ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY GLOBAL EDITION

764 Pages·2020·145.708 MB·English

by  JAMES N. BUTCHER

This is a special edition of an established title widely used by colleges and
GLOBAL GLOBAL
universities throughout the world. Pearson published this exclusive edition
for the benefit of students outside the United States and Canada. If you
EDITION EDITION
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Abnormal Psychology provides a comprehensive and engaging introduction to the primary
psychological disorders studied within the discipline. The authors maintain a focus on A
individuals and employ a biopsychosocial approach to help students understand the b
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The eighteenth edition presents relevant and extensive research in a concise manner.
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Chapters have been updated and include new features, with certain chapters having
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received particular attention. For example, Chapter 4, on clinical assessment and
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diagnosis, now describes new assessment tools, such as smartphones and wearable
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biosensors, that are increasingly being used by psychologists to understand human P
behavior. Similarly, Chapter 12 has been revised significantly to include updated s
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information about sexual dysfunctions, gender dysphoria, and paraphilic disorders.
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Key Features o
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• Thinking Critically about DSM-5 Many of the changes that were made from o
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DSM-IV-TR to DSM-5 were highly contentious and controversial. Almost every g
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chapter has a Thinking Critically box that introduces students to the revised DSM and
encourages them to analyze the implications of these changes.
• Unresolved Issues All chapters include end-of-chapter sections that demonstrate PSYCHOLOGY
how far we have come and how far we have yet to go in our understanding of E
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psychological disorders. The topics covered provide insight into the future of abnormal EG
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psychology and expose students to some controversial subjects: deinstitutionalization, ITT
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the role of public policy in the prevention of obesity, and how society should deal with N
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delinquent behavior. H EIGHTEENTH EDITION
• Feature Boxes Special sections, including “Developments in Research,”
“Developments in Thinking,” and “The World Around Us,” address questions such as
Does playing Tetris after a traumatic event reduce flashbacks? and Could schizophrenia H
JILL M. HOOLEY | MATTHEW K. NOCK | JAMES N. BUTCHER
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be an immune disorder? These boxes focus on application of research to everyday
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life; current events; and the latest research methodologies, technologies, and findings. e
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• In Review Questions All chapters include end-of-chapter review questions,
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Abnormal
Psychology
Eighteenth Edition
Global Edition
Jill M. Hooley
Harvard University
Matthew K. Nock
Harvard University
James N. Butcher
University of Minnesota
Harlow, England • London • New York • Boston • San Francisco • Toronto • Sydney • Dubai • Singapore • Hong Kong
Tokyo • Seoul • Taipei • New Delhi • Cape Town • São Paulo • Mexico City • Madrid • Amsterdam • Munich • Paris • Milan
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Authorized adaptation from the United States edition, entitled Abnormal Psychology [Rental Edition], 18th Edition, ISBN
978-0-13-499917-3 by Jill M. Hooley, Matthew K. Nock, and James N. Butcher, published by Pearson Education © 2020.

