A taxonomic revision of Indonesian Gelidiales (Rhodophyta)

34 Pages·1991·7.6 MB·English

by  Hatta, A M

BLUMEA 35 (1991) 347-380
A taxonomic revision of Indonesian Gelidiales
(Rhodophyta)
A.M. Hatta & W.F. Prud’homme+van+Reine
Rijksherbarium/Hortus Botanicus,Leiden,TheNetherlands
Summary
Inthisstudy 12 taxaare treated,belongingtofourdifferent genera ofGelidiales (i.e. Gelidiella,
Gelidium,Pterocladia, andPorphyroglossum) aswell asonespecies ofWurdemannia,agenus of
unknown affinity. One new species,Gelidium amboniense,andanewforma,Gelidium latifolium
forma elongatum,aredescribed. Holotypematerial ofGelidium bornetii Weber-van Bossein the
Weber-van Bosse collection in Leiden canbesynonymizedwith Gelidiella lubrica (Kützing)Feld-
mann& Hamel,while theoriginalsamplein the herbarium in Copenhagenonlycontains Gelidium
pusillum (Stackhouse)Le Jolis varminusculumWeber-van Bosse. Inthekey tothe genera and
species wealsoinclude the very similar genus CeratodictyonZanardini (=GelidiopsisSchmitz).
Introduction
Weber-van Bosse (1921) describedtwo groups withinthe genusGelidiumLa-
mouroux(Gelidiales) forIndonesia, viz. Gelidiumwithoutand withinternalfila-
ments.Thefirst group,ofwhichGelidiumpannosumBornetis arepresentative, has
been separated fromthe genus Gelidiums.s. by FeldmannandHamel(1934) and
hasbeen includedintheir new genus Gelidiella.Fan (1961) proposed anewfamily
(Gelidiellaceae) forthis genus.ThesecondofWeber-vanBosse's groupsconsisted
ofspecies nowplaced inthegeneraGelidiumandPterocladiaJ.Agardh.
Inthe diagnosis ofthemonogeneric family Gelidiellaceae, Fan (1961) statedthat
this family is lacking internalfilamentsas wellas asexual phase. However, recent
investigations showthat internalrhizines as well as sexual reproduction mayoccur
in this genus. Maggs and Guiry(1987) haveobserved internalrhizines in theirnew
species Gelidiellacalcicola, although only in a limitedarea aroundtheattachment
points. Acystocarpic plantofanunnamedGelidiellaspecies has beenfoundinIndia
by RaoandTrivedi (1980).
Todecidewhether specimens belong toPterocladiaor toGelidiumis usually not
veryeasy. Many attempts havebeen madeto findcharacters separating thesegen-
era. Thecharacters suggested include thelocationofinternalrhizines (Feldmann &
Hamel, 1936; Loomis, 1949; Taylor, 1960),thestructureofthecystocarp (Feldmann
1) Recentaddress: Indonesian InstituteofSciences,CentreforOceanologicalResearch and Develop-
ment,P.O.Box 44,Ambon, Indonesia.
348 BLUMEA VOL. 35,No. 2, 1991
Kam- Taka
13.
Nusa
Island;
4.
Bay;
Damar
Jakarta
12.
3.
Timor;
Sumatra);
11.
Mid Flores;
of
10.
coast
Komodo; Islands.
(S
Arau
9. Kei
Muara Sumba; 17.
Ambon;
2.
8.
Nias;
Sumbawa; 16.
1.
Strait;
text.
7.
the Galewo
in Lombok;
included 15.
6.
Island;
Madura;
names
Daram
5.
geographicalJava); 14.
Islands);
Mid
of of
coast (Tiger
Location
(S Rate
1.
bangan
Bone
Fig.
