Acute Coronary Care 1987

368 Pages·1986·10.18 MB·English

by  A. A. Jennifer Adgey, John Anderson (auth.), Robert M. Califf M.D., Galen S. Wagner (eds.)

ACUTE CORONARY CARE 1987
ACUTE
CORONARY CARE
1987
edited by
Robert M. Califf
and
Galen S. Wagner
Duke University Medical Center
Durham, North Carolina
~
Martinus Nijhoff Publishing
"
a member 0/ the Kluwer Academic Publishers Group
Boston/DordrechtiLancaster
Distributors for North America:
Kluwer Academic Publishers
101 Philip Drive
Assinippi Park
Norwell, MA 02601, USA
Distributors for the UK and Ireland:
Kluwer Academic Publishers
MTP Press Limited
Falcon House, Queen Square
Lancaster LAI lRN, UNITED KINGDOM
Distributors for all other countries:
Kluwer Academic Publishers Group
Distribution Centre
Post Office Box 322
3300 AH Dordrecht, THE NETHERLANDS
ISSN 0884-6863
ISBN-13: 978-1-4612-9435-1 e-ISBN-13: 978-1-4613-2337-2
DOl: 10.1007/978-1-4613-2337-2
Copyright © 1987 by Martinus Nijhoff Publishing, Boston
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1987
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted in any form or by any means, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise,
without the prior written permission of the publisher, Martinus Nijhoff Publishing, 101 Philip
Drive, Assinippi Park, Norwell, MA 02061.
This book is dedicated
to Wanda Bride
who has been
Acute Coronary Care at Duke
for the past 15 years.
She has taught the principles of
caring for the patient and has been
the role model to a generation of
nurses and house officers
and to both of us.
CONTENTS
CONTRIBUTORS x
PREFACE
I. CORONARY CARE: THE PRE-HOSPITAL PHASE
1. Automatic Detection of Ventricular Fibrillation/Defibrillation 3
(A. A. Jennifer Adgey and John Anderson)
2. Helicopter Transport of Patients with Acute Ischemic Syndromes 19
(Raye L. Bellinger, Rita Weber and Robert M. Califf)
3. Medico-legal Principles of Emergency and Intensive Medical
Care 37
(M. Lee Cheney and Daniel B. Mark)
II. CORONARY CARE: THE POST-ADMISSION PHASE
4. Effects of Lidocaine on Ventricular Fibrillation, Asystole,
and Early Death in Patients with Suspected Acute Myocardial
Infarction 51
(Stephen MacMahon and Salim Yusuf)
5. Intravenous Beta Blocker Therapy for Acute Myocardial
Infarction 61
(Robin M. Norris and Michael A. Brown)
6. The Role of Tissue Plasminogen Activator in Myocardial
Infarction 73
(Eric J. Topol and Robert M. Califf)
7. The Use of Confidence Profiles to Assess Tissue-type
Plasminogen Activator 89
(David M. Eddy)
III. CORONARY CARE: THE CORONARY CARE UNIT PHASE
8. Preparation of the Nurse for Coronary Care in the 80's 113
(Rachel Z. Booth and Wanda M. Bride)
9. ST Segment Changes During Early Myocardial Infarction 125
(Mitchell W. Krucoff, Lowell F. Satler, Curtis E. Green,
Charles E. Rackley and Kenneth M. Kent)
viii
10. A New Method for Electrocardiographic Monitoring 165
(Isabelle M. Adams and David W. Mortara)
11. Computerized Quantitative Electrocardiography: Potential
Roles in Evaluating the Cardiac Patient 177
(James E. Pope, Nancy B. Hindman, John H. Edmonds and
W. Kenneth Haisty, Jr.)
12. External Transthoracic Pacing in Patients with Acute
Myocardial Infarction 191
(Seth J. Worley and Wanda M. Bride)
13. Use of the Intra-aortic Balloon Pump in Unstable Angina 203
(George S. Tyson, J. Scott Rankin and Robert M. Califf)
14. Criteria for Transfer from the Coronary Care Unit 215
(Edwin P. Bounous, Jr.)