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ISBN 13: 978-1-292-36456-8
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Brief Contents
1 Abnormal Psychology: Overview 10 Personality Disorders 351
and Research Approaches 25
11 Substance-Related Disorders 395
2 Earliest Views of Abnormal
Behavior 56 12 Sexual Dysfunctions, Gender
Dysphoria, and Paraphilic
3 Causal Factors and Viewpoints 77 Disorders 432
4 Clinical Assessment and 13 Schizophrenia and Other
Diagnosis 120 Psychotic Disorders 464
5 Stress and Physical and 14 Neurocognitive Disorders 508
Mental Health 147
15 Disorders of Childhood and
6 Panic, Anxiety, Obsessions, Adolescence (Neurodevelopmental
and Their Disorders 185 Disorders) 537
7 Mood Disorders and Suicide 232 16 Psychological Treatment 573
8 Somatic Symptom and 17 Societal and Legal Issues in
Dissociative Disorders 281 Abnormal Psychology 609
9 Eating Disorders and Obesity 314
3
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Contents
Features 13 Unresolved Issues Are We All Becoming
DSM-5: A Quick Guide 15 Mentally Ill? The Expanding Horizons of
Mental Disorder 53
Preface 17
Summary 54
About the Authors 23
In Review Questions 55
1 Abnormal Psychology: Overview
2 Earliest Views of Abnormal
and Research Approaches 25
Behavior 56
What Do We Mean by Abnormality? 27
The First Views of Mental Disorders 57
Indicators of Abnormality 27
Demonology, Gods, and Magic 57
The World Around Us Extreme Generosity
Hippocrates’ Early Medical Concepts 57
or Pathological Behavior? 30
Early Philosophical Conceptualizations of
The DSM-5 and the Definition of Mental Disorder 31
Abnormal Behavior 58
Thinking Critically about DSM-5 What Is the DSM
Developments in Thinking Melancholia
and Why Was It Revised? 31
(Depression) Through the Ages 59
Classification and Diagnosis 32
Early Chinese Conceptualizations of
What Are the Disadvantages of Classification? 32 Abnormal Behavior 60
How Can We Reduce Prejudicial Attitudes Toward Views of Abnormality During the Middle Ages 60
People Who Are Mentally Ill? 33
Views of Abnormal Behavior in the 1500s
Culture and Abnormality 34 and 1600s 62
How Common Are Mental Disorders? 36 The Resurgence of Scientific Questioning
Prevalence and Incidence 36 in Europe 62
Prevalence Estimates for Mental Disorders 37 The Establishment of Early Asylums 62
The Global Burden of Disease 39 Humanitarian Reform 63
Treatment 39 Pinel’s Experiment and Tuke’s Work in England 63
Mental Health Professionals 40 Rush and Moral Management in America 64
Research Approaches in Abnormal Psychology 40 Dix and the Mental Hygiene Movement 65
Sources of Information 41 Views of the Causes and Treatment of Mental
Case Studies 41 Disorders in the 1800s and 1900s 66
Self-Report Data 42 Nineteenth Century Views of Mental Disorders
and the Increasing Role of Psychiatrists 66
Observational Approaches 42
Mental Hospital Care in the Twentieth Century 66
Forming and Testing Hypotheses 43
The World Around Us Chaining Mental Health
Sampling and Generalization 44
Patients 67
Internal and External Validity 44
Criterion and Comparison Groups 45 The Emergence of Modern Views of
Abnormal Behavior 68
Correlational Research Designs 45
Biological Discoveries: Establishing the Link
Measuring Correlation 46
Between the Brain and Mental Disorders 68
Statistical Significance 46
Developments in Research The Search
Effect Size 47
for Medications to Cure Mental Disorders 69
Meta-Analysis 48
The Development of a Classification System
Correlations and Causality 48
for Mental Disorders 70
Retrospective versus Prospective Strategies 48
Development of the Psychological Basis of
The Experimental Method in Abnormal Psychology 49 Mental Disorder 70
Developments in Research The Importance of The Evolution of the Psychological Research
Replication 49 Tradition: Experimental Psychology 72
Studying the Efficacy of Therapy 50 Unresolved Issues Deinstitutionalization 74
Single-Case Experimental Designs 51 Summary 75
Animal Research 53 In Review Questions 76
4
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Contents 5
3 Causal Factors and Viewpoints 77 Methods of Psychosocial Assessment 125
Clinical Interviews 125
Risk Factors and Causes of Abnormal Behavior 78 The Clinical Observation of Behavior 126
Necessary, Sufficient, and Contributory Causes 78 Psychological Tests 127
