- AdamWhite was appointedtotheZoology BranchoftheNatural History Divisioninthe
BritishMuseumatBloomsburyinDecember1835.Duringhis28yearsserviceasanassistant,hisscientific
output was prodigious. This study concentrates on his contribution to Crustaceaand includes abrieflife
history,alistofcrustaceanspeciesattributedtoWhitewithappropriateremarksandafulllistofhiscrustacean
publications.
KEYWORDS. - AdamWhite, Crustacea, Bibliography, listofvalid indications.
INTRODUCTION removingtheregistrationnumbersaffixedtothespecimens,
therebycreatingtotalconfusioninthecollections.Samouelle
AdamWhite wasborninEdinburghon29thApril 1817and waseventuallydismissedin1841(Steam, 1981;Ingle,1991).
was educated at the High School of the city (McLachlan,
1879).Attheageof18,White, alreadyanardentnaturalist, Subsequently,White was placedinchargeofthe arthropod
wenttoLondonwithaletterofintroductiontoJohnEdward collection and, as aconsequence, he publishedextensively
Gray at the British Museum. White was appointed as an onInsectaandCrustacea.Ashisexperienceoftheadvantages
Assistant in the Zoological Branch of Natural History enjoyed by a national museum increased, White wrote
DivisionoftheBritishMuseuminDecember1835(Dunning, tirelessly to Scottish newspapers, under the pseudonym
1879; Gilbert, 1977). Arachnophilus, campaigning for the establishment of a
National Museum in Scotland. The name was meant to
White was remembered fondly by several authors, Cowtan signify patient perseverance, and he lived up to it, the
(1872),forexamplecommentingonhis"firstappearanceat campaigncontinuingforanumberofyears. Hefeltstrongly
theMuseuminashortjacket,which,togetherwithhisruddy abouteducationforallintheelitistsocietyoftheday,aview
and youthful appearance, gained for him the epithet ofthe thatbecamecentralinthedebateleadingtotheestablishment
boyWhite".McLachlan(1879)assertsthat"noonewasmore ofScotland's national museum (Waterston, 1997).
willing to gooutofhis way to oblige" andto proffer"wise
counselandreadyassistance".Dunning(1879)furtherrecalls AttheBritishMuseum,White'srelationshipwithJ.E. Gray
White's"broadScotchaccentwithwhichhiswordsofsound (appointed Keeper of Zoology in 1840) was not entirely
advice were delivered". Photographs ofWhite in later life satisfactory.Inaletter(White, 1862;lettertoSmith,Natural
have beenpublishedinIngle (1991) and Waterston (1997). HistoryMuseum[NHM]Archives)toFrederickSmith(then
AssistantKeeper)Whitespeaksof"...poorDrGray'senmity
Ing1e (1991) notes that White initially worked on the bird to me -very marked since 1850...". Later, in aletterto his
collections, but later was instructed to assist Mr George good friend Carruthers (White, 1870; letter to Carruthers,
Samouelle in the Insect Room two days aweekand curate NHM Archives), White exhibited genuine sorrow for the
the arthropod collection. Samouelle trod an unsteady path breakdown of his relationship with Gray. "I wish I could
as Assistant. He took to drink, neglected his duties, was from the heart forgive him for the many injuries he has
constantly absent from work and was insulting to his occasioned to me, by his calumniating tongue" (White's
supervisors.Heevenspitedco-workerWhitebydeliberately underlining).
Received 31 Aug 2000 Accepted 3Apr 2001
149
Clark & Presswell: Adam White: the crustacean years
WhiteremainedonlyanAssistantintheZoologyDepartment popularHistoryofBritishCrustacea.He(White,1855b)algO
after28yearsinservicedespitehisprodigiousoutput,(White edited with notes a volume on "A collection ofdocuments
1862;lettertoSmith,NHMArchives).Thedeathofhisfirst onSpitzbergen & Greenland, comprisingatranslationfrom
wifeprecipitatedamentalbreakdown andhe wasforced to F. Martens'voyagetoSpitzbergen:AtranslationfromIsaac
retireprematurely(Carruthers, 1873;lettertoHooker,NHM de la Peyere's histoire du Groenland", for the Hakluyt
Archives). Society.Inadditiontohisfascinationwithanimallife,White
was also a keen botanist and apparently contributed many
EmbitteredbyhistreatmentatthehandsofGray,andbyhis specimenstotheBritishMuseumHerbarium(Anon, 1879).
"miserablepensionof£115" (White, 1862;letterto Smith,
NHM Archives), White fell into emotional and pecuniary This present study comments upon White's publications
decline and spent some time in the Sunnyside Lunatic relating to his descriptions ofnew Crustacea species in the
Asylum, Montrose, Scotland (Carruthers, 1873, letter to Proceedings ofthe Zoological Society ofLondon and their
Hooker, NHM Archives). However, his urge to write duplicationintheAnnalsandMagazine ofNaturalHistory,
continued even while in confinement, and he edited and includingZoology, Botany,andGeology-whichjournalwas
largelycontributedto ajournal, thecontentsofwhich were published first and took priority? Further difficulties were
supplied by patients (McLachlan, 1879). His sense of encountered with the precise dates of White's papers
ignominywasfurthercompoundedwhentheTrusteesofthe publishedintheJournalofProceedingsoftheEntomological
BritishMuseum apparently refused himaccess. White was SocietyofLondon.Amatteralsoconfusedbyduplicationin
accusedofthewillfuldestructionofabookanddishonesty. the Annals and Magazine ofNatural History, including
He begs for support, writing "if any friends I have at the Zoology, Botany, andGeology. StrangelyneithertheNHM
Museum were to write me that they deem me incapable of Library nor Crustacea Section possesses a compendium of
such conduct it would cheer me" (White, 1870; letter to White'sreprintsthatmighthelpresolvetheseissues,butthe
Carruthers, NHM Archives). Crustacean Section Library does have White's (1847a)
personal, annotated copy ofhis Catalogue ofCrustacea in
White remarried and had three more children (he had one the British Museum and this has been the source ofmuch
daughterfrom his first marriage), but his financial worries information.
continued. He begged for help from his friend Carruthers,
and applied for a small gratuity from the Royal Society White was an industrious worker, but access to his
(White, 1870; letter to Carruthers, NHM Archives; publicationsisrestrictedbecausetheyareapproximately 150
Carruthers 1873; letterto Hooker, NHM Archives). years old, rare and therefore difficult to obtain. This is a
problemasWhitedescribedalargenumberofnewarthropod
Sadly,despiteWhite'sconsiderablecontributiontothefields species. A measure of White's endeavours can be gained
ofentomologyandcarcinologyhegrewdespondentinlater fromthecatalogueofscientificpaperscompiledbytheRoyal
life, describing himself as "one who has been somewhat Society ofLondon (1872: 347-349, 763), but although 59
unsuccessful in the race of life" (White, 1874; letter to journal references relating to Arthropoda are listed, it is
Carruthers, NHMArchives). WhitediedinJanuary 1879at incomplete and sometimes misleading. For example,
Glasgow, aged 63 (Dunning, 1879). reference31 states"Shortdescriptionsofsomenewspecies
ofCrustaceain the collectionofthe BritishMuseum. Proc.