A.M.Hatta& W.F. Prud'homme vanReinc: Revision ofIndonesian Gelidiales 349
& Hamel, 1936;Fan, 1961;Santelices, 1977),the apical structure (Rodriguez &
Santelices, 1987, 1988), and the morphology and dimensionsofperipheral cells
(Akatsuka, 1981, 1982) and of medullary cells (Loomis, 1949; Fan, 1961). How-
ever, theposition ofinternalrhizines, the apicalstructure, andthemorphology and
dimensionofcellscan only beusedtoseparatespecies andare not suitabletodefine
genera.Differences inthe structureofthecystocarp (usually unilocularoroccasion-
ally unequally bilocular, withonly onesurface provided withone ormoreostioles in
Pterocladia, andalways bilocular, with oneormoreostiolesineach surfaceinGeli-
dium)have generally been accepted as differentiating characters. New generade-
scribed recently (PterocladiastrumAkatsuka 1986a,andOnikusa Akatsuka, 1986b)
sharethecystocarp charactersofPterocladiaandGelidiumrespectively.
LiteratureaboutthetaxonomyofIndonesianseaweeds isscanty andmostpapers
aboutthese seaweeds discuss theireconomic value(Eisses, 1953; Zaneveld, 1955,
1959;Soegiarto, 1978). Intheyears 1984-1985the Indonesian-DutchSnellius-II
Expedition to Indonesianwaters took placeandinthemonthsAugust andSeptember
1984manyseaweedshave been sampled. Thepurposeofthis study is to revise the
informationabout IndonesianGelidialesas based on papers by Weber-van Bosse
(1926,1928) and to incorporate all availableadditionalmaterial. One other genus
showing morphological resemblanceto theGelidialeswill alsobe treated:Wurde-
manniaHarvey (Wurdemanniaceae, afamilyofunknown affinity, possibly belong-
ing to theorderGigartinales),while in thekey wealso include themuchresembling
genusCeratodictyon Zanardini(probably Gracilariaceae, Gigartinales).
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Specimens coming fromthefollowing sources havebeenstudied:
— specimens collectedduringtheDutchSiboga Expedition (1899-1900) and other
specimens studiedby Mrs. Weber-vanBosse. Itis apity, however, thatmanyof
the specimens studiedby Weber-vanBosse, apartfrom thoseofthe Siboga col-
lection, are not preserved in theRijksherbarium or in theHerbariumBogoriense
(BO)and seemtohave beenlost.
— specimens collectedinIndonesiabefore1960andpreserved intheRijksherbarium,
theNationalDutchHerbariumin Leiden.
— specimens collectedduring theIndonesian-DutchSnellius-IIExpedition (Aug.-
Sept. 1984). Ofthis Snellius-IIExpedition (SN-II) theA-seriesand theC-series
(duplicates) arenowin theRijksherbarium, Leiden(L), theB- andD-series arein
theCentreforOceanological Researchand Development - IndonesianInstituteof
Sciences, in Jakarta(JAK) andinAmbon(AMB) respectively andtheE-series is
in theBotanicalInstituteoftheUniversity ofGent,Belgium (GENT).
For herbariarecordedintheIndexHerbariorumweuse thestandardizedabbrevia-
tions.
Ofall specimens theirexternal morphology as welas theiranatomyhasbeenstud-
ied to name these specimens according tomodern classificationand nomenclature.
Sectionsofherbarium specimens have been madeeither by hand(razor blades) or
350 BLUMEA VOL. 35, No. 2, 1991
by freezing microtome.Anilineblue,in aqueousdye, is usedto colourthesections,
which are then mountedin an 80% solutionofKaro or in Aquamount. A camera
lucidais usedinall anatomicaldrawings.
All descriptions arebasedonIndonesianspecimens only,except whencharacters
arerecordedfromtype specimens originating from othercountries.When in these
descriptions layers of cellsare mentioned, thenumbersofcellscounted on straight
linesfromthalluscentre tothallussurface are recorded.