Feedback and Bidirectionality in Abnormal Developments in Research Using Smartphones
Behavior 80
and Wearable Biosensors in Psychological
Diathesis–Stress Models 80 Assessment 132
Perspectives to Understanding the Causes
Physical Assessment 133
of Abnormal Behavior 83
Physical Examination 133
The Biological Perspective 83
The Neuropsychological Examination 134
Genetic Vulnerabilities 84
Neurological Approaches to Assessment 134
Developments in Thinking Nature, Nurture,
Integrating Assessment Data and Optimizing
and Psychopathology: A New Look at an Old Topic 87
Decision Making 137
Brain Dysfunction and Neural Plasticity 89
Classifying Abnormal Behavior 138
Imbalances of Neurotransmitters and Hormones 89
Approaches to Classification 139
Temperament 92
Developments in Thinking The Research
The Impact of the Biological Viewpoint 93
Domain Criteria (RDoC) 139
The Psychological Perspective 93
Formal Diagnostic Classification
The Psychodynamic Perspective 93 of Mental Disorders 142
Developments in Thinking The Humanistic Unresolved Issues The DSM-5: A Change for
and Existential Perspectives 97 the Better? 143
The Behavioral Perspective 98 Summary 144
The Cognitive-Behavioral Perspective 101 In Review Questions 146
What the Adoption of a Perspective Does and
Does Not Do 105 5 Stress and Physical and
The Social Perspective 105
Mental Health 147
Early Deprivation or Trauma 105
Problems in Parenting Style 108 What Is Stress? 148
Marital Discord and Divorce 110 Stress and the DSM 149
Low Socioeconomic Status and Unemployment 111 Factors Predisposing a Person to Stress 149
Maladaptive Peer Relationships 112 Characteristics of Stressors 150
Prejudice and Discrimination in Race, Gender, Measuring Life Stress 151
and Ethnicity 114 Resilience 151
The Impact of the Social Perspective 114 Stress and Physical Health 152
The Cultural Perspective 114 The Stress Response 153
The World Around Us Culture and The Mind–Body Connection 154
Attachment Relationships 115 Understanding the Immune System 155
Unresolved Issues Theoretical Perspectives Stress and Immune System Functioning 156
and the Causes of Abnormal Behavior 116 Stress and Cytokines 157
Summary 117 Chronic Stress and Inflammation 158
In Review Questions 118 Stress and Premature Aging 158
The World Around Us Racial Discrimination
4 Clinical Assessment and Diagnosis 120
and Health Outcomes 159
Three Fundamental Concepts 121 Emotions and Health 160
Reliability 121 Personality 160
Validity 121 Depression 161
Standardization 122 Anxiety 162
The Nature and Goals of Assessment 122 Social Isolation and Lack of Social Support 162
Positive Emotions 163
Important Factors Influencing Assessment 123
The Importance of Emotion Regulation 164
Ensuring Culturally Sensitive Assessment Procedures 123
The Influence of Professional Orientation 124 Treatment of Stress-Related Physical Disorders 165
Trust and Rapport Between the Clinician Biological Interventions 165
and the Client 124 Psychological Interventions 166
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6 Contents
Stress and Mental Health 167 Panic Disorder 199
Adjustment Disorder 167 DSM-5 Criteria for. . . Panic Disorder 199
Adjustment Disorder Caused by Unemployment 168 Agoraphobia 200
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder 168 DSM-5 Criteria for. . . Agoraphobia 200
Thinking Critically about DSM-5 Changes to the Prevalence, Age of Onset, and Gender Differences 201
Diagnostic Criteria for PTSD 169
Comorbidity with Other Disorders 202
Acute Stress Disorder 170 The Timing of a First Panic Attack 202
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Causes Biological Causal Factors 202
and Risk Factors 170 Psychological Causal Factors 204
Prevalence of PTSD in the General Population 171
Developments in Research Nocturnal
Rates of PTSD after Traumatic Experiences 171
Panic Attacks 206
DSM-5 Criteria for. . . Posttraumatic Treatments 207
Stress Disorder 172
Generalized Anxiety Disorder 209
Causal Factors in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder 174
DSM-5 Criteria for. . . Generalized Anxiety Disorder 209
Individual Risk Factors 174
Prevalence, Age of Onset, and Gender Differences 210
Biological Factors 175
Comorbidity with Other Disorders 211
Sociocultural Factors 176