Zoo!' Soc.Lond., XV, 1847, pp. 84-86, 118-127". This
WHITE'S PUBLICATIONS publication is in fact two separate papers, with almost
identical titles (White, 1847d, 1847g). Further, citation 32
White published a truly prodigious number of works on is dated 1847, but Waterhouse (1893: 438) and Duncan
natural history, including such diverse works as A popular (1937: 80) suggested it was published on the 29th March
history ofMammalia (1850), A popular history ofBirds 1848. Moreover, none of White's catalogues, books or
(1855),andHeadsandTails; orAnecdotes... ofQuadrupeds contributions to the identification of expedition collected
and other beasts (1870). With R. M Stark he wrote The specimens, is cited. The latter are recorded in the Library
instructive picture book (1857) and for the Society for Catalogue ofthe British Museum (Natural History) (1915:
Promoting Christian Knowledge he arranged the plates for 2306-2307) and a total of 26 arthropod (Insecta and
Tabular view ofMyriapoda, Arachnida, & Crustacea, and Crustacea)publicationsareindexed.Yetagainthelistisnot
Tabular view ofthe orders andleadingfamilies ofinsects, complete and is inaccurate, especially for his crustacean
fortheDiagramsofNaturalHistoryseries.TheTabularview works. ForexampletheCrustaceaofthe H.M.S. Samarang
ofCrustacea arranged by White (1861c: pIs 2, 3) for the voyage,publishedjointlywithArthurAdams,isdated1848.
Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge appears to be However, according to Sherborn(1922: cxi), theCrustacea
an obscure publication. The two pages of plates contain chapter was published in two parts dated 1848 and 1849.
beautifullyengravedillustrationsofvariousCrustaceataxa The Library Catalogue (1915: 2307) cites White's
byJ. W. Lowryandthelistofspeciesrepresentedhasbeen contribution to the "Narrative of the voyage of H.M.S.
tabulated (Tables 1, 2). White made two important Rattlesnake" as 1852,the date onthe title page, butduring
contributions to British carcinology. In 1850, White this present study the copy in the British Library was
cataloguedtheCrustaceaforaserieswhichattemptedtolist examinedand it was date stamped 27 DE 1851. The above
specimens of British animals and (White, 1857), wrote A examples arejustafew ofthe problems encounteredwhile
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THE RAFFLES BULLETIN OF ZOOLOGY2001
Table1.ListofCrustaceaengravedonplate2.AfterJ.W.Lowry,White, 1861c.*indicatesspeciesepithetspeltwithanuppercaseletter
by White.
Crustacea Ommatocarcinus macgillivraii* Scyllarus aequinoctialis
Sub Class Malacostraca Grapsuspictus
Legion Podophthalma Cryptosoma orientis SectionMacroura
OrderDecapoda Leucosia longifrons
Section Brachyura Platymera gaudichaudii* Palinurus homarus (Thorny Lobster)
Utica gracilipes lbacus incisus
Oncinopus neptunus* Belliapicta Calocaris macandreae*
Arctopsis lanata (Gibb's Crab) Arcania novemspinosa Callianassa turneri*
Doclea calcitrapa* Nursiaplicata Astacusgammarus (CommonLobster)
Pericera cornuta (HornedCrab) Corytes cassivelaunus Rhynchocinetus typus
Lambrus hoplonotus Dorippe quadridens Alphaeusbidens
Crytopodia dorsalis Cymopoliajukesii* Stenopus hispidus
Zebrida adamsii Crangon vulgare (Shrimp)
Galene dorsalis Section Anomoura Penaeus caramote
Polybius henslowii
Atergatis integerrimus Dromia vulgaris Order Stomapoda
Podophthalmus vigil Petalocerus bellianus*
Neptunus sanguinolentus Porcellanaplatycheles Phyllosoma clavicorne (Glassy shrimp)
Thelphusafluviatilis Remipes testudinarius Mysis longicornis (Opossum Shrimp)
Pinnotherespisum (Peacrab) Cenobitadiogenes(DiogenesHermit-Crab) Squillerichthus typus
Gecarcinus ruricola (LandCrab) Pagurus streblonyx(SoldierCrab) Squilla mantis
Mictyris longicarpus Grinnothea gregaria
Gela sinnus (Calling Crab) Aeglea laevis
Table2.ListofCrustaceaengravedonplate3.AfterJ.W.Lowry,White, 1861c.*indicatesspeciesepithetspeltwithanuppercaseletter
by White.
Crustacea Ourozeuktes owenii* OrderLerneadae
SubClass Malacostraca Serolis orbignyi*
Legion Edriophthalma lone thoracicus Lernentomiaasellina
OrderAmphipoda Anchorella rugosa
DivisionEntomostraca Lerneonema spratta
Talitrus saltator* SandHopper Legion Branchiopoda Lerneabranchialis
Amphithoe edwardsi* Ord. Phyllopoda
Erichthonius difformis Ord. Xyphosura
Cerapus tubularis Apuscancriformis
Corophium longicorne Nebalia bipes Limulusmoluccanus (King crab)
Chelura terebrans Chirocephalus diaphanus (Fairy Shrimp)
Vibilia peronii* Div: Cirripedia
Hyperia latreillei* Ord. Cladocera Fam: Balanidae
Phronima sedentaria*
Lestrigonusfahraei* Daphniapulex Balanusperforatus
Rhabdosomaacuminatum Polyphemuspediculus Balanus tintinnabulum
Oxycephaluspiscator Chelonobia testudinaria
Legion Lophyropoda Tetraclitapurpurascens
OrderLaemodipoda Ord.Ostracoda Tubicinella trachealis
Coronula balaenaris
Cyamus ovalis Cypris tristriata
Caprella acuminifera Fam: Verrucidae
Ord. Copepoda
OrderIsopoda Verruca stromia
Cyclops quadricornis
Arcturusbaffini* Cetochilus septentrionalis Fam. Lepadidae
Praniza caeruleata
Anceus rapax Legion Poecilopoda Alcippe lampas
Idotea lalandii* Ord. Siphostoma Lepasanatifera
Limnoria terebrans Alepas cornuta
Porcelliogranulatus Argulusfoliaceus lbla cumingii*
Sphaeroma serratum Lepeoptheirus stromii* Scalpellum vulgare
Cymodocea armata Pandarus bicolor Scalpellum rostratum
Amphoroidea typa Anthosomasmithii* Pollicipes mitella
Glyptonotus antarcticus Nicothoe astaci* Lithotrya dorsalis
151
Clark & Presswell: Adam White: the crustacean years
researching the crustacean publications ofAdam White. "Proceedings ofLearned Societies" (White, 1847c, 1847f,
1848a, 1848c, 1849a, 1849c, 1851b, 1861b respectively).
