Table Of Content

ACUIDENT ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION List of Contents and Author Index Volume 23, 1991 PERGAMON PRESS NEW YORK * OXFORD * SEOUL Accident Analysis & Prevention an international journal Editor-in-Chief FRANK A. HAIGHT Institute of Transportation Studies, University of California, Irvine, CA 92717, U.S.A. Associate Editors HANS C. JOKSCH KARE RUMAR Mid-America Research Institute, 45 South Main Street, National Swedish Road and Traffic Research Institute, West Hartford, CT 06107, U.S.A. S-581 01 Linképing, Sweden A. CHANDLEE HERING HERBERT Moskow!ITz keel Association for the Advancement of Automotive Department of Psychology, California State University, Medicine, 2340 Des Plaines River Road, Suite 106, Los Angetes, CA 90002, U.S.A. Des Plaines, IL 60018, U.S.A. EZRA HAUER DAVID C. VIANO Department of Civil Engineering, University of Toronto, Biomedical Science Department, General Motors Research Toronto, Ontario, Canada MSS 1A8 Laboratories, Warren, MI 48090-9058, U.S.A. Recent Publications Editor: Mary L. CuipMman Editorial Advisory Board PHYLLIS AGRAN, Orange, CA, U.S.A. STEPHEN H. LINDER, Houston, TX, U.S.A. DAVID ANDREASSEN, Nunawading, Vic., Australia © G. M. MAckay, Birmingham, U.K. KENNETH H. BECK, College Park, MD, U.S.A. KIMBALL I. MAULL, Knoxville, TN, U.S.A. T. E. A. BENJAMIN, Paris, France JOHN A. MICHON, Haren, The Netherlands IvAN D. BROWN, Cambridge, U.K. CHARLES A. MOFFATT, Bloomington, IN, U.S.A. HOWARD R. CHAMPION, Washington, DC, U.S.A. DINESH MoHaNn, New Delhi, India RUNE ELvik, Oslo, Norway CARL NASH, Washington, DC, U.S.A. LEONARD EVANS, Warren, MI, U.S.A. ALAN NICHOLSON, Christchurch, New Zealand DANIEL FIFE, Philadelphia, PA, U.S.A. JAMES O’Day, Salem, SC, U.S.A. BARUCH FISCHHOFF, Pittsburgh, PA, U.S.A. SIEM OpPE, Leidschendam, The Netherlands JOHN D. GRAHAM, Boston, MA, U.S.A. SusAN C. PARTYKA, Washington, DC, U.S.A. S. O. GUNNARSSON, Gothenburg, Sweden H. LAURENCE Ross, Albuquerque, NM, U.S.A. ALFRED-SHALOM HAKKERT, Haifa, Israel DAVID SHINAR, Rockville, MD, U.S.A. JAMES HEDLUND, Washington, DC, U.S.A. MICHAEL SIvAK, Ann Arbor, MI, U.S.A. ROBIN P. HERTZ, Arlington, VA, U.S.A. RONALD L. Somers, Adelaide, Australia T. P. HUTCHINSON, Sydney, Australia HEIKKI SUMMALA, Helsinki, Finland Mary K. JANKE, Sacramento, CA, U.S.A. JULIAN WALLER, Burlington, VT, U.S.A. BRIAN JONAH, Ottawa, Canada REG A. WARREN, Ottawa, Canada NEILS O. JORGENSON, Lyngby, Denmark GAREN J. WINTEMUTE, Sacramento, CA, U.S.A. Publishing, Subscription, and Advertising Offices: Pergamon Press, Inc., 395 Saw Mill River Road, Elmsford, NY 10523, USA, INTERNET **[email protected]”’, and Pergamon Press plc, Headington Hill Hall, Oxford OX3 OBW, England. Published bimonthly. Annual Institutional Subscription Rate (1992): £265.00 (US$425.00). Two-year Institutional Rate (1992/93): £503.50 (US$807.50). Sterling prices are definitive. 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Specific written permission must be obtained from the publisher for copying. Please contact the Subsidiary Rights Manager, Publishing Services Dept. at either Pergamon Press plc or Pergamon Press, Inc. The Item-Fee Code for this publication is: 0001-4575/91 $3.00 + .00 Cover design by Edward Ruscha 395 Saw Mill River Road, Pergamon Press Headington Hill Hall Elmsford, NY 10523. U.S.A. Oxford OX3 OBW, England VOLUME 23, 1991 LIST OF CONTENTS NUMBER 1 H. Laurence Ross Drunk driving among American blacks and Hispanics Jan M. Howard Mary L. Ganikos and Elsie D. Taylor Christine M. Branche Water recreation-related spinal injuries: Risk factors in natural Joseph E. Sniezek bodies of water Richard W. Sattin and Irene R. Mirkin Susan P. Baker Motor vehicle deaths in children: Geographic variations Anna Waller and Jean Langlois Robin P. Hertz Hours of service violations among tractor-trailer drivers Carol Lederhaus Popkin Drinking and driving by young females Frank P. McKenna Factors underlying illusory self-assessment of driving skill in Robert A. Stanier males and females and Clive Lewis Herman W. Kruysse The subjective evaluation of traffic conflicts based on an internal concept of dangerousness Christopher H. Martens Young drivers’ evaluation of driving impairment due to alcohol Leonard E. Ross and James C. Mundt Harmeet Sjogren Injuries to the elderly in the traffic environment and Ulf Bjornstig B. J. Campbell Change in injuries associated with safety belt laws J. Richard Stewart and Donald W. Reinfurt Ingrid Planath Facial fracture protection criteria for the Hybrid III load sensing Stefan Nilsson face and Dominique Cesari Thanks to Reviewers Forthcoming Papers NUMBER 2/3 Donna C. Nelson The effect of open-back vehicles on casualty rates: The case of and James V. Strueber Papua New Guinea Vil VIII Volume 23 Contents Martin Williams 119 The protective performance of bicyclists’ helmets in