Access to Justice in Transnational B2C E-Commerce: A Multidimensional Analysis of Consumer Protection Mechanisms PDF
Preview Access to Justice in Transnational B2C E-Commerce: A Multidimensional Analysis of Consumer Protection Mechanisms
Sutatip Yuthayotin Access to Justice in Transnational B2C E-Commerce A Multidimensional Analysis of Consumer Protection Mechanisms Access to Justice in Transnational B2C E-Commerce ThiSisaFMBlankPage Sutatip Yuthayotin Access to Justice in Transnational B2C E-Commerce A Multidimensional Analysis of Consumer Protection Mechanisms SutatipYuthayotin CentralIntellectualPropertyandInternationalTradeCourt Bangkok Thailand ISBN978-3-319-11130-8 ISBN978-3-319-11131-5(eBook) DOI10.1007/978-3-319-11131-5 SpringerChamHeidelbergNewYorkDordrechtLondon LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2014955666 ©SpringerInternationalPublishingSwitzerland2015 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpart of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation,broadcasting,reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherphysicalway,andtransmissionor informationstorageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilar methodologynowknownorhereafterdeveloped.Exemptedfromthislegalreservationarebriefexcerpts inconnectionwithreviewsorscholarlyanalysisormaterialsuppliedspecificallyforthepurposeofbeing enteredandexecutedonacomputersystem,forexclusiveusebythepurchaserofthework.Duplication ofthispublicationorpartsthereofispermittedonlyundertheprovisionsoftheCopyrightLawofthe Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer.PermissionsforusemaybeobtainedthroughRightsLinkattheCopyrightClearanceCenter. 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Printedonacid-freepaper SpringerispartofSpringerScience+BusinessMedia(www.springer.com) Acknowledgements FirstandforemostIwouldliketothanktheJapaneseGovernment,withoutwhose financial support through the Monbukagakusho Scholarship, this Ph.D. research wouldnotbepossible.Mygreatestdebtsofgratitudegotomyprincipalsupervisor, ProfessorKonoToshiyuki;withouthiskindheartedness,professionalandvaluable criticismswiththeforesightofhisextensiveexperience,itwouldnotbepossiblefor metocompletethisdissertation. I was also influenced by my second supervisor, Professor Mark Fenwick, who alwayskindlylistenstomyideasandfromwhomIreceivednumeroussuggestions during the development of this dissertation. The thought of pursuing the doctoral research was first brought to my attention by Professor Caslav Pejovic, who has alwaysbelievedinmeandkindlyintroducedthePh.D.researchopportunitytome 4 year ago and from whom I always receive gentle support. I have also been particularly fortunate tohave benefited from the invaluable guidance of Professor Han Sang Hee, without his advice and suggestions for overcoming all the chal- lenges along the way this thesis would never be completed. I am also grateful to Professor Steven Van Uytsel, who gives me valuable advice and nudges towards writingallitdownduringthefirst2yearsofmyresearch.Thisallowsmetofinish this project in a respective timeframe. Also I would like to thank Mr. Anand Venkatachalam, SPi Global, India, Professors of Kyushu University, School of Law (i.e. Professor Ago Shin-ichi, Professor Teramoto Shinto, Professor Stefan Wrbka,etc.)fortheirkindcommentsonmyannualpresentationduringmythree- yearresearch. Many thanksgotomyfriendsandcolleagues;Paulius Jurcyswho has contrib- utedtomythoughtsandwhoseadviceandsupportwereindispensableincomple- tion of this dissertation. I also wish to deeply thank Sean McGinty for his review and comment on the first draft of this work. Finally and most importantly, I must thankmyfamily,withouttheirencouragement,moralsupportandlove,Iwouldnot beabletoundertakeandcompletethisproject. v ThiSisaFMBlankPage Abbreviations and Constructed Terms BBB BetterBusinessBureau CIArb UKCharteredInstitutionofArbitrators CRD Directive2011/83/EUoftheEuropeanParliamentandofthe Councilof25October2011onconsumerrights DPD Directive95/46/ECoftheEuropeanParliamentandofthe Councilof24October1995ontheprotectionofindividualswith regardtotheprocessingofpersonaldataandonthefreemovement ofsuchdata ECD Directive2000/31/ECoftheEuropeanParliamentandofthe Councilof8June2000oncertainlegalaspectsofinformation societyservices,inparticularelectroniccommerce,intheInternal Market ECJ EuropeanCourtofJustice ESCP Regulation(EC)No861/2007oftheEuropeanParliamentandof theCouncilof11July2007establishingaEuropeanSmallClaims Procedure GNI GlobalNetworkInitiative GPA GroupProceedingsActof2002ofSweden ICPEN InternationalConsumerProtectionEnforcementNetwork ODR OnlineDisputeResolution OECD OrganizationforEconomicCooperationandDevelopment OFT UKOfficeofFairTrading SCP SmallClaimProcedure UCC USUniformCommercialCode UCITA USUniformComputerInformationTransactionsAct UTD CouncilDirective93/13/EECof5April1993onunfairtermsin consumercontracts Brussels CouncilRegulation(EC)No.44/2001onjurisdictionandthe Regulation recognitionandenforcementofjudgmentsincivilandcommercial matters vii viii AbbreviationsandConstructedTerms Cooperation Regulation(EC)No2006/2004oftheEuropeanParliament Regulation andoftheCouncilof27October2004oncooperationbetween nationalauthoritiesresponsiblefortheenforcementofconsumer protectionlaws Injunction Directive98/27/ECoftheEuropeanParliamentandofthe Directive Councilof19May1998oninjunctionsfortheprotectionof consumers’interests RomeI CouncilRegulation(EC)No.593/2008onthelawapplicableto Regulation contractualobligation Second USSecondRestatementofConflictofLaws Restatement Contents 1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.1 Background. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.2 AimandStructureofResearch. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.3 ContributiontotheExistingAcademicDebates. . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1.4 Methodology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 1.5 ScopeofResearch. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2 ConsumerProtectioninB2CE-Commerce:EnhancingConsumer Confidence. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 2.1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 2.2 TransnationalB2CE-Commerce,EconomicGrowth, andEmergingMarkets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2.2.1 ABriefHistoryofB2CE-Commerce. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2.2.2 DistinctiveFeaturesofB2C“E-Transactions”. . . . . . . . 14 2.2.3 B2CE-CommerceandGlobalEconomicGrowth. . . . . 17 2.2.4 B2CE-CommerceandEconomicGrowthinEmerging Markets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 2.2.5 B2CE-CommerceandConsumerConfidence. . . . . . . . 22 2.3 CompetingRationalesforConsumerProtection. . . . . . . . . . . . 26 2.3.1 TraditionalRationaleI:LackofKnowledge andInformationAsymmetries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 2.3.2 TraditionalRationaleII:LackofBargainingPowerand StandardTerms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 2.3.3 TraditionalRationaleIII:BehavioralEconomic Problems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 2.3.4 TraditionalRationaleIV:FailuresofTraditionalForms ofLitigation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 2.3.5 TheEmergenceof“ConsumerConfidence”inGlobal DebatesonB2CE-Commerce. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 2.4 InterimConclusion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 ix
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