White, through no fault of his own, has left a legacy of The major difference between the two publications is that
nomenclatural confusion that has been difficult to resolve the plates were not reproduced in the Annals. The only
andrelatestothedateofpublicationofthreejournals.White Proceedings paper ofWhite (1856) not to be reprinted in
communicated papers that contained descriptions of new theAnnals was theZoological Societymeeting heldonthe
species at the Entomological and Zoological Societies of 13th of May 1856. However the problem with this
London, which were published in Journal ofProceedings duplication of papers is nomenclatural priority and the
ofthe Entomological Society and the Proceedings ofthe distribution (availability) dates ofeachjournal.
ZoologicalSociety.Acontemporaryserialoftheperiodwas
the Annals and Magazine ofNatural History, including Only the works of White published in the Entomological
Zoology,BotanyandGeologyanditcontainedregularreports and Zoological Society house journals are listed in the
entitled "Proceedings of Learned Societies". As a catalogueofscientificpaperscompiledbytheRoyalSociety
consequence, thisJournalduplicatedthemajorityofpapers (1872) and this seemed to suggest it is these journals that
printedbythe Entomological and Zoological Societies and were the original descriptions and have nomenclatural
the following explanatory comments may be helpful in priority. In order to confirm priority date, copies of the
recommending dates ofpriority. Proceedings ofZoological Society and The Annals and
MagazineofNaturalHistorywereexaminedinthelibraries
ofthe Zoology Department and Mollusca Section, Natural
THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY History Museum, Linnean Society, Zoological Society and
the British Library.
White published two crustacean papers in the Journal of
Proceedings ofthe Entomological Society ofLondon. This The Proceedings
serial was issuedin sheetsA-K (the letterJwas notused)
sometimebetween 1841 and 1846,orlater. This series was None of the volumes examined suggested that the
later reprinted by the Entomological Society in 1864 (see "Proceedings" was distributedin sheets/numbers andthere
White, 1864a, b) because ofits rarity, but it had different is no evidence ofadditional wrappers within the bindings.
paginationfrom the original. The original 1841-46volume The date stamps in the British Library copies of volumes
presentsanumberofproblems.Establishingthepublication 1844, 1845, 1846 and 1848 are as follows:-
dates ofthese sheets proved difficult because a fire at the
Royal Entomological Society destroyed many records 1844 (part XII) =12th November 1845
(Neave, 1933: 89). However, Wheeler (1911) listed the 1845 (part XIII) =15thFebruary 1847
publicationdates ofall Proceedings betweenJanuary 1840 1846 (part XIV) = 2nd December 1847
and December 1846. Wheeler's work confirms the 1847 (part XV) = 7th July 1848
publicationdateofthetwoWhitepapersinJ. Proc. entSoc.
Land.Hispaperpresentedatthemeetingofthe2ndofAugust, The Accessions Register of Linnean Library revealed a
1841 wasincludedinthesheetIIIe(erroneouslyprintedon different distribution story for the same volumes:-
thefirst pageofthe sheetas IIC), which wasfirst available
onthe 1stofFebruary 1842.White'ssecondpaper,givenon 1844 (part XII), sheets (no.) 131-142and 1845 (part XIII),
the 7th April 1845, was published on the }'t July 1846. sheets (no.) 143-145 =16thOctober 1845
=
However, these two White papers, were reprinted 1845 (part XIII), sheets (no.) 146-148 10th April 1847
contemporaneously in Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (see White, 1845(partXIII), sheets(no.) 149-154and 1846(partXIV),
1842b, 1846b).AccordingtotheAccessionsRegisterofthe sheets (no.) 155-158 = 18th August 1846
Linnean Society Library the publication dates ofthese can 1846 (part XIV), sheets (no.) 160-166 = 21stMarch 1847
=
alsobeestablishedasthefirstofFebruary 1842andthefirst 1847(partXV),sheets(no.) 167-176 14thSeptember1847
=
ofJuly 1846respectively. Theauthorsofthispresentstudy 1847 (part XV), sheets (no.) 177-179 29th May 1848
recommendthatthe White papers publishedin theJournal
oftheProceedingsoftheEntomologicalSocietytakepriority ThepublicationdatesoftheProceedingswereconfusedand
because these were the original submissions and were haveobviouslybeenaprobleminthepast,butareimportant.
reprinted by Annals and Magazine ofNatural History, This matter was resolved when Sclater (Anon, 1893: 435)
including Zoology, Botany and Geology. laidbeforethe Zoological Society meeting ofMay 2, 1893
alistoftheProceedingsdates. Thislistwascompiledfrom
the printers' (Taylor & Frances) receipts for the sheets of
THE ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY theProceedingsfrom 1831-1859byWaterhouse(1893)who
was the Librarian to the Zoological Society from 1872 to
White published seven papers in the Proceedings ofthe 1913. Waterhouse was not originally credited with the
ZoologicalSocietyofLondon(White, 1847b, 1847d,1847g, authorship of the delivery dates and his work was later
1848b,1848d,1849b,1851a, 1861a).Thesewereduplicated reprinted at the request ofSherborn in Duncan (1937: 78
in The Annals andMagazine ofNaturalHistory, including 83). The sheets were referred to as numbers in the list
Zoology, Botany, and Geology under a section entitled assembledbyWaterhouse. Whatis notclarified is whether
152
THE RAFFLES BULLETIN OFZOOLOGY 2001
thesesheetswereindividuallydistributedtothemembersof were traced via the British Library newspaper section but
the Zoological Society as they became available from the gave no further help, Spectator Saturday 14th August;
printers or if the Society distributed the volumes in parts. Morning Post Tuesday 24th August; the Daily News and
Further, two papers by White (1847g, 1848a) run into the MorningHeraldThursday26thAugust.However,theHMS
following sheet. However, the dates of delivery from the Fly copy in the British Library was date stamped with the
printers to the Zoological Society have produced a stable numbers47.7.28.25establishingthedistributiondate asthe
nomenclature with regard to papers published in the 28thJuly 1847.