KEY TO THE GENERA AND SPECIES OF INDONESIAN GELIDIALES
AND TAXA THAT RESEMBLE THEM
la. Plants withoutinternalrhizines (no sexualreproduction known) 2
b. Plantswithinternalrhizines(sexual reproduction observedinsome species) 6
2a. Distinct apical cell present in all thalli Gelidiella (3)
b. Thalliwithoutdistinctapicalcell 14
3a. Thallususually more than 25mm high,rigid, proximalpartsoferectaxes cy-
lindrical, distalparts compressed, straight or curvedabaxially. Apical cell dist-
inctly separated from the other cells 1. Gelidiella acerosa
b. Thallusless than25mmhigh,cartilaginous, cylindricalorsomewhatcompressed
throughout, unbranchedor branching (irregularly) pinnate. Apical cellnot dis-
tinctly separated fromtheothercells 4
4a. Thallususually more than 10mm high, branching bipinnateor tripinnate
3. Gelidiella myrioclada
b. Thallususually less than 10 mmhigh, theerectpart unbranchedor very little
branched 5
5a. Only oneortwo layers ofinnercorticalcellsaroundonetierofmedullacells
4. Gelidiella pannosa
b. Morethan twolayers ofinnercorticalcells andmedullacells not inonly one
tier 2. Gelidiella lubrica
6a. Matureplants usuallyless than 1cm highandoftencrowdedtogether forming
mats 7
b. Matureplants usually morethan 1 cm high 11
7a. Only onelayer ofinnercorticalcellsaroundonetierofmedullacells
5. Gelidiumamboniense
b. Always more thanonelayerofinnercorticalcellspresent 8
8a. Erect thallusparts mostly unbranched;filiformorspatulate throughout
8. Gelidium pusillum var. minusculum
b. Thalluswithbranched erectparts 9
9a. Erectpartscompressed throughout 10
b. Erectparts cylindrical or distallybecoming compressed. Branching irregular,
oftentrifidand not in oneplane 9. Gelidium pusillum var. cylindricum
10a. Branchingoferectparts irregularor scarce. Always sterile.Juvenilesof
7. Gelidium pusillum var. pusillum
b. Branchingof erectpartspectinate. Cystocarps unilocular, sometimesarranged
in series 12. Pterocladia caloglossoides
A.M.Hatta& W.F.Prud'homme vanRcinc: Revision of Indonesian Gelidiales 351
11a. Smallramulipresent, arranged in longitudinal rows onthe surfaceofthe flat-
tened erectpartsofthe thallus 10. Porphyroglossum zollingeri
b. Small ramuliabsentor not arranged inlongitudinal rows 12
12a. Erectparts withscarce orirregularbranching, proximal erectparts constricted,
distallyflattenedthroughout (upto 1000|im inwidth)
7. Gclidium pusillum var. pusillum
b. Erectparts pinnate orwithopposite branches 13
13a. Branchingoferectthallusopposite, oftenpinnate withpyramidal outline, rigid;
apical cell sunken or exposed . . 6. Gelidiuntlatifolium forma elongatum
b. Branching oferectthallus pinnate, notpyramidal inoutline, cartilaginous; api-
calcell exposed 11. Pterocladia caerulescens
14a. Tetrasporangia zonately divided.Corticalcells and medullacellsin cross sec-
tion are almost isodiametric 13. Wurdemannia miniata
b. Tetrasporangia cruciatelvor tetrahedrally divided.Innermostcorticalcellslarger
thancells ofouter cortexand thanmedullacells Ceratodictyon
A detailedstudy ofIndonesianCeratodictyon willbepublished separately.
GELIDIELLA
EchinocaulonKiitzing (1843)405,nom. illeg., nonEchinocaulon Spach (1841)521 (a genus of
floweringplants); Gelidiella Feldmann & Hamcl (1934)529,nom. nov. — Type: Echino-
caulonspinellumKutzing(1843)406 =Gelidiella acerosa(ForsskAl) Feldmann & Hamcl.