Psychological Causal Factors 211
Long-Term Effects of Posttraumatic Stress 177
Biological Causal Factors 213
Prevention and Treatment of Stress Disorders 178
Treatments 214
Prevention 178
Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders 214
Treatment for Stress Disorders 178
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder 214
The World Around Us Does Playing Tetris
Thinking Critically about DSM-5 Why Is OCD
After a Traumatic Event Reduce Flashbacks? 179
No Longer Considered to Be an Anxiety Disorder? 215
Trauma and Physical Health 181
DSM-5 Criteria for. . . Obsessive-Compulsive
The World Around Us Virtual Reality Exposure
Disorder 215
Treatment for PTSD in Military Personnel 181
Prevalence, Age of Onset, and
Unresolved Issues Why Is the Study of Trauma Gender Differences 217
So Contentious? 182
Comorbidity with Other Disorders 218
Summary 182
Psychological Causal Factors 218
In Review Questions 184
Biological Causal Factors 219
6 Panic, Anxiety, Obsessions, and Treatments 221
Body Dysmorphic Disorder 223
Their Disorders 185
DSM-5 Criteria for. . . Body Dysmorphic
The Fear and Anxiety Response Patterns 186 Disorder 223
Fear 186 Hoarding Disorder 226
Anxiety 187 Trichotillomania 227
Overview of the Anxiety Disorders and Cultural Perspectives 227
Their Commonalities 188 The World Around Us Taijin Kyofusho 228
DSM-5 Criteria for. . . Specific Phobia 189 Unresolved Issues The Choice of Treatments:
Specific Phobias 189 Medication or Cognitive-Behavior Therapy? 229
Prevalence, Age of Onset, and Summary 229
Gender Differences 190 In Review Questions 231
Psychological Causal Factors 190
Biological Causal Factors 192 7 Mood Disorders and Suicide 232
Treatments 193
Mood Disorders: An Overview 233
Social Anxiety Disorder 194
Types of Mood Disorders 233
DSM-5 Criteria for. . . Social Anxiety Disorder
DSM-5 Criteria for. . . Manic Episode 234
(Social Phobia) 195
The Prevalence of Mood Disorders 234
Prevalence, Age of Onset, and
Gender Differences 195 Unipolar Depressive Disorders 235
Psychological Causal Factors 196 Major Depressive Disorder 236
Biological Causal Factors 197 DSM-5 Criteria for. . . Major Depressive Disorder 236
Treatments 198 Persistent Depressive Disorder 239
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Contents 7
DSM-5 Criteria for. . . Persistent DSM-5 Criteria for. . . Illness Anxiety Disorder 288
Depressive Disorder 239
Conversion Disorder (Functional Neurological
Other Forms of Depression 240 Symptom Disorder) 288
Thinking Critically about DSM-5 Was It Wise to DSM-5 Criteria for. . . Conversion Disorder 289
Drop the Bereavement Exclusion for Major
Range of Conversion Disorder Symptoms 289
Depression? 241
Important Issues in Diagnosing
Developments in Thinking A New DSM-5 Conversion Disorder 290
Diagnosis: Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder 241 Prevalence and Demographic Characteristics 290
Causal Factors in Unipolar Mood Disorders 242 Causes of Conversion Disorders 291
Biological Causal Factors 242 Developments in Research What Can
Psychological Causal Factors 247 Neuroimaging Tell Us about Conversion Disorder? 291
Developments in Research Why Do Sex Treatment of Conversion Disorder 292
Differences in Unipolar Depression Emerge Developments in Practice Treatment of a Patient
During Adolescence? 254 Who Was Mute 293
Bipolar and Related Disorders 257 Factitious Disorder 293
Cyclothymic Disorder 257 DSM-5 Criteria for. . . Factitious Disorder 293
Bipolar Disorders (I and II) 257
Identifying Factitious Disorder 293
Causal Factors in Bipolar Disorders 260 Distinguishing Between Different Types of Somatic
Biological Causal Factors 260 Symptom and Related Disorders 294
Psychological Causal Factors 262 Dissociative Disorders: An Overview 295
Sociocultural Factors Affecting Unipolar Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder 296
and Bipolar Disorders 263 DSM-5 Criteria for. . . Depersonalization/
Cross-Cultural Differences in Derealization Disorder 298
Depressive Symptoms 263
Dissociative Amnesia 298
Cross-Cultural Differences in Prevalence 263
DSM-5 Criteria for. . . Dissociative Amnesia 299
Treatments and Outcomes 264
Thinking Critically about DSM-5 Where Does
Pharmacotherapy 264
Conversion Disorder Belong? 301
Alternative Biological Treatments 266