Proceedings and this been generally accepted.
TheAnnals VALID GENERA & SPECIES ATTRIBUTED
TO WHITE
In comparison, the distribution dates of the Annals and
Magazine ofNatural History, including Zoology, Botany, White is the authority for 31 genera of which nine were
andGeologyappeartobewithoutcontention.Thedatestamp jointlyestablishedwithArthurAdams,threewereattributed
in the British Library volumes are as follows:- toWhitebyKinahan(1859)andtwoofthegeneraestablished
by White are invalid.
=
No. 130, July 1847 15thJuly 1847
No. 131, August 1847 = 12th November 1847 Two hundred and eighty-nine crustacean species were
No. 132, September 1847 = 22nd September 1847 considered by White to be new to science, but for various
No. 133, October 1847 = 15th October 1847 reasons this figure should be revised. One hundred and
No. 134, November 1847 =12th November 1847 seventy-one species thought to be new by White (mainly
No. 135, December 1847 = 27th December 1847 1847a) are nomina nuda because they are without a valid
indication. Sixty-fivenewspeciesweredescribedsolelyby
Richard Taylor was one of the leading printers/publishers White, 42 jointly with Arthur Adams, five species
duringthisperiodandhisfirmprintedmostofthescientific descriptions wereattributedto White byMiers (1874), one
journals in London. He was also a Fellow of the Linnean replacement name (White, 1847a: 30, Thelphusa dehaanii)
Society. From studying the Linnean Society Library and two new species were attributed to White by Kinahan
AccessionbookfortheperiodofWhite'spublications,Ann. (1859). White is also the authority for 31 genera.
Mag. nat. Hist. appears to have be made available at the
beginningofthemonthasstatedonthetitleheadingofeach Ofthe nomina nuda, White (l847a) was preparing figures
part. This was made possible because one of the Journal withtheintentionofdescribingnewcrustaceanspeciesand
editors (RichardTaylor) ensured that acopy ofthe Journal publishingtheminthezoologicalaccountoftheHMSErebus
was promptly delivered to the library. & Terrorvoyage,butthisstudywasnevercompleted.Instead
Miers (1874) completed an account ofthe Crustacea from
No. 130, July 1847 = 1stJuly 1847 the Voyage and published some of White's figures,
=
No. 131, August 1847 2nd August 1847 amounting to four plates. Miers (1874: 1) wrote an
No. 132, September 1847 = 1st September 1847 introduction to the paper stating "The greater number of
=
No. 133, October 1847 2nd October 1847 Crustacea here figured have been described by Mr. Adam
No. 134, November 1847 = 1st November 1847 White.Theplateshavingbeenprintedoffmanyyearssince,
=
No. 135, December 1847 1stDecember 1847 and the stones destroyed, it has not been possible to alter
their lettering, and bring it into correspondence with the
Priority ofProceedings and Annals nomenclature adopted in the text; but whenever I have
adoptedforanyspeciesadifferentgenericorspecificname
From Waterhouse (1893) and the Linnean Society Library from that used by Mr. White, and printed on the plate, a
Accessions Register, White's papers published by the referencehasbeenmadetothelatterinthesynonymaofthe
Proceedings ofthe Zoological Society are considered here species"
totakeprioritybecausetheywereavailablebeforetheAnnals
andMagazineofNaturalHistory, includingZoology, Botany, Further, White (1847a) indicated that a number ofspecies
and Geology. descriptions appeared inAnn. Mag. nat. Hist. 1846but the
authors of this present study did not find this paper and
HMS FLY therefore the names appear to be nomina nuda.
July 1847saw threepaperspublishedbyWhite(1847c,d,e) Additionalproblemswereencounteredwhenestablishingthe
but establishing the distribution date of the HMS Fly correct authorship of some White proposed species. With
narrative was difficult. The copy in the Natural History DoubledayherecordedalistofannuloseanimalsfromNew
Museum General Library has the month July hand written Zealand but only the name of White appears after the
bySherborn,inpencil,onthetitlepage.AlsointheGeneral descriptions ofthe crustacean species. Crustacea from the
LibraryisabookcontainingthecorrespondenceofJukeand voyage of HMS Samarang were described jointly with
withinisalettertoafrienddatedthe28thAugust1847which Arthur Adams. Inanumberofinstances Adams andWhite
givesalistofnewspapersthathavereviewedthebook.These incorrectly attributed the authority of the species to
153
Clark & Presswell: Adam White: the crustacean years
themselveswhenapreviousdescriptionbyonlyWhitetook
Alpheus alope White (in Miers, 1874)-White, 1847a: 75
priority. InoneinstancetheearliercombinationofWhite& [n.n.]; Miers, 1874: 5, Tab. 4, fig. 6. REMARKS: The name
Adams (inWhite, 1847d: 84)was lateralteredto Adams &
AlpheusalopeasestablishedbyWhite, 1847a:75isanomen
White (Adams & White, 1848: 30).
nudum. Although Whitehadpreparedanillustrationofthis
alpheid, it was Miers, (1874, Tab. 4, fig. 6) who finally
publishedthedrawingandwroteabriefdescriptionof(1874:
GENERA AND SPECIES
5) the species making the name valid and available. The
authority for this species is attributed to White by Miers
The following is a list of crustacean genera and species (1874: 1).
attributed to Adam White. The list does not include any
synonymies accept those authors directly associated with Alpheus amphitrite-White, 1847a: 74 [nn.].
White and includes Adams & White (1848), Gosse (1851),
Kinahan (1859) and Miers (1874). This list is ordered Alpheus doris-seeAlpheus strenuus
alphabetically by genus with validindications in boldtype
andremarkshavebeenincludedwithsomespeciestoclarify Alpheus doto White (in Miers, 1874)-White, 1847a: 75
=
outstanding issues. Abbreviations used in the text, n.n. [n.n.]; Miers 1874: 5, Tab. 4, fig. 5. REMARKS: The name
nomen nudum.