15. Prognosis, Treatment and Special Concerns of Older Patients
Following Acute Myocardial Infarction 227
(Sebastian T. Palmeri)
IV. CORONARY CARE: THE PRE-DISCHARGE PHASE
247
16. Risk Stratification Post Myocardial Infarction
(Robert F. DeBusk)
17. Left Ventricular Volume Changes Following Acute Myocardial
Infarction 257
(Richmond W. Jeremy and Phillip J. Harris)
18. Use of the Echocardiogram for Identifying Infarct Expansion 265
(Paolo N. Marino and James L. Weiss)
19. Ventricular Arrhythmias after Acute Myocardial Infarction:
Consideration of Arrhythmia Frequency, Complexity and
Variability in Assessing Risk of Sudden Cardiac Death 281
(Craig M. Pratt and Robert Roberts)
20. The Role of the Signal Averaged Electrocardiogram in
Predicting Post Infarction Ventricular Tachycardia and
Sudden Death 293
(Seth J. Worley)
21. The Role of Electrophysiologic Testing in the Post-myocardial
Infarction Patients 309
(Denis Roy)
ix
V. CORONARY CARE: THE CONVALESCENT PHASE
22. The Use of Exercise Cross-sectional Echocardiography and
Exercise Doppler Echocardiography for the Assessment of
Coronary Disease 323
(James A. Heinsimer and Marilyn Burkman)
23. The Management of Q-wave versus Non-Q-wave Infarction 339
(Robert Roberts and Craig M. Pratt)
24. Current Status of Calcium Channel Blockers After Myocardial
Infarction 353
(Arthur J. Moss)
INDEX 361
x
CONTRIBUTORS
ISABELLE M. ADAMS, M.S., Mortara Instrument, Inc., 8501 West Tower
Avenue, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53223
A. A. JENNIFER ADGEY, M.D., Regional Medical Cardiology Centre, Royal
Victoria Hospital, Grosvener Road, Belfast, BT12 6BA N. IRELAND
JOHN ANDERSON, M. Phil., Regional Medical Cardiology Centre, Royal
Victoria Hospital, Grosvener Road, Belfast, BT12 6BA N. IRELAND
RAYE L. BELLINGER, M.D., Department of Medicine, Box 31147, Duke
University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
RACHEL Z. BOOTH, Ph.D., Department of Nursing, Box 3714, Duke University
Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
EDWIN P. BOUNOUS, Jr., M.D., Department of Medicine, Box 31055, Duke
University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
WANDA M. BRIDE, R.N., Cardiac Intensive Care Unit, 7200 Hospital North,
Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
MICHAEL A. BROWN, Coronary Care Unit, Green Lane Hospital, Green Lane
West, Aukland, 3, NEW ZEALAND
MARILYN BURKMAN, B.S., R.D.M.S., Department of Medicine, Veterans
Administration Medical Center, 508 Fulton Street, Durham, North Carolina
27705
ROBERT M. CALIFF, M.D., Department of Medicine, Box 31123, Duke
University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
M. LEE CHENEY, J.D., Hurt, Richardson, Garner, Todd and Cadenhead, 1100
Peachtree Center Harris Tower, 233 Peachtree Street, N.E., Atlanta,
Geo rg i a 30043
ROBERT F. DEBUSK, M.D., Cardiac Rehabilitation Program, Stanford
University School of Medicine, 730 Welch Road, Suite B, Palo Alto,
California 94304
DAVID M. EDDY, M.D., Ph.D., Center for Health Policy Research and
Education, P. O. Box GM, Duke Station, Duke University, Durham, North
Carol ina 27706
JOHN H. EDMONDS, M.D., Cardiology Section, Department of Medicine, Wake
Forest University, Bowman Gray School of Medicine, 300 South Hawthorne
Road, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27103
xi
CURTIS E. GREEN, M.D., Cardiology Section, Department of Medicine, Wake
Forest University, Bowman Gray School of Medicine, 300 South Hawthorne
Road, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27103
W. KENNETH HAISTY, Jr., M.D., Cardiology Section, Department of Medicine,
Wake Forest University, Bowman Gray School of Medicine, 300 South
Hawthorne Road, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27103
PHILLIP J. HARRIS, M.B., Clinical Cardiology, Hallstrom Institute of
Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Missenden Road, Camperdown NSW
2050, AUSTRALIA
JAMES A. HEINSIMER, M.D., Noninvasive Cardiology Laboratory, Wayne State
