ACSM's Certification Review 3rd Edition

320 Pages·2009·155.9 MB·English

ACSM's
Certification Review
THIRD EDITION
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AMERICAN COLLEGE
OF SPORTS MEDICINE
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Wolters Kluwer Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Health

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ACSM Publication Committee Chair: Jeffrey L. Roitman, EdD, FACSM
ACSM Group Publisher: Kerry O'Rourke
3rd Edition
Copyright © 2010, 2006, 2001 American College of Sports Medicine
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Baltimore, MD 21201 Philadelphia, PA 19106
All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means,
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The publisher is not responsible (as a matter of product liability, negligence, or otherwise) for any injury resulting from any material contained
herein. This publication contains information relating to general principles of medical care that should not be construed as specific instructions for
individual patients. Manufacturers' product information and package inserts should be reviewed for current information, including
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Printed in China
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
ACSM's certification review / senior editors, Khalid W Bibi, Michael G. Niederpruem.-3rd ed.
p. ;cm.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 978-0-7817-6901-3

1. Sports medicine-outlines, syllabi, etc. 2. Sports medicine-Examinations, questions, etc. 3. Personal trainers-Outlines, syllabi, etc.
4. Personal trainers-Examinations, questions, etc. 1. Bibi, Khalid W II. Niederpruem, Michael G.
[DNLM: 1. Sports Medicine-Examination Questions. 2. Sports Medicine-Outlines. 3. Exercise-Examination Questions.
4. Exercise-Outlines. 5. Physical Fitness-Examination Questions. 6. Physical Fitness-Outlines. QT 18.2 A1864 2010]
RC12I3.A268201O
6I7.1'027076--dc22 2008041285
The pUblishers have made every effort to trace the copyright holders for borrowed material. If they have inadvertently overlooked any, they will be pleased
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For more information concerning American College of Sports Medicine Certification and suggested preparatory materials, call [phone] or
visit the American College of Sports Medicine web site www.acsm.org.
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Chapter Authors

CHAPTER 1 CHAPTERS CHAPTER 9
JeffreyJ. Betts, PhD Andrea Dunn, PhD, FACSM Janet R. Wojcik, PhD
Health Sciences Department Klein Buende1 Inc. Department of Health and Physical
Central Michigan University Golden, Colorado Education
Mt. Pleasant, Michigan Winthrop University
Bess H. Marcus, PhD Rock Hill, South Carolina
Elaine Filusch Betts, PhD, PT, Community Health and Psychiatry
FACSM and Human Behavior R. Carlton Bessinger, PhD, RD
Physical Therapy Brown University Department of Human Nutrition
Central Michigan University Providence, Rhode Island Winthrop University
Mt. Pleasant, Michigan S. Rock Hill, South Carolina
David E. Verrill, MS, FAACVPR
Presbyterian Hospital
Chad Harris, PhD
Department of Kinesiology Presbyterian Center for Preventive CHAPTER 10
Cardiology
Boise State University
Charlotte, North Carolina
Boise, Idaho Frederick S. Daniels, MS
CPTE Health Group
CHAPTER 6 Nashua, New Hampshire
CHAPTER 2
Stephen C. Glass, PhD, FACSM Gregory B. Dwyer, PhD, FACSM
Michael Deschenes, PhD, FACSM
Department of Movement Science Department of Exercise Science
Kinesiology Department
Grand Valley State University East Stroudsburg University
College of William & Mary
Allendale, Michigan East Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania
Willamsburg, Virginia
CHAPTER 7
CHAPTER 11
CHAPTER 3
Frederick S. Daniels, MS, MBA
Khalid W. Bibi, PhD
Deborah Riebe, PhD, FACSM CPTE Health Group
Sports Medicine, Health and Human
Department of Kinesiology Nashua, New Hampshire
Performance
University of Rhode Island
Canisius College
Kingston, Rhode Island Nancy J. Belli, MA
Buffalo, New York
Physical Activity Department
Robert S. Mazzeo, PhD, FACSM Plus One Holdings, Inc.
Dennis W. Koch, PhD
Department of Integrative New York, New York
Human Performance Center
Physiology
Kathy Donofrio Canisius College
University of Colorado
Swedish Covenant Hospital Buffalo, New York
Boulder, Colorado
Chicago, Illinois
David S. Criswell, PhD
CHAPTER 12
Department of Applied Physiology CHAPTERS
and Kinesiology
Theodore J. Angelopoulos, PHD,
University of Florida Kathleen M. Cahill, MS, ATC
MPH
Gainesville, Florida Sugar Land, Texas
Center for Lifestyle Medicine
University of Central Florida
John W. Wygand, MA
CHAPTER 4 Orlando, Florida
Adelphi University
Human Performance Laboratory
Carol Ewing Garber, PhD, FFAHA, Garden City; New York Joshua Lowndes, MA
ACSM Center for Lifestyle Medicine
Department of Biobehavioral Sciences JulieJ. Downing, PhD, FACSM University of Central Florida
Teachers College Central Oregon Community College Orlando, Florida
Columbia University Health and Human Performance
New York, New York Bend, Oregon
v
Chapter Contributors
CHAPTER 1
John Mayer, PhD, DC
Spine and Sport Foundation
San Diego, California
Brian Undermann, PhD, ATC, FACSM
Department of Exercise and Sports Science
University of Wisconsin-La Crosse
La Crosse, Wisconsin
CHAPTER 10
Neal I. Pire, MA
Plus One Fitness
New York, New York
Kathy Donofrio
Swedish Covenant Hospital
Chicago, Illinois
CHAPTER 11
Stephen C. Glass, PhD, FACSM
Department of Movement Science
Grand Valley State University
Allendale, Michigan
vi
Manuscript Reviewers