accidents E. Hauer 133 Estimating the accident potential of an Ontario driver B. N. Persaud A. Smiley and D. Duncan N. J. Mills 153 The effectiveness of foams in bicycle and motorcycle helmets and A. Gilchrist 3 Leonard Evans 165 Motorized two-point safety belt effectiveness in preventing fatalities Gerd Carlsson 175 Rearward-facing child seats—The safest car restraint for chil- Hans Norin dren? and Lars Ysander Mary K. Janke 183 Accidents, mileage, and the exaggeration of risk News, Queries & Answers Mary L. Chipman 197 Recent Publications Forthcoming Papers NUMBER 4 Daniel D. Sadler 203 The long-term traffic safety impact of a pilot alcohol abuse M. W. Perrine treatment as an alternative to license suspensions and R. C. Peck A. J. McKnight The visual and driving performance of monocular and binocular D. Shinar heavy-duty truck drivers and B. Hilburn Bryan Jones Analysis of the frequency and duration of freeway accidents in Lester Janssen Seattle and Fred Mannering A. C. Malliaris 257 Impact-induced car fires—A comprehensive investigation Richard W. Lyles Quasi-induced exposure revisited. Polichronis Stamatiadis and Dale R. Lighthizer Kenneth L. Campbell Fatal accident involvement rates by driver age for large trucks Dick de Waard 297 Assessing driver status: A demonstration experiment on the road and Karel A. Brookhuis Karel A. Brookhuis 309 =T he effects of mobile telephoning on driving performance Gerbrand de Vries and Dick de Waard Volume 23 Contents IX C. Gene Cayten 317 Acomparison of diagnostic related group length of stay outliers: William M. Stahl Motor vehicle crash versus penetrating injuries Daniel Byrne and Jane G. Murphy D. W. Yates 323 Asystem for measuring the severity of temporary and permanent D. F. Heath disability after injury E. Mars and R. J. Taylor Per Lévsund 331 Effects on driving performance of visual field defects: A driving Anders Hedin simulator study and Jan Tornros I Forthcoming Papers NUMBER 5 SPECIAL ISSUE THEORETICAL MODELS FOR TRAFFIC SAFETY David Andreassen 343 Population and registered vehicle data vs. road deaths J. Broughton 353 Forecasting road accident casualties in Great Britain Lasse Fridstrgm 363 An aggregate accident model based on pooled, regional time- and Siv Ingebrigtsen series data Simon Hakim 379 A critical review of macro models for road accidents Daniel Shefer A. S. Hakkert and Irit Hocherman Siem Oppe 401 The development of traffic and traffic safety in six developed countries Siem Oppe 413 Development of traffic and traffic safety: Global trends and incidental fluctuations Susan C. Partyka 423 Simple models of fatality trends revisited seven years later Thomas J. Zlatoper 431 Determinants of motor vehicle deaths in the United States: A cross-sectional analysis Hans C. Joksch 437 Are traffic deaths in Ireland related to alcohol consumption? Restudying a time series model Lance F. Bylow 443 The effect of airline deregulation on automobile fatalities and Ian Savage Donald W. Reinfurt 453 The economy as a factor in motor vehicle fatalities, suicides, J. Richard Stewart and homicides and Nancy L. Weaver Mary L. Chipman Recent Publications Forthcoming Papers Volume 23 Contents NUMBER 6 David F. Preusser, 475 Characteristics of belted and unbelted drivers Allan F. Williams and Adrian K. Lund Robert E. Mann, Sentence severity and the drinking driver: Relationships with Evelyn R. Vingilis, traffic safety outcome Douglas Gavin, Edward Adlaf and Lise Anglin Patricia Delhomme Comparing one’s driving with others’: Assessment of abilities and frequency of offences. Evidence for a superior conformity of self-bias? Kent S. Lindqvist Epidemiology of traffic accidents in a Swedish municipality Donald W. Reinfurt, Usage patterns and misuse rates of automatic seat belts by Cheryl L. St. Cyr system type and William W. Hunter Leonard Evans Airbag effectiveness in preventing fatalities predicted according to type of crash, driver age, and blood alcohol concentration R. E. Green, The effects of combining sanctions and rehabilitation for J. F. French, driving under the influence: An evaluation of the New P. W. Haberman Jersey alcohol countermeasures program and P. W. Holland Laura A. Cushman Characteristics of motor vehicle accidents resulting in spinal Robert G. Good cord injury and John D. States Brett Ferguson Unenlightened: An unsuccessful attempt to promote the use of and Neville M. Blampied cycle lights at night Ernie Lang Drinking locations of drink-drivers: A comparative analysis of and Tim Stockwell accident and nonaccident cases Robert James Brison and Nonfatal farm injuries in Eastern Ontario: A retrospective Charles William Lawrence survey Pickett E. Hauer, J. C. N. Ng Prediction in road safety studies: An empirical inquiry and P. Papaioannou E. Hauer Comparison groups in road safety studies: An analysis Forthcoming Papers Volume 23 Contents and Author Index