AlpheusdotoasestablishedbyWhite, 1847a:75isanomen
nudum. AlthoughWhite hadpreparedanillustrationofthis
Acanthoniscus White (in Kinahan, 1859)-White, 1847a: alpheid, it was Miers, (1874, Tab. 4, fig. 5) that finally
99 [n.n.]; Kinahan, 1859: 132. publishedthe drawing and described (1874: 5) the species
making the name validandavailable. The authority for the
AcanthoniscusspinigerWhite(inKinahan, 1859)-White, species is attributed to White by Miers (1874: 1).
1847a:99[n.n.];Gosse, 1851:65 [n.n];Kinahan, 1859: 132.
Alpheusforceps-White, 1847a: 75 [n.n.].
Acanthonyxelongatus-White, 1847a: 11 [n.n.].
Alpheusgalathea White (in Miers, 1874)-White, 1847a:
Actaea carcharias White, 1848-White, 1847a: 15 [n.n.], 75 [n.n.];Miers, 1874:5,Tab.4,fig. 4.REMARKS: Thename
1848b: 224, 1848c: 284. Alpheus galathea as established by White, 1847a: 75 is a
nomennudum.AlthoughWhitehadpreparedanillustration
Actaea nodulosa White, 1848-White, 1847a: 15 [n.n.], of this alpheid, it was Miers, (1874, Tab. 4, fig. 4), who
1848b: 224, 1848c: 284; Adams & White, 1849: 39, tab. finallypublishedthedrawing.Thereisnowrittendescription
VIII, fig. 4. butthefiguredoesconstituteanindicationmakingthename
validandavailable.Theauthorityforthisspeciesisattributed
Aega edwardsii-White, 1847a: 107 [n.n.]. to White by Miers (1874: 1).
Aega hirta-White, 1847a: 107 [n.n.]. REMARKS: White, Alpheus neptunus-seeAthanasus edwardsii
1847a: 107erroneouslystatesthatthis speciesisfigured (t.
6)intheZoologyoftheErebusandTerror(seeRichardson Alpheus rhode-White, 1847a: 74 [n.n.].
and Gray, 1844-1875).
AlpheusstrenuusMiers, 1874-Miers, 1874:5,Tab.4,fig.
Aegle cythera-White, 1847a: 125 [n.n.]. 2.AlpheusdorisWhite, 1847a:75 [n.n.]. REMARKS:Alpheus
doris isaWhite, 1847a: 75 nomennudum. AlthoughWhite
Albunea microps-White, 1847a: 129 [n.n.]. 1847a: 75 suggests by inserting t.f after the species name
that he is going to figure this species in the Zoology ofthe
Alima aphrodite White, 1847-White, 1847a: 83 [n.n.], ErebusandTerror(seeRichardson& Gray, 1844-1875),it
1847g: 124, 1848a: 226. REMARKS: White, 1847a: 83 was Miers (1874, Tab. 4, fig. 2) that eventually published
erroneouslystatesthatthisspeciesisfiguredintheZoology thefigurecaptionedAlpheusdoris. MiersrevisedthisWhite
ofthe Erebus andTerror (seeRichardsonand Gray, 1844 species, acknowledged that the description of Alpheus
1875). strenuusbyDana[1853], 1852:545,pI. 34,f. 2wasthefirst
available valid name and it took priority.
Alope White, 1847-White, 1847a: 75 [n.n.], 1847g: 123,
1848a: 225. Alpheus thetis White (in Miers, 1874)-White, 1847a: 75
[n.n.]; Miers, 1874: 5, Tab. 4, fig. 7. REMARKS: The name
AlopepalpalisWhite, 1847-White,1847a:75 [nn.], 1847g: AlpheusthetisasestablishedbyWhite, 1847a:75isanomen
124, 1848a: 226; Miers, 1874: 4, Tab. 4, fig. 1. REMARKS: nudum.AlthoughWhitehadpreparedanillustrationofthis
Although White 1847a: 75 suggests by inserting t.f after alpheid,itwasMiers,1874:5,whofinallypublishedit(1874,
thespeciesnamethatheisgoingtofigurethisspeciesinthe Tab. 4, fig. 7) and described the species, making the name
ZoologyoftheErebusandTerror(seeRichardson& Gray, validandavailable.Theauthorityforthisspeciesisattributed
1844-1875),itwasMiers(1874,Tab.4,fig. 1)thateventually to White by Miers (1874: 1).
publishedthe figure.
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THE RAFFLES BULLETIN OF ZOOLOGY2001
Alpheus triton-White, 1847a: 74 [n.n.]. VIII, fig. 3.
Amphitrite argentata-White, 1847a: 126 [n.n.]. AthanasusedwardsiiMiers, 1874-Miers, 1874:4,Tab.4,
fig. 3.Alpheusneptunus-White, 1847a:74[n.n.].REMARKS:
Amphitrite ceto-White, 1847a: 127 [n.n.]. Alpheus neptunus is a nomen nudum. White (1847a: 74)
suggested by inserting t. f after the species name that he
Amphitritephorcys-White, 1847a: 127 [n.n.]. wasgoingtofigurethisspeciesintheZoologyoftheErebus
andTerror(seeRichardson& Gray, 1844-1875).However,
Anilocra trichiura-White, 1847a: 108 [n.n.]. Miers, (1874,Tab.4,fig. 3)eventuallypublishedthefigure
prepared by White and captioned Alpheus neptunus. But
Anisonotus-White, 1847a:97 [n.n.]. REMARKS: Thisgenus Miers (1874: 4) revised this White species, acknowledged
is not valid because the species assigned to the taxon, that the description ofAthanasus edwardsii by Audouin,
Anisonotusfalklandicus by White, 1847a: 97, is a nomen 1826: 91, pI. 10, f. 1was the first available valid name, it
nudum. took priority and he assigned this species to Alpheus.
Anisonotusfalklandicus-White, 1847a: 97 [n.n.]. Callianassa? abdominalis-White, 1847a: 70 [n.n.].
Apseudes? tropicus-White, 1847a: 96 [n.n.]. Callianassa? carinaedorsis-White, 1847a: 70 [n.n.].
Arcania belcheri-White, 1847a: 128 [n.n.]. CallianassaturneranaWhite, 1861-White, 1861a:42,pI.
VI; 1861b: 479.
Arcania laevimana-White, 1847a: 50[n.n.].
Cancer (Galene) dorsalis-see Galene dorsalis
Arctopsis tesselata-White, 1847a: 5 [n.n.].
Caphyra pectenicola-White, 1847a: 54 [n.n.].
Arica-White, 1847a:31 [n.n.]. REMARKS: Thisgenusisnot
valid because the species assigned to the taxon, Arica CaprellacercopoidesWhite, 1852-White,1852:ccvii,fig.
septemdentata by White, 1847a: 31, is anomen nudum. 1.