Joseph Hamill, PhD, FACSM Jason Conviser, Ph.D., MBA, FACSM
University of Massachusetts -Amherst -President, ]MC &. Associates
Amherst, MA Glencoe,IL
Chapter 1 Chapter 6
Jacalyn Robert/McMcomb, Ph.D., FACSM
William Simpson, Ph.D., FACSM
Texas Tech University

Department of Health and Human Performance
Lubbock, TX

University of Wisconsin-Superior
Chapter 6

Superior, WI
Chapters 1 &: 7
Sue Beckham, Ph.D., FACSM
Dallas VA Medical Center

Stephen Glass, Ph.D., FACSM Dallas, TX

Grand Valley State University Chapter 7

Allendale, MI
Chapter 2 Gregory Hand, Ph.D., FACSM
University of South Carolina

Columbia, SC

Janet Wallace, Ph.D., FACSM
Chapter 8

Indiana University
Bloomington, IN Gregory Dwyer, Ph.D., FACSM
Chapter 3 East Stroudsburg University

East Stroudsburg, PA

Chapter 8

Ray Squires, Ph.D., FACSM
Mayo Cardiovascular Health Clinic
Christopher Berger, Ph.D., CSCS
Rochester, MN
University of Kentucky

Chapter 4
Lexington, KY

Chapter 9

Dalynn Badenhop, Ph.D., FACSM
University of Toledo Medical Center Dino Costanzo, MA, FACSM
Toledo,OH The Hospital of Central Connecticut

Chapter 4 New Britain, CT

Chapter 10

Steven Edwards, Ph.D., FACSM
Benjamin F. Timson, Ph.D., FACSM
Oklahoma State University