AcrocarpusKutzing (1843) 405,nom.illeg., non Wight(1839) 198 (a genusoffloweringplants).
—Lectotype:Acrocarpus lubricus Kutzing = Gelidiellalubrica (Kutzing)Feldmann&
Hamel.
For description and discussion seeFan (1961: 340) and Maggs & Guiry(1987:
431-433). For Indonesianspecies see alsoTable 1.
1. Gelidiella acerosa (Forsskål) Feldmann& Hamel - Fig. 2
Fucus acerosusForsskdl (1775) 190.—Echinocaulon acerosumBprgesen (1932)5. —Gelidiella
acerosaFeldmann & Hamcl (1934)533; Dawson (1954)422; Rao (1970)64, t. 1; Santelices
(1977)63; Lawson& John (1982) 172,t.21,f.2.—Type: Mokka, Yemen (C, not seen).
Fucus rigidus Vahl (1802)46, nom.illeg., non Turra (1780) 68.—Sphaerococcus rigidus C.
Agardh (1822)285,nom. nov. —GelidiumrigidumGrevillc (1830)LVII.—Echinocaulon
rigidum Kutzing(1868) 14,t.40,f. a-d.—GelidiopsisrigidaWeber-van Bosse (1904) 104;
(1928)42.—Type: St.Croix,VirginIslands (notseen).
Fucus spinaeformis Lamouroux (1805)77, t. 36,f. 3 & 4.—Gelidium spiniforme Lamouroux
(1813) 129.—Type: Mauritius (notseen).
Echinocaulon spinellum Kutzing (1843) 406, (1868) 14, t. 38,f. d& e. — Typ e: Mariancn,
Gaudichaud inherb. Kunth (L941,27-215).
Echinocaulon ramelliferumKQtzing(1868) 14,t.39,f. d-f.—Typ e: NewCaledonia,Vieillard
2061(L941,11-63;not L941,11-9,which isGracilia spec.).
Gelidiopsisacerosavar. semipinnataWcbcr-van Bossc (1928)428 (Indonesianmaterial only, sec
note 1).—Notypeselected.
Gelidiellaacerosaformaminima Rao(1970)67, t. 1,f. c.—Ty p e: Adatra,Okha,India, in Cen-
tral Saltand Marine Chemicals Institute,Bhaunagar,India (CSMRI- 4223 - D,notseen).(See
note2).
352 BLUMEA VOL. 35, No. 2, 1991
Fig. 2.Gelidiella acerosa. a. Habit (arrow:slichidia);b. surfaceview ofthe apex ofanerect thallus;
c. stichidium,densely covered with tetrasporangia; d. crosssection ofastichidium with tetraspo-
rangia;e.surface view ofcortical cells; f&g.crosssections oferect thallus parts,f.with external
andinner corticalcells,g.with small medulla cells surrounded by largeinnermost cortical cells (a,
c-eKomodo Is., SN-II, 10850;bGalewo Strait,L940,355-78;f, gKomodo Is., SN-II, 10812).
Mature plants tufted, 0.5-9 cm high; consisting ofcylindrical prostrate axes
(diam. 100-320pm),attached tothe substratumby disk-like haptera issued atirreg-
ular intervals and with erect,rigid, branched or unbranched, straight or abaxially
curvedthallusparts, proximally cylindrical (diam. 100-400pm) and distally com-
pressed (450-600 x 300-350pmin cross section) (fig. 2a). Branching pectinate
orpinnate, opposite, alternate,orsecund; smallterminalramulifiliformorspatulate
(fig. 2a). Apexofaxes andbranches conicalorattenuate;apical cell separated from
theothercells butnot very conspicuous (fig. 2b). Externalcortical cellsin surface
viewdiagonally arranged, thick-walledandrectangular incross section, 2-5 x4-8
pm,anticlinally elongate (fig. 2e, f);inner cortical cells in cross section rounded,
diameterinwards grading from 3 to 26 pm (fig. 2f, g). Medullacells roundedin
cross sectionand smallerthan innermostcorticalcells, diameter15-20pm(fig. 2g),
A.M. Hatla & W.F.Prud'homme vanReine: Revision ofIndonesian Gelidiales 353
longitudinally elongate. Tetrasporangia inswollenconicalstichidialocatedin theter-
minalramuli(fig. 2a, arrow); stichidia 150-180x 300-350pm and densely or
sparsely, regularly or irregularly covered with tetrasporangia (fig. 2c). Proximal
tetrasporangia usually in a moreadvanced stage than distalones, ovate insurface
view(c. 20pmin width), oblong incross sectionofthe stichidia(30-42 x23-28
pm) (fig. 2d).