University School of Medicine, Harper Hospital, 3990 John R. Street,
Detroit, Michigan 48201
NANCY B. HINDMAN, B.A., Department of Medicine, Box 31211, Duke
University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
RICHMOND W. JEREMY, M. D., Cl i ni ca 1 Cardi 01 ogy, Hallstrom Insti tute of
Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Missenden Road, Camperdown, NSW
2050 AUSTRALIA
KENNETH M. KENT, M.D., Division of Cardiology, Georgetown University
Hospital, 3800 Reservoir Road, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20007
MITCHELL W. KRUCOFF, M.D., Division of Cardiology, Georgetown University
Hospital, 3800 Reservoir Road, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20007
STEPHEN MACMAHON, Ph.D., Clinical Trials Branch, Division of Epidemiology
and Clinical Applications, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute,
Federal Building, Room 216, 7550 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, Maryland
20892
PAOLO N. MARINO, M.D., Division of Cardiology, The Johns Hopkins
University School of Medicine, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore,
Maryland 21205
DANIEL B. i-lARK, M.D., Department of Medicine, Box 3485, Duke University
Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
DAVID W. MORTARA, Ph.D., Mortara Instrument, Inc., 8501 West Tower
Avenue, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53223
ARTHUR J. MOSS, M.D., Department of Medicine, Box 653, University of
Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Avenue,
Rochester, New York 14642
ROBIN M. NORRIS, M.D., Coronary Care Unit, Green Lane Hospital, Green
Lane West, Aukland, 3, NEW ZEALAND
xii
SEBASTIAN T. PALMERI, M.D., Yale University School of Medicine and
Cardiology Division, St. Vincent's Medical Center, 2800 Main Street,
Bridgeport, Connecticut 06606
JAMES E. POPE, M.D., Cardiology Section, Department of Medicine, Wake
Forest Uni vers ity, Bowman Gray School of Medi ci ne, 300 South Hawthorne
Road, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27103
CRAIG M. PRATT, M.D., Section of Cardiology, Department of Internal
Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine and The Methodist Hospital, 6535
Fannin, MS F-1001, Houston, Texas 77030
CHARLES E. RACKLEY, M.D., Division of Cardiology, Georgetown University
Hospital, 3800 Reservoir Road, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20007
J. SCOTT RANKIN, M.D., Department of Surgery, Box- 3851, Duke University
Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
ROBERT ROBERTS, M.D., Section of Cardiology, Department of Internal
Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine and The Methodist Hospital, 6535
Fannin, MS F-905, Houston, Texas 77030
DENIS ROY, M.D., Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 East Belanger Street,
Montreal, Quebec HIT 1C8 CANADA
LOWELL F. SATLER, M.D., Division of Cardiology, Georgetown University
Hospital, 3800 Reservoir Road, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20007
ERIC J. TOPOL, M.D., Cardiology Division, University of Michigan Medical
Center, B1F221AGH, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, Michigan
48109-0022
GEORGE S. TYSON, M.D., Department of Surgery, Box 3505, Duke University
Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
RITA WEBER, R.N., M.S., LIFEFLIGHT, Box 3520, Duke University Medical
Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
JAMES L. WEISS, M.D., Division of Cardiology, The Johns Hopkins
University School of Medicine, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore,
Maryland 21205
SETH J. WORLEY, M.D., Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Mayo Clinic,
200 First Street, S.W., Rochester, Minnesota 55905
SALIM YUSUF, M.B., Clinical Trials Branch, Division of Epidemiology and
Clinical Applications, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Federal
Building, Room 216, 7550 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, Maryland 20892