Activated Carbon Fiber and Textiles

347 Pages·2016·16.539 MB·English

by  Jonathan Y Chen

Activated Carbon Fiber and Textiles
The Textile Institute and Woodhead Publishing
TheTextileInstituteisauniqueorganisationintextiles,clothingandfootwear.Incorporatedin
EnglandbyaRoyalChartergrantedin1925,theInstitutehasindividualandcorporatemembers
inover90countries.TheaimoftheInstituteistofacilitatelearning,recogniseachievement,
rewardexcellenceanddisseminateinformationwithintheglobaltextiles,clothingandfootwear
industries.
Historically,TheTextileInstitutehaspublishedbooksofinteresttoitsmembersandthetextile
industry.Tomaintainthispolicy,theInstitutehasenteredintopartnershipwithWoodheadPub-
lishingLimitedtoensurethatInstitutemembersandthetextileindustrycontinuetohaveaccess
tohighcalibretitlesontextilescienceandtechnology.
MostWoodheadtitlesontextilesarenowpublishedincollaborationwithTheTextileInstitute.
Throughthisarrangement,theInstituteprovidesanEditorialBoardwhichadvisesWoodhead
onappropriatetitlesforfuturepublicationandsuggestspossibleeditorsandauthorsforthese
books.EachbookpublishedunderthisarrangementcarriestheInstitute’slogo.
WoodheadbookspublishedincollaborationwithTheTextileInstituteareofferedtoTextile
Institute members at a substantial discount. These books, together with those published by
The Textile Institutethat arestill inprint,are offeredontheElsevier website at http://store.
elsevier.com/.TextileInstitutebooksstillinprintarealsoavailabledirectlyfromtheInstitute’s
websiteatwww.textileinstitutebooks.com.
A list of Woodhead books on textile science and technology, most of which have been
publishedincollaborationwithTheTextileInstitute,canbefoundtowardstheendofthecon-
tentspages.
Related titles
ElectrospunNanofibers
(ISBN978-0-08100-907-9)
GarmentManufacturingTechnology
(ISBN978-1-78242-232-7)
HighPerformanceTextilesandTheirApplications
(ISBN978-1-84569-180-6)
Woodhead Publishing Series in Textiles:
Number 189
Activated Carbon Fiber
and Textiles
Edited by
Jonathan Y. Chen
AMSTERDAM(cid:129)BOSTON(cid:129)CAMBRIDGE (cid:129)HEIDELBERG
LONDON (cid:129)NEWYORK(cid:129)OXFORD(cid:129)PARIS(cid:129)SANDIEGO
SANFRANCISCO(cid:129)SINGAPORE(cid:129)SYDNEY(cid:129)TOKYO
Woodhead Publishing is an imprint of Elsevier
PublishedbyWoodheadPublishinginassociationwithTheTextileInstitute
WoodheadPublishingisanimprintofElsevier
TheOfficers’MessBusinessCentre,RoystonRoad,Duxford,CB224QH,UK
50HampshireStreet,5thFloor,Cambridge,MA02139,USA
TheBoulevard,LangfordLane,Kidlington,OX51GB,UK
Copyright©2017ElsevierLtd.Allrightsreserved.
Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproducedortransmittedinanyformorbyanymeans,
electronicormechanical,includingphotocopying,recording,oranyinformationstorageand
retrievalsystem,withoutpermissioninwritingfromthepublisher.Detailsonhowtoseek
permission,furtherinformationaboutthePublisher’spermissionspoliciesandour
arrangementswithorganizationssuchastheCopyrightClearanceCenterandtheCopyright
LicensingAgency,canbefoundatourwebsite:www.elsevier.com/permissions.
Thisbookandtheindividualcontributionscontainedinitareprotectedundercopyrightbythe
Publisher(otherthanasmaybenotedherein).
Notices
Knowledgeandbestpracticeinthisfieldareconstantlychanging.Asnewresearchand
experiencebroadenourunderstanding,changesinresearchmethods,professionalpractices,or
medicaltreatmentmaybecomenecessary.