Distribution. World: in warm temperate and tropical seas all over the
world.Indonesia:commonin allIndonesianseas.
Discussion. This species can be distinguished easily fromotherGelidiales
by itsexternal morphology. Itoccurs inthelittoralzoneon wave-exposed shoresas
well as in tidalpools, in the shallow sublittoraland even in water of30 m depth
(Komodo Island, SN-II, 10980). The41 Indonesiansamples did not show morpho-
logical discontinuities; variationin dimensionsis the only striking element.These
dimensionsrangein our samples from8.5 mm high (Timor, L 941,27-253) up to
9 cm high plants (GalewoStrait, IrianJaya, L940,355-78).
Notes. 1. Specimens recorded by Weber-van Bosse (1928) as belonging to
var. semipinnata (Piccone & Grunow) Weber-vanBosse fallin therangeofvariation
inmorphology and dimensionsofthis species andthereforecannot betreatedas a
separateinfra-specific taxon. Isotype materialofGelidiumsemipinnatum Piccone &
Grunowin Piccone(1884: 315) in L belongs to Gelidiellalubrica (Kiitzing) Feld-
mann& Hamel.
2. Thedimensionsoftheplants ofGelidiellaacerosa formaminimaas describ-
edbyRao(1970) are withintherangeofvariationofsamples fromIndonesia.There
is noreason to considerthese specimens as belonging to a separate infra-specific
taxon.
2. Gelidiella lubrica (Kützing) Feldmann & Hamel - Fig. 3
Acrocarpuslubricus Kiitzing (1843)405, t.60 II; (1849)761; (1868) t.32.—Gelidiellalubrica
Feldmann & Hamel (1934)535, f. 3-5;Womersley & Bailey (1970)305.—Ty p e: Naples,
Italy (L941,46-46and941,46-347).
Gelidium semipinnatumPiccone &Grunow inPiccone(1884)315. —Gelidiopsisrigidavarsemi-
pinnataWeber-van Bosse (1928)428.—Isotype: Assab Bay, Eritrea,Ethiopia, leg. A.
Issel,onPatella (L941,46-291,seenote 1toG.acerosa).
Gelidium bornetiiWeber-van Bosse (1926)107.— Gelidiellabornetii Feldmann & Hamel (1934)
535; Bprgesen (1938)210,f. 2; Dawson (1957a) 113, f. 21; Cribb(1983) 30, t. 7, f. 1.—
L ectoty p e:Nusa Kambangan,Java,Indonesia,leg. Jensen (L941,27-296).
