ACCIDENT ANALYSIS «& PREVENTION List of Contents and Author Index | Volume 33, 2001 _ ©) PERGAMON ACCIDENT ANALYSIS & PREVENTION EDITOR-IN-CHIEF: FRANK A. HAIGHT Institute of Transport Studies, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA (Email: [email protected]) ASSOCIATE EDITORS RUNE ELVIK HERBERT MOSKOWITZ Institute of Transport Economics, Southern California Research Institute, PO Box 6110 Etterstad, N-0602 Oslo, Norway 4138 Royal Crest Place, Encino, CA 91436, USA (Email: [email protected]) (Email: [email protected]) A. JAMES MCKNIGHT LisA HAKAMIES-BLOMQVIST Transportation Research Associates, Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, 78 Farragut Road, Annapolis MD 21403, USA S-58195 Linképing, Sweden (Email: [email protected]) (Email: [email protected]) EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD MARK W. ARNDT, Mesa, AZ, USA FRANK MCKENNA, Reading, UK TERJE ASSUM, Oslo, Norway TED R. MILLER, Landover, MD, USA JEREMY BROUGHTON, Crowthorne, Berks, UK CHARLES Mock, Seattle, WA, USA PER GARDER, Orono, ME, USA SIEM OppE, Zoeterwoude, The Netherlands STEPHEN J. GUASTELLO, Milwaukee, WI, USA SUSAN C. PARTYKA, Washington DC, USA JAGADISH C. GuRIA, Wellington, New Zealand RAYMOND PECK, Sacramento, CA, USA MOHAMMAD M. HAMED, Irbid, Jordan STEVEN M. Rock, Macomb, IL, USA LAURENCE HARTLEY, Perth, WA, Australia MARIA SEGUI-GOMEZ, Baltimore, MD, USA GORDON HAYWARD, London, UK DAVID SHINAR, Beer-Sheva, Israel JAMES HEDLUND, Ithaca, NY, USA CARL A. SODERSTROM, Baltimore, MD, USA PETER HOLLO, Budapest, Hungary JANE C. StuTTs, Chapel Hill, NC, USA BRIAN A. JONAH, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada HEIKKI SUMMALA, Helsinki, Finland BARNIE JONES, Salem, OR, USA CLAES TINGVALL, Borlange, Sweden KARL Kim, Honolulu, HI, USA EVELYN VINGILIS, London, Ontario, Canada RISTO KULMALA, Espoo, Finland DARREN WALTON, Wellington, New Zealand GUOHUA LI, Baltimore, MD, USA NICHOLAS J. 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POSTMASTER: Please send address corrections to: Accident Analysis and Prevention, c/o Customer Services, Elsevier Science Inc., 655 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10010, USA. eI ai OI tt ACCIDENT | por acae PREVENTION PERGAMON Accident Analysis and Prevention 33 (2001) III—VIII www.elsevier.com/locate/aap Volume 33, 2001 LIST OF CONTENTS NUMBER 1 Papers Test of Swedish anti-skid devices on five different slippery surfaces Gunvor Gard and Glenn Lundborg l Cost—benefit analysis of road safety measures: applicability and controversies Rune Elvik 9 Permanent impairments, disabilities and disability pensions related to accidents in Norway Johan Lund and Tor Bjerkedal 19 The role of driver sleepiness in car crashes: a systematic review of epidemiological studies Jennie Connor, Gary Whitlock, Robyn Norton and Rod Jackson 31 The evaluation of effects on driver behavior and accidents of concentrated general enforcement on interurban roads in Israel A.S. Hakkert, V. Gitelman, A. Cohen, E. Doveh and T. Umansky 43 Shoulder belts in motor vehicle crashes: a statewide analysis of restraint efficacy Stacey Knight, Lawrence J. Cook, Patricia J. Nechodom, Lenora M. Olson, James C. Reading and J. Michael Dean 65 The effect of traffic policing on road safety in Israel Michael Beenstock, Dalit Gafni and Ephraim Goldin 13 The Western Australian Road Injury Database (1987-1996): ten years of linked police, hospital and death records of road crashes and injuries Diana L. Rosman 81 Extended time-to-collision measures for road traffic safety assessment Michiel M. Minderhoud and Piet H.L. Bovy 89 The effect of ice warning signs on ice-accident