Missouri State University

Stillwater, OK

Springfield, MO

Chapter 5

Chapter 11

Michelle Miller, MS Julianne Frey, MS
Indiana University Kronodynamics
Bloomington, IN Bloomington, IN
Chapters 5 &: 11 Chapter 12
vii
Examination Reviewers
Cassandra Billinger, PT Roslyn Mclean, MD
Kansas University Medical Center Royal Hobart Hospital
Gardner, Kansas Hobart Tasmania, Australia
ACSM Certified Clinical Exercise Specialist ACSM Certified Clinical Exercise Specialist
Anthony Clapp, MED, MPE Teresa Merrick, MA
Ausburg College Master Trainer, 24 Hour Fitness
Minneapolis, Minnesota Bellevue, Nebraska
ACSM Certified Health Fitness Specialist ACSM Certified Health Fitness Specialist
Carol Cole, MS
Carolyn Petersen, BS
Sinclair Community College
Mayo Clinic
Dayton, Ohio
Rochester, Minnesota
ACSM HealthlFitness Director
ACSM Certified Health Fitness Specialist
Heidi Greenhalgh, MS
Karin Richards, MS
JUNTOS Coordinator, YMCA
University of the Sciences
Los Alamos, New Mexico
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
ACSM Certified Health Fitness Specialist
ACSM Certified Personal Trainer
Jon Herting, BS
Health Fitness Corporation Stacey Scarmack, MS
Chalfont, Pennsylvania Exercise Physiologist
ACSM Certified Health Fitness Specialist Lancaster, Ohio
ACSM Certified Clinical Exercise Specialist
Jeffrey Kazmucha, MS
Lucile Packard Children's Hospital at Stanford Chet Zelasko, Ph.D.
Palo Alto, California Grand Rapids, Michigan
ACSM Certified Clinical Exercise Specialist ACSM Certified Health Fitness Specialist
viii
Foreword
This third edition of ACSM's Certification Review is an accompanying Guidelines and Resource Manual texts. My
important step up from the previous edition. Dr. Khalid - most sincere congratulations and thanks go out to the
Bibi and Mr. Michael Niederprum have produced an ex­ editors and contributors who successfully completed this
cellent revision of this important resource. Once again, difficult and daunting task.
ACSMs Certification Review is both health/fitness and clin­ The project editors of the ACSM books serve as the
ical Knowledge, Skills and Abilities (KSAs) combined into backbone for the Guidelines-related publications. The ef­
a single publication. The previous edition of this book forts of many volunteers that came together under the
was a first-time attempt at combining these certifications. capable leadership of the two editors of Certification Re­
That edition was very well-received; thus, it has become view, as well as the Literally dozens of contributors, writ­
the standard for review texts in ACSM's certification re­ ers, and reviewers came together to produce this review
sources. This is the definitive review resource for health book. Those volunteers, as well as the literally hundreds
professionals preparing to take either an ACSM Health of others that comprise the entire group that produced
Fitness or Clinical certification examination. the three accompanying volumes, is a tribute to the ded­
ACSM's stable of certifications has undergone signifi­ ication and loyalty of ACSM's membership who worked
cant change in the four years since the publication of the continuously for the past three years to complete these
seventh edition of ACSM's Guidelines for Exercise Testing books.
and Prescription. Certification Review has been updated in Health and fitness professionals, as well as rehabilita­
concert with those changes and is a reflection of the cur­ tion professionals, should aspire to an appropriate level
rent state of ACSM's certification process, the KSAs that of ACSM certification. The certifications are "mature"
accompany the HealthlFitness and Clinical Certifications, enough to have achieved a level of consistency in out­
and the latest information that supports these publica­ comes and in actually validating a base level of knowl­
tions. edge for the various levels. ACSM-certified exercise pro­
Additionally, for the first time, ACSM is publishing fessionals don't merely demonstrate to their employers or
ACSMs Resource Manual for Guidelines for Exercise Testing prospective employers that they have a base level of infor­
and Prescription, 6th Edition; ACSMs Resources for Clinical mation, they confirm for themselves that their knowledge
Exercise Physiology, 3rd Edition; ACSMs Certification Re­ and practice is at a level expected of the most accom­
view, 3rd Edition; and ACSMs Exercise Management for Per­ plished exercise professionals. I encourage all of those
sons with Chronic Diseases and Disabilities, 2nd Edition, si­ professionals to aspire to ACSM certification and to use
multaneouslywith the industry's gold standard, Guidelines this excellent resource to aid in your success.
for Exercise Testing and Prescription, 8th Edition. These
