A Treatise of Legal Philosophy and General Jurisprudence: Volume 12: Legal Philosophy in the Twentieth Century: The Civil Law World, Tome 1: Language Areas, Tome 2: Main Orientations and Topics

1952 Pages·2016·13.821 MB·

by  Enrico Pattaro, Corrado Roversi (eds.)

A TREATISE OF LEGAL PHILOSOPHY
AND GENERAL JURISPRUDENCE
Editor-in-Chief: Enrico Pattaro
Volume 12
Legal Philosophy in
the Twentieth Century:
The Civil Law World
edited by
Enrico Pattaro
and
Corrado Roversi
Tome 1
Language Areas
A Treatise of Legal Philosophy and General Jurisprudence
Volume 12
Legal Philosophy in the Twentieth Century: The Civil Law World
ATreatise of Legal Philosophy and General Jurisprudence
Editor-in-Chief
Enrico Pattaro, CIRSFID and Law Faculty, University of Bologna, Italy
Advisory Board
Norberto Bobbio †
Ronald M. Dworkin †
Lawrence M. Friedman, Stanford Law School, Stanford University, USA
Knud Haakonssen, Department of History, University of Sussex, UK
Associate Editors
Gerald J. Postema, Department of Philosophy, The University of North
Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
Peter G. Stein, Emeritus Regius Professor of Civil Law, University
of Cambridge, UK
Assistant Editor
Antonino Rotolo, Department of Legal Studies and CIRSFID, University
of Bologna, Italy
A Treatise of Legal Philosophy and GeneralJurisprudence
Volume 12
Legal Philosophy in the Twentieth
Century: The Civil Law World
Tome 1: Language Areas
edited by
Enrico Pattaro
CIRSFID and Law Faculty, University of Bologna
and
Corrado Roversi
Departmen to fLega lStudies and CIRSFID ,University o fBologna
with contributions by

Mikhail Antonov, André Jean Arnaud, José Manuel Aroso Linhares, Manuel
Atienza, Carla Henriete Bevilacqua Piccolo, Uta Bindreiter, Vihren Bouzov,
Alexander Bröstl, Pierre Brunet, Agostino Carrino, Veronique Champeil-Desplats,
Svein Eng, Carla Faralli, Tomasz Gizbert-Studnicki, Jean Louis Halpérin, Jasminka
Hasanbegovi(cid:252), Carlos Miguel Herrera, Hasso Hofmann, Adrian-Paul Iliescu,
Federico Lijoi, Susanna Lindroos-Hovinheimo, Ronaldo Macedo, Luís Meneses do
Vale, Eric Millard, Ivan Padjen, Henrik Palmer Olsen, Marijan Pav(cid:254)nik, Krzysztof
P(cid:225)eszka, Benjamín Rivaya, Antonino Scalone, Alessandro Serpe, Ana Margarida
Simões Gaudêncio, Arend Soeteman, José de Sousa e Brito, Constantinos Stamatis,
Giuliana Stella, Simina T(cid:259)n(cid:259)sescu, Mark Van Hoecke, Csaba Varga, Rodolfo
Vázquez, Jan Wole(cid:276)ski

Assistant Editors: Erica Calardo, Francesca Faenza, Nicoletta Bersier Ladavac,
Migle Laukyte, and Filippo Valente
Editors
Enrico Pattaro Corrado Roversi
CIRSFID CIRSFID
University of Bologna University of Bologna
Bologna, Italy Bologna, Italy

ISBN 978-94-007-1478-6 ISBN 978-94-007-1479-3 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-1479-3