Small (3-5 mm high), mat forming, saxicolous plants; consisting ofcylindri-
calor somewhat compressed prostrate axes ( diam.90-127 pm), attached to the
substratumby peg-like haptera issued atirregular intervals andopposite to theun-
branchedor scarcely andirregularly branched, cartilaginous, filiformor somewhat
compressed, erect thallusparts, diameter60-80pm(fig. 3a, b). Apex oferectpart
attenuate;exposed apical cellnot separated fromtheothercells and quiteconspicu-
ous. External corticalcells angularin surface view, diameter4-7pm,longitudinally
andtransversely arranged in youngerparts, more irregular inolderparts (f. 3d). In
cross section externalcortical cells quadrangular, diameter4-8 pm; innercortical
354 BLUMEA VOL. 35, No. 2, 1991
Fig. 3.Gelidiella lubrica.a&b. Details ofplants; c.stichidium;d. surface view ofexternal cortical
cells;e& f. cross sections oferect parts,e. maturepart,f.youngpart(a,b, d,eNoimini,Timor,L
941,27-295;cTakaBoneRate,SN-II,11224-,flectotypeofGelidiella bornetii fromNusaKamban-
gan, S coast Mid Java,L941, 27-296).
cells and medullacells rounded, diameteroften inwardsgrading from7to 12pm
(fig. 3e, f).Medullacells areelongate in longitudinal direction, diameteras ininter-
nal corticalcells or smaller. Tetrasporangia in terminalstichidia whichare slightly
swollenor not,cylindricalor lanceolateandsomewhatcompressed (250-650 x98-
115 pm), usually densely covered withtetrasporangia (mostly cruciate and often
tetrahedral) which are arranged in transverse rows or inchevronsor are irregularly
scattered(fig. 3c). Proximal tetrasporangia usually more advancedthan distalones,
ovate in surface view(19-32 x 10-19pm).
Distribution. World: in warm temperateandtropical seas: Mediterranean,
India, Indonesia, MarshallIslands, SolomonIslands, GreatBarrierReef.Indonesia:
NusaKambangan (S coast ofMidJava),NoiminiBay (Timor) andTakaBoneRate
(Tiger Islands).
Discussion. These small mat-forming algae are not easily separated from
GelidiellapannosaandsmallGelidiumspecies. InGelidiellapannosathereis always
only one tierofmedullacells andthetetrasporangia areoftenregularly arranged in
chevrons ortransverse rows. In smallGelidium species thecorticalcells in surface
A.M. Hatia & W.F. Prud'hommc vanRcine: Revision of Indonesian Gelidiales 355
view are smaller, moreroundedand irregularly arranged, in cross section internal
rhizines canbe observed andthe tetrasporangia are arranged in irregular groups in
thestichidium.The tetrasporangia inGelidiellalubricacanbearranged with4-6 in
transverse rows orin chevrons, but in otherspecimens, and even inother stichidia
onthe sameplant,arrangementoftetrasporangia can be irregular. Thisirregular ar-
rangementoftetrasporangia hasbeen usedby Bprgesen (1938) andCribb (1983) to
separateGelidiellabornetiifromG.tenuissima(= G.pannosa). However,lectotype
materialofGelidiellabornetii,labelledby Weber-vanBosse, doesnot differenough
fromG. lubricato be considereda separate species. Moreover,the description by
Weber-vanBosse (1926) differs fromthelectotype in dimensions, form,andarran-
gementofthecortical cells. Two microslides in L, labelled‘Gelidiumbornetii’by
Weber-vanBosse, also conformto the description ofIndonesianspecimens ofG.
lubricaandagain are not exactly inaccordance withher description ofGelidiella(as
Gelidium)bornetii.Erectparts ofG. lubricacanbe filiform, cylindrical or somewhat
compressed and thisagain is not areliablecharactertoseparatespecies. A sample in
C,labelled'Gelidiumbornetiin. sp., NusaKambangan' consists ofapiece ofcoral
on whichonly specimens ofGelidiumpusillumvar. minusculumcouldbe detected
by us. Thedescription by Cribb(1983: 3)ofGelidiella species is in agreementwith
our conceptofG. lubrica.
Thetype material ofG. lubrica is larger(up to 3cm high) and moreprofusely
branched than the Indonesianspecimens. However, the irregulararrangementof
tetrasporangia as wellas theirarrangementin transverserows occurs in these speci-
mensandtheanatomyofthalliis not differentfromthatofIndonesianspecimens.