frequencies and severities Jodi Carson and Fred Mannering 99 Self-reports of safe driving behaviors in relationship to sex, age, education and income in the US adult driving population David Shinar, Edna Schechtman and Richard Compton 111 Ill IV Volume 32 Contents | Accident Analysis and Prevention 33 (2001) III—-VIII Changes in young adult offense and crash patterns over time Patricia F. Waller, Michael R. Elliott, Jean T. Shope, Trivellore E. Raghunathan and Roderick J.A. Little 117 The effect of medical care by a helicopter trauma team on the probability of survival and the quality of life of hospitalised victims Siem Oppe and Frank Th. De Charro 129 Short communications The validity of self-reported seatbelt use: Hispanic and non-Hispanic drivers in El Paso Mario A. Parada, Lawrence D. Cohn, Eugenia Gonzalez, Theresa Byrd and Miguel Cortes 139 Difficulties in estimating air bag effectiveness Peter Cummings 145 NUMBER 2 Papers Road accidents in Slovenia involving a pedestrian, cyclist or motorcyclist and a car Marjan Simon¢éié 147 An evaluation of a suburban railway pedestrian crossing safety programme Brenda Lobb, Niki Harre and Thomas Suddendorf 157 Age and gender patterns in motor vehicle crash injuries: importance of type of crash and occupant role Dale R. Tavris, Evelyn M. Kuhn and Peter M. Layde 167 Pedestrian fatalities and alcohol Mats Ostr6m and Anders Eriksson 173 Variations of the level of vigilance and of behavioural activities during simulated automobile driving Joceline Rogé, Thierry Pebayle and Alain Muzet 181 Fatal traffic accidents among trailer truck drivers and accident causes as viewed by other truck drivers Helina Hakkanen and Heikki Summala 187 Multiple state hazard models and workers’ compensation claims: an examination of workers compensation data from Ontario Michele Campolieti 197 Factors associated with parental safe road behaviour as a pedestrian with young children in metropolitan New South Wales, Australia Lawrence T. Lam 203 A linkage study of Western Australian drink driving arrests and road crash records Diana L. Rosman, Anna M. Ferrante and Yuval Marom 211 Novice drink drivers, recidivism and crash involvement Anna M. Ferrante, Diana L. Rosman and Yuval Marom 221 Relationship of parent driving records to the driving records of their children Susan A. Ferguson, Allan F. Williams, Janella F. Chapline, Donald W. Reinfurt and Doreen M. De Leonardis 229 - Restraint use patterns for older child passengers in Michigan David W. Eby, Lidia P. Kostyniuk and Jonathon M. Vivoda 235 Volume 32 Contents | Accident Analysis and Prevention 33 (2001) III—VIII Are aggressive people aggressive drivers? A study of the relationship between self-reported general aggressiveness, driver anger and aggressive driving Timo Lajunen and Dianne Parker Effects of low-dose alcohol exposure on simulated merchant ship piloting by maritime cadets Jonathan Howland, Damaris J. Rohsenow, Jennifer Cote, Brian Gomez, Thomas W. Mangione and Angela K. Laramie Accident prototypical scenarios, a tool for road safety research and diagnostic studies Dominique Fleury and Thierry Brenac The relative effectiveness of a hidden versus a visible speed camera programme Michael D. Keall, Lynley J. Povey and William J. Frith Short communication Passengers’ injuries reflected carriage interior at the railway accident in Mundelstrup, Denmark Lars Bo Ilkjzr and Tyge Lind NUMBER 3 Papers Relationships between seat properties and human subject kinematics in rear impact tests Judson B. Welcher and Thomas J. Szabo Experimental analysis of a new flexible neck model for low-speed rear—end collisions Hiroaki Yoshida and