A study on the genus Phaecasiophora Grote (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae) from the mainland of China, with descriptions of five new species

2006·2.1 MB·

by  Haili Yu

©EntomologicaFennica.3March2006
Astudy on the genus Phaecasiophora Grote (Lepidoptera:
Tortricidae: Olethreutinae) from the mainland of China,
with descriptions of five new species
HailiYu&HouhunLi*
Yu,H.&Li,H.2006:AstudyonthegenusPhaecasiophoraGrote(Lepidoptera:
Tortricidae:Olethreutinae)fromthemainlandofChina,withdescriptionsoffive
newspecies.—Entomol.Fennica17:34–45.
Fourteen species of Phaecasiophora Grote from the Chinese Mainland are
treated, including five new species (P. supparallelica sp. n., P. levis sp. n., P.
curvicostasp.n.,P.lushinasp.n.,andP.similithaiensissp.n.)andthreenewspe-
cies records for China. Phaecasiophora leechi is transferred from subgenus
Megasyca to subgenus Phaecasiophora, and a new synonym of it, viz. P.
obligataKawabe,isproposed.Photographsoftheadults,genitaliaofthenew
species,andthespecieswithnewsynonymsareprovided.Akeytothespecies
fromtheChineseMainlandbasedongenitaliaisgiven.
Haili Yu and Houhun Li, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Weijin
Road 94, Tianjin, 300071, China; correspondent author’s e-mail: lihouhun
@nankai.edu.cn
Received12April2005,accepted12July2005
1.Introduction noff1983a),andtheremainderinSouthandEast
Asia (Walsingham 1900, Meyrick 1907, 1909,
Phaecasiophora was erected by Grote (1873) 1920, 1931, Diakonoff 1959, 1973, 1983b,
based on the males having a hind tibia heavily Kawabe1982,1986,1987,1989,1993,Kawabe
tufted with scales. The genus was extensively et al. 1992, Kuznetsov 1997, 2001, Byun et al.
studied by Heinrich (1926), Diakonoff (1959, 1998,Liu&Li2002).InChina,ninespecieshave
1973)andRazowski(1989).Itischaracterizedby beenpreviouslyreported,includingfourspecies
malegenitaliawiththeuncuscompletelyabsent, endemictoTaiwan.Thepresentpaperdealswith
sociuspending and haired, and saccular bristles 14speciesfromthemainlandofChina,withfive
poorly developed. Based on the male genitalia, speciesdescribedasnewtoscienceandthreere-
Diakonoff (1959) divided Phaecasiophora into corded for the first time from this country.
three subgenera, Phaecasiophora Grote, Mega- PhaecasiophoraobligataKawabeisproposedto
sycaDiakonoffandSycacanthaDiakonoff.Later, be a synonym of Phaecasiophora leechi Dia-
Diakonoff (1966) elevated Sycacantha Diako- konoff.
nofftothegenericstatus,whichwefollowinthe
presentpaper.
Thegenusisrepresentedbythirtydescribed 2.Materialandmethods
speciesworldwide,threeofwhichoccurinNorth
America (Walker 1863, Grote 1873, Henrich Specimens used in this study were collected by
1931),threeinAfrica(Walsingham1891,Diako- light trap in thirteen forest reserves and five
ENTOMOL.FENNICAVol.17 (cid:127) GenusPhaecasiophorafrommainlandofChina 35
mountainvillagesinSouthChina,wherevegeta- tion1.3timesofbaseinbreadth
tionformsaremainlyhardwoodforestormixed P.lushinasp.n.
coniferandhardwoodforest.Thedescriptionof 8. Tegumen dorsally triangular; cucullus with
wingpatternsfollowsBrown&Powell(1991)re- apicalpartbroaderthanbasalpart
fined by Baixeras (2002), and the genitalia dis- P.curvicostasp.n.
sections follows Li & Zheng (1996). The type – Tegumendorsallysemicircular;cuculluswith
specimensandotherspecimensaredepositedin apicalpartasbroadasbasalpart
the Insect Collection, College of Life Sciences, P.supparallelicasp.n.
NankaiUniversity,Tianjin,China. 9. Aedeagusslender,lengthabout3.5timesits
widthand0.58timesofvalvainlength,with
twodistinctdentationsatapex;cornutiabsent
3.Results P.pyragraDiakonoff
– Aedeagus broad, length about 1.8–2.2 times
PhaecasiophoraGrote,1873 itswidthandlessthan0.35timesofvalvain