Library of Congress Control Number: 2016945793

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
A Note on the Authors and the Editors XXI
General Editor’s Preface XXXIII
Preface by the Editors of Volume 12
(by Enrico Pattaro and Corrado Roversi) XXXV
Part One - The German-Speaking Countries
Premise
(by Agostino Carrino and Hasso Hofmann) 3
Introduction: Philosophy of Law and Conceptions of the World
(by Agostino Carrino) 5
Chapter 1 - The Rebirth of Legal Philosophy within
the Frame of Neo-Kantianism
(by Agostino Carrino) 13
1.1. Neo-Kantianism of the Baden School as a Philosophy
of Values: Windelband, Rickert, and Lask 13
1.2. The Neo-Kantianism of the Marburg School: Cohen,
Natorp, Cassirer 16
1.3. Rudolf Stammler’s Social Idealism 18
1.4. Emil Lask’s Philosophy of Law 23
1.5. Ethics and the Science of Law in Hermann Cohen 26
1.6. Ethics and Law in Paul Natorp (by Federico Lijoi) 29
1.7. Ernst Cassirer and Natural Law 31
1.8. Law and Worldviews: Gustav Radbruch’s Three-Dimensional
Conception of Law 34
1.9. Sovereignty and Legal Consciousness in Leonard Nelson’s
Legal Philosophy 39
1.10. Fritz Münch’s and Max Ernst Mayer’s Philosophy of Culture 42
1.10.1. The Philosophy of Culture 42
1.10.2. Fritz Münch 45
1.10.3. Max Ernst Mayer’s Philosophy of Law 47
VIII TREATISE, 12 (1) - 20TH CENTURY: THE CIVIL LAW WORLD
Chapter 2 - Logistic Normativism: The Wiener rechtstheoretische
Schule
(by Agostino Carrino) 51
2.1. Precursors of the Pure Theory of Law: František Weyr 51
2.1.1. Introductory Remarks 51
2.1.2. The Law as a Unitary System 51
2.1.3. Validity and Causality 53
2.1.4. The Autonomy of Legal Science 54
2.1.5. Public Law and Private Law 55
2.1.6. The Hierarchical Structure of the Legal System
and the “Metanormative” 57
2.1.7. Sein and Sollen 58
2.1.8. Teleology 60
2.1.9. The Practice and Theory of Law 61
2.1.10. On the Concept of Sovereignty 62
2.2. Precursors of the Pure Theory of Law: Hugo Krabbe
(by Giuliana Stella) 65
2.3. Hans Kelsen’s Normativist Logicism (from 1911 to 1934) 72
2.3.1. Substance and Function in Kelsen’s Philosophy of Law 72
2.3.2. The Problem of Legal Science in Kelsen’s
Pure Theory of Law 83
2.3.2.1. The Disavowal 83
2.3.2.2. The Irrationalism Marking the Second
Phase of the RRL 89
2.3.2.3. The Aporias in the RRL 93
2.3.2.4. What Is the RRL Good For? 99
2.3.2.5. A Pessimistic Anthropology 103
2.3.2.6. The Basic Norm: Critical Idealism or
Critical Positivism? 105
2.3.2.7. Formal Logical Natural-Law Theory and
Pacifism 108
2.3.2.8. Kelsen and Hegel 110
2.3.2.9. Kelsen’s Theory of Law as a Logic
of Law 112
2.3.2.10. Between Purity and Reality: The Theory
of Legal Interpretation in the RRL 114
2.4. The Vienna School of Law: Merkl and Verdross 116
2.4.1. Adolf J. Merkl and the Hierarchical Construction of Law 116
2.4.2. Alfred Verdross and the Grundnorm of International Law 119
2.5. Kelsen’s Critics 124
2.5.1. Introduction 124
2.5.2. Fritz Sander (by Federico Lijoi) 124
2.5.3. Alexander Hold von Ferneck (by Antonino Scalone) 129
TABLE OF CONTENTS IX
2.5.4. Ernst Schwind: Between History and the
Philosophy of Law 131
Chapter 3 - The Sociological Philosophy of Law as an Alternative
to Normativism
(by Agostino Carrino) 133
3.1. Hermann Ulrich Kantorowicz and the Free Law Movement 133
3.2. Ignatz Kornfeld and the Law as Force 139
3.3. Eugen Ehrlich and the Foundation of Legal Sociology 142
3.4. Karl Georg Wurzel and the Social Dynamics of Law 149
3.5. Ernst Seidler and Empirical Social Science 152
3.6. Legal Science and Psychology According to Wilhelm Wundt
(by Federico Lijoi) 154
Chapter 4 - From Criticism to the Phenomenology of Law
(by Giuliana Stella) 157
4.1. Introduction: The Genesis of the Method 157
4.2. Adolf Reinach and the A Priori Elements of Law 159
4.3. Gerhart Husserl and Law between Time and History 165
4.4. Felix Kaufmann: The Form and Meaning of Legal Norms 174
4.5. Fritz Schreier and Legal Interpretation 180
Chapter 5 - From the Criticism of Neo-Kantianism
to Neo-Hegelianism in the Philosophy of Law
(by Agostino Carrino) 189
5.1. The Crisis of Neo-Kantianism in Erich Kaufmann’s
Philosophy of Law 189
5.2. Two Precursors of Legal Neo-Hegelianism: Josef Kohler
and Fritz Berolzheimer 193
5.3. Julius Binder, Founder of the Neo-Hegelian School 194
5.4. Karl Larenz up to 1933 202
5.5. Walther Schönfeld: From Idealistic Personalism
to Christian Theology of Law 204
Chapter 6 - Law and the State in the Conservative Revolution
(by Agostino Carrino) 209
6.1. Law and the State in Oswald Spengler 209
6.2. Law and the State in Othmar Spann’s Universalist Philosophy 212
6.3. Nihilism, Power, and Bourgeois Law in Ernst Jünger 216
6.4. Rudolf Smend and the Constitution as “Integration” 220