Arica septemdentata-White, 1847a: 31 [n.n.]. REMARKS: Carpilius cinctimanus White, 1847-White, 1847a: 14
White(1847a: 31)statedthatAseptemdentatawasdescribed [n.n.], 1847e: 336, pI. 2, fig. 3; Adams &White, 1849: 37,
in "Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 1846" but in his personal tab.VII,fig.4.REMARKS:White, 1847a: 14erroneouslystates
annotated copy this statement is crossed out because the that the original indication ofthe species was publishedin
paper does not exist. White, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 1846.
Armadillidium isurum-White, 1847a: 101 [n.n.]. CarpiliussignatusAdams&White, 1849-Adams&White,
1849: 37, tab. X, fig. 1.
Armadillo thoracicus-White, 1847a: 100 [n.n.].
Cenobita compta-White, 1847a: 62 [n.n.].
Asellus australis-White, 1847a: 97 [n.n.].
Cenobita laeviuscula-White, 1847a: 62 [n.n].
Astacus zealandicus-see Paranephrops zealandicus.
Ceratocarcinus Adams & White(inWhite, 1847)-White,
Atelecyclus spinosulus-see Peltarion spinosulum. 1847a: 125 [n.n.], 1847b: 57, 1847c: 61; Adams & White,
1849: 33.
Atergatis asperimanus White, 1848-White, 1847a: 14
[n.n.], 1848b: 224, 1848c: 285. Ceratocarcinus longimanus White, 1847-White, 1847a:
125 [n.n.], 1847b: 57, 1847c: 62; Adams & White, 1849:
AtergatisinsularisAdams& White,1849-Adams& White, 34, tab. VI, fig. 6.
1849: 38, tab. VIII, fig. 2.
Charybdisdura Adams &White, 1849-White, 1847a: 28
Atergatis lateralis White, 1848-White, 1847a: 15 [n.n.], [n.n.]; Adams & White, 1849: 48.
1848b: 225, 1848c: 285; Adams & White, 1849: 39, tab.
VIII, fig. 1. Chlorodius congener-White, 1847a: 125 [n.n.].
Atergatis sinuatifrons White, 1848-White, 1847a: 14 ChlorodiusfragiferWhite, 1848-White, 1847a: 18 [n.n.],
[n.n.], 1848b: 224, 1848c: 284; Adams & White, 1849: 38. 1848b:226, 1848c: 286;Adams&White, 1849:40,tab.XI,
fig. 2.
AtergatissubdivisusWhite, 1848-White,1847a: 14[n.n.],
1848b: 224, 1848c: 284; Adams & White, 1849: 38, tab. ChlorodiushirtipesWhite, 1848-White, 1847a: 18 [n.n.],
155
Clark & Presswell: Adam White: the crustacean years
1848b:226, 1848c:286;Adams&White, 1849:40,tab.XI, Doclea calcitrapa White, 1847-White, 1847a: 4 [n.n.],
fig. 4.
1847b: 56, 1847c: 61, 1861c, pI.2; Adams & White, 1848:
7, t. I, f. 2.
Chlorodius pilumnoides White, 1848-White, 1847a: 18
[n.n.], 1848b: 226, 1848c: 286; Adams & White, 1849: 41, Dorippe armata-White, 1847a: 54 [n.n.].
tab. IX, fig. 3.
Dromia pustulata-White, 1847a: 129 [n.n.].
ChorinusacanthonotusAdams&White(inWhite, 1847)
White, 1847a: 123 [n.n.], 1847g: 119, 1848a: 222; Adams Dromia verrucosipes-White, 1847a: 55 [n.n.].
& White, 1848: 11, Tab. I, Fig. 1.
EchidnocerusWhite, 1842-White, 1842a:36, 1842b:453,
Chorinus verrucosipes Adams & White, 1848-Adams & 1847a: 56 & 1864a: 30. Echinocerus (Lithodes), White,
White, 1848: 13, Tab. 11, Fig. 3. 1848d:48, 1849a:226.Lithodes(Echinocerus), 1855a:307,
1856: 133.REMARKS: Whiteusedtwodifferentspellingsfor
Cirolanarossii-White, 1847a: 106[n.n.]. REMARKS:White, the generic name and although initially attributed generic
1847a: 106erroneouslystatesthatthis speciesisfigured (t. status byhim, he laterassignedEchinocerus to a subgenus
5, f. 9) in the Zoology of the Erebus and Terror (see ofLithodes.
Richardson & Gray, 1844-1875).
Echidnocerus (Lithodes) cibarius-see Lithodes
Cosmonotus Adams & White (in White, 1848)-White, (Echinocerus) cibarius
1847a: 129[n.n.], 1848b:227, 1848c:287;Adams&White,
1849: 60. Echinocerus (Lithodes) cibarius-see Lithodes
(Echinocerus) cibarius
CosmonotusgrayiiWhite, 1848-White, 1847a: 129[n.n.],
1848b:227,fig. unnumbered; 1848c:287,fig. unnumbered; Ephippiphora White, 1847-White, 1847a: 130 [n.n.],
Adams & White, 1849: 60, Tab. XIII, Fig. 3. 1847g: 124, 1848a: 226.
Cryptopodia dorsalis White & Adams (in White, 1847) Ephippiphora kroyeri White, 1847-White, 1847a: 130
White, 1847a: 125 [n.n.], 1847d: 84, 1847f: 205, 1861c,pI. [n.n.], 1847g: 124, 1848a:227.REMARKS: White 1847a: 130
2;Adams& White, 1848:30,tab.6,fig. 5.REMARKS:Adams erroneouslystatesthatthis speciesisfiguredintheZoology
& White 1848: 30 erroneously cite the illustration ofthis ofthe Erebus and Terror (see Richardson & Gray, 1844
species as Tab. 5, Fig. 6insteadoftab. 6,fig. 5andaltered 1875).
the authorship ofthis species to Adams & White.
Eriphia? verrucosa-White, 1847a: 22 [n.n.].
Cryptosoma orientis Adams & White, 1849-Adams &
White, 1849: 62, Tab. XIII, Fig. 4. Etisus phoebe-White, 1847a: 126 [n.n.].
Cyclograpsus marmoratus-White, 1847a: 41 [n.n.]. Etisus occidentalis-White, 1847a: 20 [n.n.].
Cymopoliajukesii White, 1847-White, 1847a: 54 [n.n.], Galathea affinis-White, 1847a: 66 [n.n.].
