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Acute Coronary Care 1987 PDF

368 Pages·1986·10.18 MB·English
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ACUTE CORONARY CARE 1987 ACUTE CORONARY CARE 1987 edited by Robert M. Califf and Galen S. Wagner Duke University Medical Center Durham, North Carolina ~ Martinus Nijhoff Publishing " a member 0/ the Kluwer Academic Publishers Group Boston/DordrechtiLancaster Distributors for North America: Kluwer Academic Publishers 101 Philip Drive Assinippi Park Norwell, MA 02601, USA Distributors for the UK and Ireland: Kluwer Academic Publishers MTP Press Limited Falcon House, Queen Square Lancaster LAI lRN, UNITED KINGDOM Distributors for all other countries: Kluwer Academic Publishers Group Distribution Centre Post Office Box 322 3300 AH Dordrecht, THE NETHERLANDS ISSN 0884-6863 ISBN-13: 978-1-4612-9435-1 e-ISBN-13: 978-1-4613-2337-2 DOl: 10.1007/978-1-4613-2337-2 Copyright © 1987 by Martinus Nijhoff Publishing, Boston Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1987 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher, Martinus Nijhoff Publishing, 101 Philip Drive, Assinippi Park, Norwell, MA 02061. This book is dedicated to Wanda Bride who has been Acute Coronary Care at Duke for the past 15 years. She has taught the principles of caring for the patient and has been the role model to a generation of nurses and house officers and to both of us. CONTENTS CONTRIBUTORS x PREFACE I. CORONARY CARE: THE PRE-HOSPITAL PHASE 1. Automatic Detection of Ventricular Fibrillation/Defibrillation 3 (A. A. Jennifer Adgey and John Anderson) 2. Helicopter Transport of Patients with Acute Ischemic Syndromes 19 (Raye L. Bellinger, Rita Weber and Robert M. Califf) 3. Medico-legal Principles of Emergency and Intensive Medical Care 37 (M. Lee Cheney and Daniel B. Mark) II. CORONARY CARE: THE POST-ADMISSION PHASE 4. Effects of Lidocaine on Ventricular Fibrillation, Asystole, and Early Death in Patients with Suspected Acute Myocardial Infarction 51 (Stephen MacMahon and Salim Yusuf) 5. Intravenous Beta Blocker Therapy for Acute Myocardial Infarction 61 (Robin M. Norris and Michael A. Brown) 6. The Role of Tissue Plasminogen Activator in Myocardial Infarction 73 (Eric J. Topol and Robert M. Califf) 7. The Use of Confidence Profiles to Assess Tissue-type Plasminogen Activator 89 (David M. Eddy) III. CORONARY CARE: THE CORONARY CARE UNIT PHASE 8. Preparation of the Nurse for Coronary Care in the 80's 113 (Rachel Z. Booth and Wanda M. Bride) 9. ST Segment Changes During Early Myocardial Infarction 125 (Mitchell W. Krucoff, Lowell F. Satler, Curtis E. Green, Charles E. Rackley and Kenneth M. Kent) viii 10. A New Method for Electrocardiographic Monitoring 165 (Isabelle M. Adams and David W. Mortara) 11. Computerized Quantitative Electrocardiography: Potential Roles in Evaluating the Cardiac Patient 177 (James E. Pope, Nancy B. Hindman, John H. Edmonds and W. Kenneth Haisty, Jr.) 12. External Transthoracic Pacing in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction 191 (Seth J. Worley and Wanda M. Bride) 13. Use of the Intra-aortic Balloon Pump in Unstable Angina 203 (George S. Tyson, J. Scott Rankin and Robert M. Califf) 14. Criteria for Transfer from the Coronary Care Unit 215 (Edwin P. Bounous, Jr.) 15. Prognosis, Treatment and Special Concerns of Older Patients Following Acute Myocardial Infarction 227 (Sebastian T. Palmeri) IV. CORONARY CARE: THE PRE-DISCHARGE PHASE 247 16. Risk Stratification Post Myocardial Infarction (Robert F. DeBusk) 17. Left Ventricular Volume Changes Following Acute Myocardial Infarction 257 (Richmond W. Jeremy and Phillip J. Harris) 18. Use of the Echocardiogram for Identifying Infarct Expansion 265 (Paolo N. Marino and James L. Weiss) 19. Ventricular Arrhythmias after Acute Myocardial Infarction: Consideration of Arrhythmia Frequency, Complexity and Variability in Assessing Risk of Sudden Cardiac Death 281 (Craig M. Pratt and Robert Roberts) 20. The Role of the Signal Averaged Electrocardiogram in Predicting Post Infarction Ventricular Tachycardia and Sudden Death 293 (Seth J. Worley) 21. The Role of Electrophysiologic Testing in the Post-myocardial Infarction Patients 309 (Denis Roy) ix V. CORONARY CARE: THE CONVALESCENT PHASE 22. The Use of Exercise Cross-sectional Echocardiography and Exercise Doppler Echocardiography for the Assessment of Coronary Disease 323 (James A. Heinsimer and Marilyn Burkman) 23. The Management of Q-wave versus Non-Q-wave Infarction 339 (Robert Roberts and Craig M. Pratt) 24. Current Status of Calcium Channel Blockers After Myocardial Infarction 353 (Arthur J. Moss) INDEX 361 x CONTRIBUTORS ISABELLE M. ADAMS, M.S., Mortara Instrument, Inc., 8501 West Tower Avenue, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53223 A. A. JENNIFER ADGEY, M.D., Regional Medical Cardiology Centre, Royal Victoria Hospital, Grosvener Road, Belfast, BT12 6BA N. IRELAND JOHN ANDERSON, M. Phil., Regional Medical Cardiology Centre, Royal Victoria Hospital, Grosvener Road, Belfast, BT12 6BA N. IRELAND RAYE L. BELLINGER, M.D., Department of Medicine, Box 31147, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710 RACHEL Z. BOOTH, Ph.D., Department of Nursing, Box 3714, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710 EDWIN P. BOUNOUS, Jr., M.D., Department of Medicine, Box 31055, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710 WANDA M. BRIDE, R.N., Cardiac Intensive Care Unit, 7200 Hospital North, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710 MICHAEL A. BROWN, Coronary Care Unit, Green Lane Hospital, Green Lane West, Aukland, 3, NEW ZEALAND MARILYN BURKMAN, B.S., R.D.M.S., Department of Medicine, Veterans Administration Medical Center, 508 Fulton Street, Durham, North Carolina 27705 ROBERT M. CALIFF, M.D., Department of Medicine, Box 31123, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710 M. LEE CHENEY, J.D., Hurt, Richardson, Garner, Todd and Cadenhead, 1100 Peachtree Center Harris Tower, 233 Peachtree Street, N.E., Atlanta, Geo rg i a 30043 ROBERT F. DEBUSK, M.D., Cardiac Rehabilitation Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, 730 Welch Road, Suite B, Palo Alto, California 94304 DAVID M. EDDY, M.D., Ph.D., Center for Health Policy Research and Education, P. O. Box GM, Duke Station, Duke University, Durham, North Carol ina 27706 JOHN H. EDMONDS, M.D., Cardiology Section, Department of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Bowman Gray School of Medicine, 300 South Hawthorne Road, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27103 xi CURTIS E. GREEN, M.D., Cardiology Section, Department of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Bowman Gray School of Medicine, 300 South Hawthorne Road, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27103 W. KENNETH HAISTY, Jr., M.D., Cardiology Section, Department of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Bowman Gray School of Medicine, 300 South Hawthorne Road, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27103 PHILLIP J. HARRIS, M.B., Clinical Cardiology, Hallstrom Institute of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Missenden Road, Camperdown NSW 2050, AUSTRALIA JAMES A. HEINSIMER, M.D., Noninvasive Cardiology Laboratory, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Harper Hospital, 3990 John R. Street, Detroit, Michigan 48201 NANCY B. HINDMAN, B.A., Department of Medicine, Box 31211, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710 RICHMOND W. JEREMY, M. D., Cl i ni ca 1 Cardi 01 ogy, Hallstrom Insti tute of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Missenden Road, Camperdown, NSW 2050 AUSTRALIA KENNETH M. KENT, M.D., Division of Cardiology, Georgetown University Hospital, 3800 Reservoir Road, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20007 MITCHELL W. KRUCOFF, M.D., Division of Cardiology, Georgetown University Hospital, 3800 Reservoir Road, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20007 STEPHEN MACMAHON, Ph.D., Clinical Trials Branch, Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Applications, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Federal Building, Room 216, 7550 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 PAOLO N. MARINO, M.D., Division of Cardiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21205 DANIEL B. i-lARK, M.D., Department of Medicine, Box 3485, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710 DAVID W. MORTARA, Ph.D., Mortara Instrument, Inc., 8501 West Tower Avenue, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53223 ARTHUR J. MOSS, M.D., Department of Medicine, Box 653, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, New York 14642 ROBIN M. NORRIS, M.D., Coronary Care Unit, Green Lane Hospital, Green Lane West, Aukland, 3, NEW ZEALAND xii SEBASTIAN T. PALMERI, M.D., Yale University School of Medicine and Cardiology Division, St. Vincent's Medical Center, 2800 Main Street, Bridgeport, Connecticut 06606 JAMES E. POPE, M.D., Cardiology Section, Department of Medicine, Wake Forest Uni vers ity, Bowman Gray School of Medi ci ne, 300 South Hawthorne Road, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27103 CRAIG M. PRATT, M.D., Section of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine and The Methodist Hospital, 6535 Fannin, MS F-1001, Houston, Texas 77030 CHARLES E. RACKLEY, M.D., Division of Cardiology, Georgetown University Hospital, 3800 Reservoir Road, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20007 J. SCOTT RANKIN, M.D., Department of Surgery, Box- 3851, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710 ROBERT ROBERTS, M.D., Section of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine and The Methodist Hospital, 6535 Fannin, MS F-905, Houston, Texas 77030 DENIS ROY, M.D., Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 East Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec HIT 1C8 CANADA LOWELL F. SATLER, M.D., Division of Cardiology, Georgetown University Hospital, 3800 Reservoir Road, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20007 ERIC J. TOPOL, M.D., Cardiology Division, University of Michigan Medical Center, B1F221AGH, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0022 GEORGE S. TYSON, M.D., Department of Surgery, Box 3505, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710 RITA WEBER, R.N., M.S., LIFEFLIGHT, Box 3520, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710 JAMES L. WEISS, M.D., Division of Cardiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21205 SETH J. WORLEY, M.D., Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street, S.W., Rochester, Minnesota 55905 SALIM YUSUF, M.B., Clinical Trials Branch, Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Applications, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Federal Building, Room 216, 7550 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, Maryland 20892

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