four resources, all revised and published at the same time,
are an invaluable addition to the reference library for Ex­ Jeffrey L. Roitman, EdD, FACSM
ercise Professionals and for those aspiring to ACSM cer­ Director, Sports Science Program
tification. This Certification Review provides an excellent Rockhurst University
outline-style document of the critical information in the Kansas City, MO
ix
Preface
This edition of the ACSM's Certification Review has been review. Readers seeking a more detailed examination of
revised and updated to cover most of the Knowledge, the KSAs addressed in this book should refer to the 6th
Skills and Abilities (KSAs) related with the ACSM Cer­ edition of the ACSM's Resource Manual (RM6).
tified Health Fitness Specialist (HFS), the ACSM Clinical The Clinical Exercise Specialist certification encom­
Exercise Specialist (CES), and the ACSM Certified Per­ passes all HFS KSAs. Hence, individuals who intend to use
sonal Trainer (CPT) certifications. this book to review for the CES certification are respon­
This text provides the reader with an easy-to-read sible for all KSAs covered therein. Individuals preparing
review book that covers many of the ACSM KSAs. Each for the HFS or CPT certification should refer to their rel­
chapter ends with certification-type questions to test your evant KSAs, as outlined in the RM6 or the 8th edition of
knowledge on select KSAs in that chapter. The book ends the ACSMs Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription
with a full-length comprehensive practice examination to (GETP8), and review from that book accordingly.
help you prepare for the actual examination, and answers We are aware that facts, standards, and guidelines
and explanations are provided to all questions to help you change on a regular basis in this ever growing field of
better understand the material. Asearchable version of the knowledge. Hence, in the event that conflict may be noted
full text is available on line at http://thepoint.lww.com. between this book and the GETP8, the latter text should
This book was written with the assumption that the be used as the definitive and final resource. In such cases
reader has met the minimal requirements set by ACSM where an update is needed on where conflict or error is
to qualify to sit for the examination. Hence, this book identified, we will make every effort to provide further
is not intended to be the sole text for preparing for the explanations or corrections online. The web address is
ACSM certifications. Rather, it will help you review for http://www.acsm.orglbookupdates.com
the examination. In the process, the book should help
you identify your strengths and weaknesses, which will Khalid Walid Bibi
guide you to areas where you might require more in-depth Mike Niederpruem
x
· Acknowledgments
A special thank you is due to my co-editor, Dr. Khalid A very special thanks goes to my mother Ghada
Bibi, for both his patience and commitment. I also want - and father Walid for their unconditional love and ardent
to thank the literally hundreds of exceptional ACSM pro­ support throughout my life, my wonderful sisters Rula,
fessionals and volunteers that I had the pleasure of work­ Deema, and Rana for their trust and respect, my wife Lana
ing with during my tenure as ACSM's National Direc­ for her patience and many sacrifices, and my wonderful
tor of Certification. Without your collective involvement, children Tala and Walid for making it all worthwhile. To a
many of the recent accomplishments for ACSM's certifi­ very special friend, Dr. Jeffrey Roitman, with whom I have
cation programs simply would not have been possible. I had the pleasure and honor to work with in most reward­
am also very grateful to the following individuals specif­ ing ways over the past 17 years, my greatest gratitude. To
ically for their personal support during my tenure, and my students and colleagues at Canisius, I am forever and
especially thankful for their significant contributions to always indebted to you for making coming to work so re­
ACSM's organizational accomplishments in certification warding. I am also grateful to Adrienne l3eggs for her help
between 2004 and 2007: Dino Costanzo, Julie Downing, in reviewing the references. A special "Thank You" goes
Steven Keteyian, Neal Pire, Traci Rush, Walt Thompson, to my colleague and co-editor, Mike Niederpruem, for his
and last but definitely not least, my dear friend Hope patience and hard work. Hats-off to all the dedicated and
Wood. hard working ACSM employees who make it all come to­
gether. Finally, this book represents the efforts of many
- Mike G. Niederpruem volunteers who wrote, reviewed, and contributed to the
text. Thank you all.
- Khalid W Bibi
xi