1847e: 338, pI. 2, fig. 1, 1861c, pI. 2; Miers, 1874: 3, Tab.
3, fig. 4, 4a-c. Galathea elegans-White, 1847a: 66 [n.n.].
Cymothoa aegoides-White, 1847a: 110 [n.n.]. REMARKS: GalatheasubrugosaWhite(inMiers, 1874)-White, 1847a:
White, 1847a: 110erroneouslystatesthatthisspeciesiscited 66 [n.n.]; Miers, 1874:3,Tab. 3, fig. 2. REMARKS: Although
intheZoologyoftheErebusandTerror(seeRichardson& White 1847a: 66 appeared to suggest that he was going to
Gray, 1847-1875). figurethisspeciesinZoologyoftheErebusandTerror, (see
Richardson & Gray, 1844-1875), it was Miers (1874, Tab.
Cymothoa approximans-White, 1847a: 110 [n.n.]. 3,fig. 2.)thatpublishedtheprepareddrawing, describedG.
subrugosa and assigned (1874: 3) the species to Munida.
Cymothoa contracta-White, 1847a: 110 [n.n.]. REMARKS: Miers (1874: 1) attributed the species to White.
White, 1847a: 110 erroneously states that this species is
figured (t. 6, f.) in the Zoology ofthe Erebus and Terror Galene dorsalis (White, 1849)-Cancer(Galene) dorsalis
(see Richardson & Gray, 1844-1875). White, 1849b: 144, pI. 6; 1849c: 381.Galene dorsalis
White, 1861c, pI. 2.
Cymothoa novae-zealandiae-White, 1847a: 110 [n.n.].
REMARKS: White (1847a: 110) erroneously states that this Galene?panopeoides-White, 1847a: 18 [n.n.].
species is figured (t. 6) in the Zoology ofthe Erebus and
Terror (see Richardson & Gray, 1844-1875). Gammarus zete-White, 1847a: 89 [n.n.].
156
THE RAFFLES BULLETIN OF ZOOLOGY 2001
Gebia hirtifrons White, 1847-White, 1847a: 71 [n.n.]; Hymenosoma by White (l846c: 178) but later he (l847a:
1847g: 122; 1848a: 225; Miers, 1874: 4, Tab. 3, fig. 5, 5a. 33) established it as a genus.
REMARKS: AlthoughWhite 1847a: 71 suggestedthathe was
goingtofigurethisspeciesintheZoologyoftheErebusand Harrovia Adams & White, 1849-White, 1847a: 51 [n.n.];
Terror (see Richardson & Gray, 1844-1875), it was Miers Adams & White, 1849: 55. REMARKS: Theestablishmentof
(1874:4,Tab.3,fig. 5,5a)thatpublishedthepreparedfigure. HarroviabyWhite(l847a: 51)wasbasedonthespeciesH.
albo-lineata White, 1846, and White (l847a: 51) cites the
Gelasimus bellatrix-White, 1847a: 128 [n.n.]. indicationasWhite,Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 1846.Thispaper
does not exist in the literature, consequently the genus
Gelasimus bellatorWhite, 1847-White, 1847a: 36 [n.n.], (White, 1847a)andspecies(White, 1846)arenominanuda.
1847d: 84, 1847f: 205; Adams & White, 1849:49. ThefirstavailableindicationofHarroviaisAdams& White,
1849: 55.
GelasimuscrassipesWhite, 1847-White,1847a:36[n.n.],
1847d: 84, 1847f: 205; Adams & White, 1849: 49. Harrovia albo-lineata Adams & White, 1849-White,
1847a: 51 [n.n.].
Gelasimus cultrimanus White, 1847-White, 1847a: 35 Adams& White, 1849:56,Tab.XII,Fig.5.REMARKS:White
[n.n.], 1847d: 84, 1847f: 205; Adams & White, 1849: 49. 1847a: 51 erroneouslyrefers the description ofthis species
to Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 1846. The first available
Gelasimus forcipatus Adams & White, 1849-White, description ofthis species is Adams & White, 1849: 56.
1847a: 36 [n.n.]; Adams & White, 1849: 50.
Hippolyte lygdamis-White, 1847a: 76 [n.n.].
Gelasimus porcellanus White, 1847-White, 1847a: 36
[n.n.], 1847d: 85, 1847f: 206; Adams & White, 1849: 50 Hippolyte metis-White, 1847a: 76 [n.n.].
Gelasimus robustus-White, 1847a: 36 [n.n.]. Huenia dehaanii White, 1848-White, 1847a: 10 [n.n.],
1848b: 223, 1848c: 283.
Gelasimus tenuimanus-White, 1847a: 35 [n.n.].
Huenia frontalis White, 1848-White, 1847a: 10 [n.n.],
Gonatonotus Adams & White (in White, 1847)-White, 1848b: 223, 1848c: 283; Adams & White, 1848: 20, Tab.
1847a: 125 [n.n.], 1847b: 57, 1847c: 62; Adams & White, IV, Fig. 3. REMARKS: Adams & White, 1848: 20 [July]
1848: 32. attribute the authority incorrectly to themselves, but the
description by White, 1848b: 223 [March] takes priority.
GonatonotuspentagonusWhite, 1847-White, 1847a: 125
[n.n.], 1847b:58, 1847c:62;Adams& White, 1849:33,tab. Huenia proteus de Haan var. teniupes Adams & White,
VI, fig. 7. 1848-Adams & White, 1848: 22, tab. 4, fig. 5.
GonodactyluscultriferWhite, 1851-White, 1851a:96,pI. Hyas bufonius-White, 1847a: 6 [n.n.].
XVI, fig. 1,2, 1851b: 422.
HyastenusWhite, 1847-White,1847a:6[n.n.], 1847b:56,
Gonodactylus graphurus-White, 1847a: 85 [n.n.]. 1847c: 61; Adams & White, 1848: 11.
GonodactylusgueriniiWhite, 1861-White, 1861a:43, pI. Hyastenus sebae White, 1847-White, 1847a: 6 [n.n.],
VII, 1861b: 480. 1847b: 57, 1847c: 61; Adams & White, 1848: 11.
Gonodactylus trispinosus-White, 1847a: 85 [n.n.]. Idotea compacta-White, 1847a: 95 [n.n.].
REMARKS: White (1847a: 85) erroneously states that this
speciesisfigured (t.5,f.2) intheZoologyoftheErebusand Idotea elongata-White, 1847a:95 [n.n.]. REMARKS: White
Terror (see Richardson & Gray, 1844-1875). (l847a: 95)erroneouslystatesthatthisspeciesisfigured (t.