Dissociative Identity Disorder 301
Psychotherapy 267
DSM-5 Criteria for. . . Dissociative Identity Disorder 302
Suicide: The Clinical Picture and the Causal Pattern 270
Who Attempts and Dies by Suicide? 271 Causal Factors and Controversies about DID 303
Psychological Disorders 272 The World Around Us DID, Schizophrenia,
and Split Personality: Clearing Up the Confusion 303
The World Around Us Warning Signs for Suicide 273
Current Perspectives 306
Other Psychosocial Factors Associated with Suicide 274
Biological Factors 274 Cultural Factors, Treatments, and Outcomes in
Dissociative Disorders 308
Theoretical Models of Suicidal Behavior 275
Cultural Factors in Dissociative Disorders 308
Suicide Prevention and Intervention 276
Treatment and Outcomes in
Treatment of Mental Disorders 276
Dissociative Disorders 309
Crisis Intervention 276
Unresolved Issues DID and the Reality of
Focus on High-Risk Groups and Other Measures 277
“Recovered Memories” 310
Unresolved Issues Is There a Right to Die? 277
Summary 311
Summary 278
In Review Questions 313
In Review Questions 280
8 Somatic Symptom and Dissociative 9 Eating Disorders and Obesity 314
Disorders 281
Clinical Aspects of Eating Disorders 316
Anorexia Nervosa 316
Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders:
An Overview 282 DSM-5 Criteria for. . . Anorexia Nervosa 316
Somatic Symptom Disorder 283 Bulimia Nervosa 318
DSM-5 Criteria for. . . Somatic Symptom Disorder 283 DSM-5 Criteria for. . . Bulimia Nervosa 318
Causes of Somatic Symptom Disorder 284 Binge-Eating Disorder 319
Treatment of Somatic Symptom Disorder 286 DSM-5 Criteria for. . . Binge-Eating Disorder 320
Illness Anxiety Disorder 287 Age of Onset and Gender Differences 321
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8 Contents
Thinking Critically about DSM-5 Other Forms Difficulties in Studying the Causes of
of Eating Disorders 322 Personality Disorders 357
Prevalence of Eating Disorders 322 Cluster A Personality Disorders 358
Medical Complications of Eating Disorders 323 Paranoid Personality Disorder 358
Course and Outcome 324 DSM-5 Criteria for. . . Paranoid
Diagnostic Crossover 325 Personality Disorder 359
Association of Eating Disorders with Other Schizoid Personality Disorder 359
Forms of Psychopathology 325 DSM-5 Criteria for. . . Schizoid
Eating Disorders Across Cultures 326 Personality Disorder 360
The World Around Us The Healthy Immigrant 327 Schizotypal Personality Disorder 360
Risk and Causal Factors in Eating Disorders 327 DSM-5 Criteria for. . . Schizotypal
Biological Factors 328 Personality Disorder 361
Sociocultural Factors 330 Cluster B Personality Disorders 362
Family Influences 331 Histrionic Personality Disorder 362
Individual Risk Factors 332 DSM-5 Criteria for. . . Histrionic
Treatment of Eating Disorders 335 Personality Disorder 362
Treatment of Anorexia Nervosa 335 Narcissistic Personality Disorder 363
Treatment of Bulimia Nervosa 336 DSM-5 Criteria for. . . Narcissistic
Developments in Practice New Options for Personality Disorder 364
Adults with Anorexia Nervosa 337 Antisocial Personality Disorder 365
Treatment of Binge-Eating Disorder 338 DSM-5 Criteria for. . . Antisocial
The Problem of Obesity 339 Personality Disorder 366
Medical Issues and Prevalence 339 Borderline Personality Disorder 368
Weight Stigma 339 Thinking Critically about DSM-5 Nonsuicidal
The World Around Us Do Negative Messages Self-Injury: Distinct Disorder or Symptom of
about Being Overweight Encourage Overweight Borderline Personality Disorder? 370
People to Eat More or Less? 341
DSM-5 Criteria for. . . Borderline
Obesity and the DSM 341 Personality Disorder 371
Risk and Causal Factors in Obesity 341 Cluster C Personality Disorders 373
The Role of Genes 341 Avoidant Personality Disorder 373
Hormones Involved in Appetite and Weight
DSM-5 Criteria for. . . Avoidant
Regulation 342
Personality Disorder 374
Sociocultural Influences 342
Dependent Personality Disorder 374
Family Influences 344
DSM-5 Criteria for. . . Dependent
Stress and “Comfort Food” 345
Personality Disorder 375
Pathways to Obesity 345
Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder 376
Treatment of Obesity 346
General Sociocultural Causal Factors for
Lifestyle Modifications 346
Personality Disorders 377
Medications 347