Practitionersandresearchersmustalwaysrelyontheirownexperienceandknowledgein
evaluatingandusinganyinformation,methods,compounds,orexperimentsdescribed
herein.Inusingsuchinformationormethodstheyshouldbemindfuloftheirownsafetyandthe
safetyofothers,includingpartiesforwhomtheyhaveaprofessionalresponsibility.
Tothefullestextentofthelaw,neitherthePublishernortheauthors,contributors,oreditors,
assumeanyliabilityforanyinjuryand/ordamagetopersonsorpropertyasamatterof
productsliability,negligenceorotherwise,orfromanyuseoroperationofanymethods,
products,instructions,orideascontainedinthematerialherein.
LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
AcatalogrecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheLibraryofCongress
BritishLibraryCataloguing-in-PublicationData
AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary
ISBN:978-0-08-100660-3(print)
ISBN:978-0-08-100678-8(online)
ForinformationonallWoodheadpublications
visitourwebsiteathttps://www.elsevier.com/
Publisher:MatthewDeans
AcquisitionEditor:DavidJackson
EditorialProjectManager:EdwardPayne
ProductionProjectManager:OmerMukthar
Designer:VictoriaPearsonEsser
TypesetbySPiGlobal,India
Contributors
T.D. BurchellOak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
J.Y. Chen The Universityof Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
C.I.Contescu Oak Ridge National Laboratory,Oak Ridge, TN, United States
J. Economy UniversityofIllinoisat Urbana-Champaign,Urbana, IL,United States
N.C. GallegoOak Ridge National Laboratory,Oak Ridge, TN, United States
S. GiraudetE(cid:1)cole Nationale Sup(cid:1)erieure de Chimie de Rennes, UMR CNRS 6226
Institut desSciences Chimiquesde Rennes, Rennes, France
H.A. Grappe RMX Technologies, Knoxville, TN, UnitedStates
A. Hassani Atat€urkUniversity, Erzurum,Turkey
Y. HuangBeijing ForestryUniversity, Beijing,China
A. Javaid Universityof Engineering& Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
G. Jiang Jiangnan University,Wuxi, China
V. Jim(cid:1)enez Exide TechnologiesSAU,Manzanares, Spain
A.R. Khataee Universityof Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
P.LeCloirecE(cid:1)coleNationaleSup(cid:1)erieuredeChimiedeRennes,UMRCNRS6226
Institut desSciences Chimiquesde Rennes, Rennes, France
Q.W. LiSuzhou Instituteof Nano-Tech andNano-Bionics, Suzhou, China
Y. LiMinjiangUniversity, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
A. Romero University ofCastilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
D. Saha Widener University, Chester, PA,UnitedStates
x Contributors
P. Sa´nchez University ofCastilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
Y. Shen Jiangnan University,Wuxi;Nantong University,Nantong, China
Z. Yue The UniversityofTennessee Space Institute,Tullahoma, TN, United States
X.H.Zhang Suzhou Institute ofNano-Techand Nano-Bionics, Suzhou, China
M. Zhang Minjiang University,Fuzhou, Fujian, China
Preface
Activatedcarbonmaterialsaretraditionalchemicaladsorbentsbecauseoftheirvery
highspecificsurfaceareaandhighmicroporevolume.Recently,agreatdealofindus-
trialattentionhasbeendrawntoactivatedcarbonfiberandtextiles.Textilematerials
intheformoffibers,yarns,andfabricscanbeconvertedintoactivecarbonproducts
bytheprocessofpyrolysisandactivation.Therefore,activatedcarbonfibermaterials
havegreatpotentialfornewindustrialenduses,frompersonalprotectiveequipmentto
energystorage and healthcare devices.