5, f. 7) in the Zoology of the Erebus and Terror (see
Grapsusfluvicola-White, 1847a: 39 [n.n.]. Richardson & Gray, 1844-1875).
Grapsus latifrons White, 1847-White, 1847a: 40 [n.n.]; Idotea lobata-White, 1847a: 95 [n.n.].
1847e: 337, pI. 2, fig. 2.
Inachuslorina Adams& White, 1848-White, 1847a: 123
GrapsusstrigilatusWhite, 1842-White, 1842c:78;White [n.n.]; Adams & White, 1848: 3, Tab. 11, f. 2.
& Doubleday, 1843: 265.
Iphiculus Adams& White, 1849-White, 1847a:51 [n.n.];
Halicarcinus White, 1847-Hymenosoma (Halicarcinus) Adams & White, 1849: 57.
White, 1846c: 178;White, 1847a: 33. REMARKS: Originally
this taxon was afforded subgeneric status within Iphiculus spongiosus Adams & White, 1849-White,
157
Clark & Presswell: Adam White: the crustacean years
1847a: 51 [n.n.]; Adams & White, 1849: 57. [n.n.]; Adams & White, 1849: 45.
IphisnovemspinosaAdams& White, 1849-White, 1847a: LissocarcinuspolybioidesAdams& White, 1849-Portunus
51 [n.n.]; Adams & White, 1849: 56, Tab. XIII, Fig. 1.
polybioides White, 1847a: 25 [n.n.].-Lissocarcinus
polybioidesWhite, 1847a: 126[n.n.];Adams&White, 1849:
Ixa megaspis Adams & White, 1849-White, 1847a: 129 46, Tab. XI, fig. 5. REMARKS: OriginallyWhite (l847a: 25)
[n.n.]; Adams & White, 1849: 55, Tab. XII, Fig. 1. assigned this species to Portunus butlaterin his catalogue
(l847a: 126) he assigned this species to a new genus
Jaera gigantea-White, 1847a: 97 [n.n.]. Lissocarcinus. Howeverthe new combinationonly became
availablewhentheZoologyoftheSamarangwaspublished.
Lambrus crenatus-White, 1847a: 12 [n.n.].
Lithodes (Echinocerus) cibarius (White, 1842)
LambrusharpaxAdams& White, 1848-Adams& White, EchidnoceruscibariusWhite, 1842a:36, 1842b:453, 1847a:
1848: 25, Tab. VI, Fig. 3.
56 & 1864a: 30.-Echinocerus (Lithodes) cibarius White,
1848d: 48, 1849a: 226.-Lithodes (Echinocerus) cibarius,
Lambrus hoplonotus Adams & White, 1849-Adams & White, 1855a: 307; 1856: 133.
White, 1849: 35, tab. VII, fig. 3; White, 1861c, pI. 2.
Lithodes (Petalocerus) White, 1855-White, 1855a: 307;
Lambrus lamellifrons Adams & White, 1848-Adams & 1856: 133.
White, 1848: 26, Tab. V, Fig. 1.
Lithodes (Petalocerus) bellianus White, 1855-White,
LambruslamelligerWhite, 1847-White, 1847a: 12[n.n.], 1855a: 307, 1856: 134, PI. XLII, figs 1-7.
1847b: 58, 1847c: 63.
Lupocyclus Adams & White, 1849-White, 1847a: 127
Lambrus lupoides-White, 1847a: 12 [n.n.]. [n.n.]; Adams & White, 1849: 46.
Lambruspisoides Adams & White, 1848-White, 1847a: Lupocyclus rotundatus Adams & White, 1849-White,
12 [n.n.]; Adams & White, 1848: 28, Tab. V, Fig. 4. 1847a: 127 [n.n.];
Adams & White, 1849: 47, tab. XII, fig. 4.
Lambrus rapax-White, 1847a: 124 [n.n.].
Lygia dubia-White, 1847a: 98 [n.n.].
Lambrus segnis-White, 1847a: 124 [n.n.].
Macrophthalmusdefinitus Adams&White, 1849-White,
Lambrus turriger White, 1847-White, 1847a: 12 [n.n.], 1847a: 37 [n.n.]; Adams & White, 1849: 51.
1847b: 58, 1847c: 63; Adams & White, 1848: 26, tab. V,
fig. 2. Macrophthalmus serratus Adams & White, 1849-White,
1847a: 37 [n.n.]; Adams & White, 1849: 51.
Leucosia cumingii-White, 1847a: 48 [n.n.].
MenaethiusporcellusWhite, 1848-Menaethiusporcellus
Leucosiahaematosticta Adams &White, 1849-Leucosia White, 1847a: 10 [n.n.].-Menoethius porcellus White,
haematosticta White, 1847a: 128 [n.n.].-Leucosia 1848b: 224; 1848c: 284.-Menaethiusporcellus Adams &
hoematosticta Adams & White, 1849: 54.-Leucosia White, 1848: 19.REMARKS: Adams& White, 1848: 19[July]
haematosticta Adams & White, 1849, Tab. XII, fig. 2. attribute the authority incorrectly to themselves, but the
REMARKS: The spelling ofthe species epithet is a problem descriptionbyWhite, 1848b: 224 [March] takespriority.In
because in the original description reference (Adams & the original description the spelling ofthe genus name is a
White, 1849:54)ismadetobloodredspotsonthefore-legs tyopographical error.
andabloodredbandonthehindslegs.Thereforethespecies
nameshouldperhapsbeLeucosiahaematostictaasreferred Menaethius tuberculatus Adams & White, 1848-White,
to in White's (l847a: 128) catalogue and the caption of 1847a: 10 [n.n.];
Adams & White, 1849, Tab.XII. Adams & White, 1848: 19.
Leucosia hestia-White, 1847a: 128 [n.n.]. Menaethius subserratus Adams & White, 1848-White,
1847a: 10 [n.n.];
Leucosia marmorea-White, 1847a: 48 [n.n.]. Adams & White, 1848: 18, Tab. IV, Fig. 1, 2.
Leucosia obscura-White, 1847a: 48 [n.n.]. Menippe? cumingii-White, 1847a: 19 [n.n.].
Leucosiaphyllocheira-White, 1847a: 48 [n.n.]. Menippe signata-White, 1847a: 19 [n.n.].
Lissocarcinus Adams & White, 1849-White, 1847a: 126 MicippabicarinataAdams& White, 1848-White, 1847a:
158