Sadami Tsutsumi Developing measures of fatigue using an alcohol comparison to validate the effects of fatigue on performance Ann M. Williamson, Anne-Marie Feyer, Richard P. Mattick, Rena Friswell and Samantha Finlay- Brown Area-wide urban traffic calming schemes: a meta-analysis of safety effects Rune Elvik How do prolonged wakefulness and alcohol compare in the decrements they produce on a simulated driving task? J. Todd Arnedt, Gerald J.S. Wilde, Peter W. Munt and Alistair W. MacLean Bicycle helmet efficacy: a meta-analysis R.G. Attewell, K. Glase and M. McFadden Under-reporting of motor vehicle traffic crash victims in New Zealand Jonathan Alsop and John Langley New evidence concerning fatal crashes of passenger vehicles before and after adding antilock braking systems Charles M. Farmer A statistical model to compare road mortality in OECD countries Yves Page Predicting performance of annual safety outcomes Jagadish Guria and Kelly Mara The crash reduction effectiveness of a network-wide traffic police deployment system Stuart V. Newstead, Maxwell H. Cameron and L. Mark W. Leggett VI Volume 32 Contents | Accident Analysis and Prevention 33 (2001) III—- VIII Partners for child passenger safety: a unique child-specific crash surveillance system Dennis R. Durbin, Esha Bhatia, John H. Holmes, Kathy N. Shaw, John V. Werner, Wayne Sorenson and Flaura K. Winston Factors related to driving difficulty and habits in older drivers Jacquelyn M. Lyman, Gerald McGwin Jr and Richard V. Sims Secular trends of motor vehicle mortality in the United States, 1910-1994 Guohua Li, Cyrus Shahpar, Jurek George Grabowski and Susan P. Baker NUMBER 4 Papers Freeway management systems and motor vehicle crashes: a case study of Phoenix, Arizona Todd Olmstead The epidemiology of traumatic injury-related fetal mortality in Pennsylvania, 1995-1997: the role of motor vehicle crashes Harold B. Weiss Public beliefs about the preventability of unintentional injury deaths Deborah C. Girasek Preventability of vehicle-related fatalities ElsMarie Henriksson, Mats Ostrom and Anders Eriksson Firearm availability and unintentional firearm deaths Mathew Miller, Deborah Azrael and David Hemenway Roadway safety in rural and small urbanized areas Paul J. Ossenbruggen, Jyothi Pendharkar and John Ivan Pickup truck use in the National Personal Transportation Survey Craig L. Anderson, Phyllis F. Agran and Diane G. Winn Evaluation of the effects of North Carolina’s 0.08% BAC law Robert D. Foss, J. Richard Stewart and Donald W. Reinfurt The effects of driving cessation on the elderly with dementia and their caregivers Brian D. Taylor and Sophia Tripodes Assessment of hospital and police ascertainment of automobile versus childhood pedestrian and bicyclist collisions Preet K. Dhillon, Amy S. Lightstone, Corinne Peek-Asa and Jess F. Kraus In-vehicle distraction and fatal accidents in England and Wales Alan Stevens and Roy Minton Causal models for road accident fatalities in Yemen Jamal R.M. Ameen and Jamil A. Naji Short communication Safety and ergonomics evaluation of hybrid systems in Hong Kong Alan H.S. Chan and Alan J. Courtney Volume 32 Contents | Accident Analysis and Prevention 33 (2001) III-VUI Erratum Erratum to “Exploration of the barriers to bicycle helmet use among 12 and 13 year old children” {Accident Analysis and Prevention 32 (2000) 111-115] NUMBER 5 Papers The effects of introducing or lowering legal per se blood alcohol limits for driving: an international review Robert E. Mann, Scott Macdonald, Gina Stoduto, Susan Bondy, Brian Jonah and Abdul Shaikh Do speed bumps really decrease traffic speed? An Italian experience Massimiliano