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Abraham, the Nations, and the Hagarites: Jewish, Christian, and Islamic Perspectives on Kinship With Abraham (Themes in Biblical Narrative) PDF

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Abraham, the Nations, and the Hagarites Temes in Biblical Narrative Jewish and Christian Traditions Editorial Board George H. van Kooten Robert A. Kugler Loren T. Stuckenbruck Advisory Board Reinhard Feldmeier Judith Lieu Florentino García Martínez Hindy Najman Martti Nissinen Ed Noort VOLUME 13 Abraham, the Nations, and the Hagarites Jewish, Christian, and Islamic Perspectives on Kinship with Abraham Edited by Martin Goodman George H. van Kooten Jacques T.A.G.M. van Ruiten Editorial Assistance Albertina Oegema LEIDEN • BOSTON 2010 Cover illustration: ‘Abraham expulse Hagar et Ismaël’. Engraving by Gustave Doré. Tis book is printed on acid-free paper. ISSN 1388-3909 ISBN 978 90 04 18843 3 Copyright 2010 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, Te Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Hotei Publishing, IDC Publishers, Martinus Nijhof Publishers and VSP. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Koninklijke Brill NV provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to Te Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. Fees are subject to change. CONTENTS Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xvii OLD TESTAMENT NARRATIVE Abraham and the Nations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Ed Noort Created in the Image of the Son: Ishmael and Hagar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Ed Noort EARLY JUDAISM AND ITS GRECO-ROMAN ENVIRONMENT Spartans and Jews: Abrahamic Cousins? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Jan N. Bremmer Did the Gentiles KnowWho AbrahamWas? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Pieter W. van der Horst Abraham and the Nations in the Dead Sea Scrolls: Exclusivism and Inclusivism in the Texts from Qumran and the Absence of a Reception History for Gen : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 Mladen Popovic´ Abraham and the Nations in the Book of Jubilees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 Jacques T.A.G.M. van Ruiten Hagar in the Book of Jubilees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 Jacques T.A.G.M. van Ruiten Abraham and the Nations in the Works of Philo of Alexandria . . . . . 139 Phoebe Makiello Hagar and the Enkyklios Paideia in Philo of Alexandria . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163 Abraham P. Bos vi contents Josephus on Abraham and the Nations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 Martin Goodman Hagar, Ishmael, and Abraham’s Household in Josephus’ Antiquitates judaicae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185 Birgit van der Lans RABBINIC JUDAISM Converting the Missionary Image of Abraham: Rabbinic Traditions Migrating from the Land of Israel to Babylon . . . . . . . . . 203 Moshe Lavee Abraham, Exile, and Midrashic Tradition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223 Joanna Weinberg Ishmael Sacrifced Grasshoppers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243 Ronit Nikolsky Hagar in Targum Pseudo-Jonathan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263 Florentino García Martínez Many Nations and One God: Abraham in Hebrew Hymns . . . . . . . . . . 275 Wout van Bekkum NEW TESTAMENT AND EARLY CHRISTIANITY “Neither Jew Nor Greek”: Abraham as a Universal Ancestor . . . . . . . . 291 Karin B. Neutel Belonging to Abraham’s Kin: Genealogical Appeals to Abraham as a Possible Background for Paul’s Abrahamic Argument . . . . . . . . . . . 307 Birgit van der Lans Broadening the New Perspective on Paul: Paul and the Ethnographical Debate of His Time—Te Criticism of Jewish and Pagan Ancestral Customs (Tess :–) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319 George H. van Kooten Hagar and Paul’s Covenant Tought . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345 Albert L.A. Hogeterp contents vii Philosophical Criticism of Genealogical Claims and Stoic Depoliticization of Politics: Greco-Roman Strategies in Paul’s Allegorical Interpretation of Hagar and Sarah (Gal :–) . . . . . 361 George H. van Kooten Children of the Slave Woman: Te Gnostic Christian Reinterpretation of Paul’s Allegory of Hagar and Sarah . . . . . . . . . . . 387 Bas van Os “Come out of Your Country and Your Kinsfolk”: Abraham’s Command and Ascent of the Soul in the Exegesis on the Soul (NHC II,) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401 Lautaro Roig Lanzillotta Ishmaelites, Hagarenes, Saracens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 421 Anthony Hilhorst Afer Philo and Paul: Hagar in the Writings of the Church Fathers. . 435 Johan Leemans Te Call of God and the Response of Abraham: Perspectives from a Fifh-Century Christian Debate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 449 Augustine Casiday Hagar in the So-called Daniel-Diegesis and in Other Byzantine Writings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 465 W.J. Aerts ISLAM Te Religion of Abraham and Islam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477 Gerald Hawting Ha¯jar in the Qur"a¯n and Its Early Commentaries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 503 Fred Leemhuis Epilogue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 509 Martin Goodman Index of Modern Authors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 513 Index of Subjects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 525 viii contents Index of Ancient Texts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 537 I. Ancient Near Eastern Texts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 537 II. Hebrew Bible and Versions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 537 III. Apocrypha . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 546 IV. Pseudepigrapha . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 547 V. Dead Sea Scrolls and Related Texts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 550 VI. Philo of Alexandria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 552 VII. Flavius Josephus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 555 VIII. Rabbinic and Later Jewish Texts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 557 . Mishnah . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 557 . Tosefa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 557 . Palestinian Talmud. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 557 . Babylonian Talmud . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 558 . Other Tractates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 558 . Midrashim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 558 . Targumim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 559 . Piyyut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 560 . Medieval Authors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 560 . Liturgical Texts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 560 IX. Greek and Latin Pagan Texts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 560 . Authors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 560 . Papyri . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 564 . Stern, GLAJJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 565 X. Christian Texts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 565 . New Testament Writings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 565 . Apocrypha, Pseudepigrapha, and Other Early Christian Writings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 568 . Patristic and Later Christian Authors and Writings . . . . . . 570 . Inscriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 576 XI. Qur"an and Quranic Commentaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 576 . Qur"an . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 576 . Quranic and Other Muslim Commentaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 576 ABBREVIATIONS Te abbreviations are according to Te SBL Handbook of Style with the following additions: ADPV Abhandlungen des deutschen Palästinavereins AJEC Ancient Judaism and Early Christianity AnOx Anecdota Oxoniensia BAChr Te Bible in Ancient Christianity BBA Berliner byzantinistische Arbeiten BCNHT Bibliothèque copte de Nag Hammadi textes BHR Bibliothèque d’humanisme et renaissance BKP Beiträge zur klassischen Philologie Boreas Boreas BSIH Brill’s Studies in Intellectual History BUS Brown University Studies Byzant Moravcsik, G., Byzantinoturcica ( vols.; rd ed.; Berliner byzantinistische Arbeiten –; East-Berlin ). Campus Campus CCR Cambridge Companions to Religion CFHB SB Corpus fontium historiae byzantinae. Series berolinensis CHPT Cambridge History of Political Tought CLL Classical Life and Letters ColC Collectanea cisterciensia Controv Controversions Copt Coptica CSCD Cambridge Studies in Christian Doctrine CSIC Cambridge Studies in Islamic Civilization CTan Corpus tannaiticum DK Diels, H. and W. Kranz, Fragmente der Vorsokratiker ( vols.; th ed.; Berlin –). DLZ Deutsche Literaturzeitung EAC Entretiens sur l’antiquité classique EC Les études classiques EDSS Schifman, L.H. and J.C. VanderKam, eds., Encyclopedia of the Dead Sea Scrolls ( vols.; Oxford ). EHST Europäische HochschulschrifenTeologie

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