Note.Kutzing distributedin 1836driedspecimens collectedby himduring his
journey toItaly. In thismaterial, called'Actien',heusedthe nomennudumSphaero-
coccus lubricusforspecimens nowtobenamedGelidiellalubrica.
3. Gelidiellamyrioclada (Børgesen) Feldmann& Hamel - Fig. 4
Echinocaulon myriocladumB0rgescn (1934)5, f.4& 5. — GelidiellamyriocladaFeldmann &
Hamel (1934) 533; Bprgcscn (1935)44; Dawson (1954)422, f. 33d; Santelices (1977)66, f.
IF-H.—Type: Malabar Hill,Bombay,India,B0rgesen 5235(4slides in C, one, fig. 5a in
B0rgescn 1934,has been selectedasthelectotype).
Maturesaxicolousplants tufted,12-22mm high;consisting ofcylindrical pros-
trateaxes (diam. 75-135 pm) attached tothe substratumby peg-like haptera (75—
450 pmin length) and with erect,branched,cartilaginous thallusparts, proximally
cylindrical (diam. 80-140pm) and distally ovate throughout incross section (100-
180pm broad). Branching bipinnate or tripinnate,branchesproximally constricted;
lateralterminalramuli 1-3.5mm long, filiformorspatulate (fig. 4a). Apex ofaxes
and branches attenuate; exposed apical cell not separated from theother cells and
quite obvious. External cortical cells angular in surface view, often withrounded
edges and not arranged in distinct rows (fig. 4c), in cross sections quadrangular,
compressed (3-7 x3-10pm); first layer ofinnercortex similarto theouter cortex,
inwards followedby threelayers of ovate cells, 7-10pm wide (fig. 4d). Medulla
cells in 4-5 layers, ovate in cross section, 10-14pm wide, longitudinally elon-
gated. Tetrasporangia incompressed lanceolatestichidia, locatedinthelateralramuli;
356 BLUMEA VOL. 35. No.2, 1991
Fig. 4. Gelidiella myrioclada. a. Habit;b. stichidia with tetrasporangiaarranged in lateral rows;
c. surface view ofexternal corticalcells; d. cross section oferect thallus part (a, c, dTaka Bone
Rate,SN-II, 11262;b lectotype, Malabar,India).
stichidia380-765x 125-155p.m, withclosely setroundedtetrasporangia,arranged
in transverse rows (fig. 4b). Diameterofthe tetrasporangia 18-20|im in surface
view(description ofthestichidiais takenfromthelectotype).
Distribution.World: tropicalIndo-Pacific Oceans:Kenya, India, Vietnam,
Indonesia, Hawaii. Indonesia:TakaBoneRate (Tiger Islands; SN-II, 11262).
Discussion. Differences between the sterile specimens from Taka Bone
Rate andotherIndo-Pacific specimens concern bipinnate subopposite branching and
smallerspecimens in Vietnam(Dawson, 1954)and smallercellsin cross sectionin
Hawaiianspecimens (Santelices, 1977).The structureofthe quitesimilarly branched
GelidiellamachrisianaDawson (1957b: 17,f.4B) studiedin thetype(from Puerto
Rico, Dawson 16745, in LAM) proved to differconsistently from G. myrioclada,
especially as forthedimensionsandsituationsofthecells.
4. Gelidiellapannosa (Feldmann) Feldmann& Hamel- Fig. 5
Gelidium pannosum Bornet (1892)267, non G. pannosum Grunow, which is aCeratodictyon;
Wcber-van Bossc (1921)233,f. 68 t. 7, f.3(p.p). —Echinocaulon(?) pannosum Feldmann
(1931b) 12.—Gelidiellapannosa Feldmann & Hamel (1934)534,f. 1 &2; Cribb(1983)31,t.
6, f.2;Egcrod(1971) 127,f.29-31.—Gelidiellatenuissima Feldmann & Hamel (1936) 226,