Pau and Silvano Angius Evaluation of inter-organizational traffic injury prevention in a WHO safe community Kent Lindqvist, Toomas Timpka and Lothar Schelp Predicting repeat DUI offenses with the alcohol interlock recorder Paul R. Marques, A. Scott Tippetts, Robert B. Voas and Douglas J. Beirness The development of a test specification to determine the rollover protection of passengers in light commercial vehicles fitted with canopies E.J. Honiball and J.L. van Niekerk Drivers’ biased perceptions of speed and safety campaign messages D. Walton and P.C. McKeown Helmet laws and motorcycle rider death rates Charles C. Branas and M. Margaret Knudson Adolescent antecedents of high-risk driving behavior into young adulthood: substance use and parental influences Jean T. Shope, Patricia F. Waller, Trivellore E. Raghunathan and Sujata M. Patil 649 The influence of demographic factors on seatbelt use by adults injured in motor vehicle crashes E. Brooke Lerner, Dietrich V.K. Jehle, Anthony J. Billittier IV, Ronald M. Moscati, Cristine M. Connery and Gregory Stiller 659 Explaining national road fatalities Christo J. Bester Factors contributing to the amount of vehicular damage resulting from collisions between four-wheel drive vehicles and passenger cars Robert W. Broyles, S. Ross Clarke, Lutchmie Narine and Daryl R. Baker Sensation seeking, risky driving and behavioral adaptation Brian A. Jonah, Rachel Thiessen and Elaine Au-Yeung Short communications Putting head restraints to rest Robert Ferrari Changes in head injury with the New Zealand bicycle helmet law D.L. Robinson Vill Volume 32 Contents | Accident Analysis and Prevention 33 (2001) III—VIII Viewpoints Introduction to Viewpoints Frank A. Haight 693 Viewpoint Frank A. Haight 693 Bibliographic section 697 NUMBER 6 Papers Cannabis use and traffic accidents in a birth cohort of young adults David M. Fergusson and L. John Horwood 703 Mechanical failures as a contributing cause to motor vehicle accidents — South Africa Ockert van Schoor, Johannes L. van Niekerk and B. Grobbelaar 713 A simple method for identifying and correcting crash problems on urban arterial streets Richard A. Retting, Helen B. Weinstein, Allan F. Williams and David F. Preusser 723 A nationwide survey of self-reported red light running: measuring prevalence, predictors, and perceived conse- quences Bryan E. Porter and Thomas D. Berry 735 Analysis of progress in road safety in ten European countries S. Lassarre 743 Protecting the child’s abdomen: a retractable bicycle handlebar Kristy B. Arbogast, Jeremy Cohen, Luis Otoya and Flaura K. Winston 753 Novice drivers’ accidents and violations — a failure on higher or lower hierarchical levels of driving behaviour Sirkku Laapotti, Esko Keskinen, Mika Hatakka and Ari Katila 759 Alcohol/drug abuse, driving convictions, and risk-taking dispositions among trauma center patients Carl A. Soderstrom, Michael F. Ballesteros, Patricia C. Dischinger, Timothy J. Kerns, Robert D. Flint and Gordon S. Smith 771 Costs of alcohol-related crashes: New Zealand estimates and suggested measures for use internationally Ted R. Miller and Michael Blewden 783 Long-term effects of legislation and local promotion of child restraint use in motor vehicles in Sweden R. Ekman, G. Welander, L. Svanstrém and L. Schelp 793 Overdispersion in modelling accidents on road sections and in Empirical Bayes estimation Ezra Hauer 799 Predicting at-fault car accidents of older drivers Rudi De Raedt and Ingrid Ponjaert-Kristoffersen 809 Predicting ambulatory function following lower extremity trauma using the functional capacity index Melissa L. McCarthy and Ellen J. MacKenzie 821