DSM-5 Criteria for. . . Obsessive-Compulsive
Bariatric Surgery 347
Personality Disorder 377
The Importance of Prevention 348
Treatments and Outcomes for Personality Disorders 378
Unresolved Issues The Role of Public Policy
Adapting Therapeutic Techniques to Specific
in the Prevention of Obesity 349
Personality Disorders 378
Summary 349
Treating Borderline Personality Disorder 379
In Review Questions 350
The World Around Us Marsha Linehan
Reveals Her Own Struggle with Borderline
10 Personality Disorders 351
Personality Disorder 380
Clinical Features of Personality Disorders 352 Treating Other Personality Disorders 381
Challenges in Personality Disorders Research 354 Psychopathy 381
Difficulties in Diagnosing Personality Disorders 354 Dimensions of Psychopathy 382
Thinking Critically about DSM-5 Why Were No Developments in Research Are You Working for a
Changes Made to the Way Personality Disorders Are Psychopath? 385
Diagnosed? 356 The Clinical Picture in Psychopathy 386
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Contents 9
Causal Factors in Psychopathy 387 Treatments and Outcomes 423
Developmental and Social Perspectives on Hallucinogens 423
Psychopathy 389
LSD 423
Treatments and Outcomes in
Mescaline and Psilocybin 423
Psychopathic Personality 390
Ecstasy 424
Unresolved Issues DSM-5: How Can We
Marijuana 424
Improve the Classification of Personality
The World Around Us What Should
Disorders? 391
the Legal Drinking Age Be? 426
Summary 392
Gambling Disorder 427
In Review Questions 394
DSM-5 Criteria for. . . Gambling Disorder 427
11 Substance-Related Disorders 395 Unresolved Issues Exchanging Addictions:
Is This an Effective Treatment Approach? 429
Alcohol-Related Disorders 397
Summary 429
The Prevalence, Comorbidity, and Demographics of
In Review Questions 431
Alcohol Use Disorder 397
The Clinical Picture of Alcohol-Related Disorders 398
DSM-5 Criteria for. . . Alcohol Use Disorder 399 12 Sexual Dysfunctions, Gender
Developments in Research Fetal Alcohol Dysphoria, and Paraphilic
Syndrome: How Much Drinking Is Too Much? 401 Disorders 432
Causal Factors in Alcohol Use Disorder 403
Sexual Dysfunctions 433
Biological Causal Factors in Alcohol Use Disorder 403
DSM-5 Criteria for. . . Different Sexual
Psychosocial Causal Factors in Alcohol Abuse
Dysfunctions 434
and Dependence 404
Sexual Dysfunctions in Men 436
The World Around Us Binge Drinking
Male Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder 436
in College 406
Erectile Disorder 437
Sociocultural Causal Factors 407
Premature (Early) Ejaculation 438
Treatment of Alcohol-Related Disorders 407
Delayed Ejaculation Disorder 439
Use of Medications in Treating Alcohol Abuse
and Dependency 408 Sexual Dysfunctions in Women 439
Psychological Treatment Approaches 408 Female Sexual Interest/Arousal Disorder 439
Controlled Drinking versus Abstinence 410 Genito-Pelvic Pain/Penetration Disorder 440
Alcoholics Anonymous 410 Female Orgasmic Disorder 441
Outcome Studies and Issues in Treatment 411 Gender Dysphoria 442
Relapse Prevention 412 The Clinical Picture 442
Substance Use Disorder 412 DSM-5 Criteria for. . . Gender Dysphoria in
Opium and Its Derivatives 413 Children 442
Biological Effects of Morphine and Heroin 414 DSM-5 Criteria for. . . Gender Dysphoria in
Social Effects of Morphine and Heroin 415 Adolescents and Adults 442
Causal Factors in Opiate Abuse and Dependence 415 Treatment for Gender Dysphoria 444
Neural Bases for Physiological Addiction 416 Paraphilic Disorders 444
Addiction Associated with Psychopathology 417 Voyeuristic Disorder 445
Treatments and Outcomes 417 DSM-5 Criteria for. . . Several Different
Stimulants 417 Paraphilic Disorders 446
Cocaine 417 Exhibitionistic Disorder 446
Amphetamines 418 Frotteuristic Disorder 447
Methamphetamine 419 Sexual Sadism Disorder 447
Thinking Critically about DSM-5 Can Changes Sexual Masochism Disorder 449
to the Diagnostic Criteria Result in Increased Fetishistic Disorder 449
Drug Use? 420 Transvestic Disorder 450
Caffeine and Nicotine 420 Causal Factors and Treatments for
Paraphilic Disorders 451
Sedatives 422
Effects of Barbiturates 422 Sexual Abuse 451
Causal Factors in Barbiturate Abuse Childhood Sexual Abuse 452
and Dependence 422 Pedophilic Disorder 453
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