Using fibers and fabrics as raw materials for making activated carbon products
exhibitstremendousadvantages.First,activatedcarbonfiberhasasignificantlydif-
ferent microporous structure that allows much more rapid dynamic adsorption and
desorptionwithlessmaterial.Second,arangeofpolymerscanbeusedasprecursors
formakingactivatedcarbonproducts,includingcelluloses,thermosets,andthermo-
plastics.Finally,fiberassembliescanhavediversestructuressuchaswovens,knits,
andnonwovens.Thesematerialformatsareeasytointegrateintocompositestructures
and allow easy material handling and transportation inmanufacturing.
However,thetechnologiesforfabricating,characterizing,andanalyzingactivated
carbon fiber and fabrics are usually not included in traditional textile textbooks,
because the production of activated carbon fiber and textiles is a cutting-edge tech-
nologyoverlappedbyfiber/textilemanufacturingandpolymerthermochemicalpro-
cesses. Professionals working in this industry need to have a broader scope of
knowledge that is beyond the single traditional textile discipline. This motivated
me to edit a book that could address this emergent technical area. My proposal for
this book, titled Activated Carbon Fiber and Textiles, was immediately supported
by Sarah Lynch,Acquisitions Editorfor Elsevier Woodhead Publishing.
Thepurposeofthisbookistoprovidereaderswiththelatestresearchprogressand
state-of-the-art technologies developed in the manufacture and application of acti-
vatedcarbonfiberandtextiles.Thebookisdividedintothreesections.SectionAlays
the fundamentals of carbonized and activated carbon materials. The basic contents
coveredinthissectionincludeanoverviewandtechnicalconceptsofactivatedcarbon
fiber incomparison with granularactivatedcarbon;precursormaterialsofactivated
carbon fiber; precursor fiber spinning; and the thermochemical process of activated
carbonfiber.SectionBcoversthepropertiesofactivatedcarbonfibers,includingtheir
adsorptive properties, mechanical properties, electrical and thermal properties, and
acousticalproperties.SectionCintroducesthemajorapplicationsofactivatedcarbon
fiber infiltration, environmental protection, power storage,and gasstorage.
Iwanttoexpressmywholeheartedthankstoallchapterauthorsfortheircontribu-
tions to this book. Their enthusiasm and willingness to share their knowledge is
xii Preface
greatlyappreciated.Iwouldalsoliketoextendmygratitudetotheprojectmanagers,
editors,andallotherassistantswhohelpedtoproducethisbook.Withouttheirinvalu-
able input,the publication of thisbook would have been impossible.
JonathanY.Chen
July 4, 2016
Woodhead Publishing Series
in Textiles
1 Watson’stextiledesignandcolourSeventhedition
EditedbyZ.Grosicki
2 Watson’sadvancedtextiledesign
EditedbyZ.Grosicki
3 WeavingSecondedition
P.R.LordandM.H.Mohamed
4 HandbookoftextilefibresVolume1:Naturalfibres
J.GordonCook
5 HandbookoftextilefibresVolume2:Man-madefibres
J.GordonCook
6 Recyclingtextileandplasticwaste
EditedbyA.R.Horrocks
7 NewfibersSecondedition
T.HonguandG.O.Phillips
8 AtlasoffibrefractureanddamagetotextilesSecondedition
J.W.S.Hearle,B.LomasandW.D.Cooke
9 Ecotextile’98
EditedbyA.R.Horrocks
10 Physicaltestingoftextiles
B.P.Saville
11 Geometricsymmetryinpatternsandtilings
C.E.Horne
12 Handbookoftechnicaltextiles
EditedbyA.R.HorrocksandS.C.Anand
13 Textilesinautomotiveengineering
W.FungandJ.M.Hardcastle
14 Handbookoftextiledesign
J.Wilson
15 High-performancefibres
EditedbyJ.W.S.Hearle
16 KnittingtechnologyThirdedition
D.J.Spencer
17 Medicaltextiles
EditedbyS.C.Anand
18 Regeneratedcellulosefibres
EditedbyC.Woodings
19 Silk,mohair,cashmereandotherluxuryfibres
EditedbyR.R.Franck
20 Smartfibres,fabricsandclothing
EditedbyX.M.Tao