PhaecasiophoraGrote,1873:90 length, without dentations at apex; cornuti
Type species: Sericoris mutabilana Clemens = present 10
SciaphilaconfixanaWalker[bysubsequentdes- 10.Aedeagus with minute spines in apical part;
ignationofFernald(1908)] cornuti a strong thorn, a little shorter than
aedeagus P.obraztsoviDiakonoff
Key to the species of Phaecasiophora from – Aedeagus without minute spines; cornuti
MainlandofChinabasedongenitalia composedofaclusterofspines,lessthanhalf
ofaedeagusinlength 11
1. Sociusshort,membranous,notpointed 2 11.Valvawithcucullusconstrictedmedially
– Sociuslong,sclerotized,pointedapically 9 P.similithaiensissp.n.
2. Cucullusnotconstrictedatbase – Valvawithcucullusnotconstrictedmedially
P.leechiDiakonoff 12
– Cucullusconstrictedatbase 3 12.Cucullus with base 1.2 times of middle in
3. Cuculluswithventralmarginconcaveatbasal width,carryingathorn,about0.3timesofcu-
1/3, bearing a long thorn at base; cornuti a cullus in length; socius conical, apical part
sturdy cluster of thorns, 0.57 times of produced into a horn; lamella antevaginalis
aedeagusinlength P.decolorDiakonoff large,lamellapostvaginalisconcaveatlateral
– Cucullus with ventral margin not concave, sides P.cornigeraDiakonoff
lacking thorns at base; cornuti a cluster of – Cucullus with base dilated to a large promi-
shortspines,lessthan0.3timesofaedeagusin nence,nearly2timesofmiddleinwidth,lack-
length 4 ing thorns; socius ear-like; lamella ante-
4. Sociustriangularoroval 5 vaginalis relatively small, lamella post-
– Socius somewhat quadrate, with apex pro- vaginalisnotconcaveatlateralsides 13
jectedatmiddleandlateralangle 6 13.Cucullus length 6.5 times its width, with a
5. Sociustriangular;corpusbursaeoval,slightly semicircular prominence at base; lamella
flat P.attica(Meyrick) antevaginalis with upper edge rounded;
– Sociusoval;corpusbursaelong,withlength ductusbursaeslightlynarrow
about2timesitswidth P.pertexta(Meyrick) P.fernaldanaWalsingham
6. Cucullusexpandedoutwardmedially 7 – Cucullus length 7.5 times its width, with an
– Cucullusnotexpandedatmedianpart 8 oblong-oval prominence at base; lamella
7. Tegumen broad; cucullus with median por- antevaginalis with upper edge slightly con-
tion1.6timesofbaseinbreadth P.levissp.n. cave;ductusbursaewide
– Tegumennarrow;cuculluswithmedianpor- P.walsinghamiDiakonoff
36 Yu&Li (cid:127) ENTOMOL.FENNICAVol.17
3.1.SubgenusPhaecasiophoraGrote,1873 arched at 1/3 length of costa, straight along
termen,andoccupiedby fourtransversefasciae
PhaecasiophoraGrote,1873:90 that reach the termen. Slight variations in the
malegenitaliaarefoundinthespecimencollected
Type species: Sericoris mutabilana Clemens = from China: valva broader and the spines com-
SciaphilaconfixanaWalker(bysubsequentdes- posingcornutilongerandthickerthanthosefrom
ignation) Indonesia.However,thespecimensfrombothlo-
The subgenus Phaecasiophora is character- calitiesareidenticalinthesuperficialcharacters.
izedby thesociusbeingrounded,membranous, This species is recorded for the first time from
hairyandbristled.Membersofthesubgenusare China.
ratheruniforminappearance,andforewingspos-
sess indistinct markings and white or white 3.1.3.Phaecasiophora(Phaecasiophora)leechi
dustedstriafromcostalstrigulafivebetweenme- Diakonoff,1973(Figs.1a,2a,3a)
dianfasciaandpostmedianfasciaandextending
obliquelytotornus. Phaecasiophora (Megasyca) leechi Diakonoff,
1973: 120–121, plate 13. ($ genit., China:
3.1.1.Phaecasiophora(Phaecasiophora)attica Foochau)
(Meyrick,1907) Phaecasiophora obligata Kawabe, 1993: 227–
228;figures1,13(Adult,#genit.,China:Tai-
EucosmaatticaMeyrick,1907:137(#,$,India: wan)syn.n.
Assam)
Argyroploce attica: Meyrick, 1935: 61 (Tien- Material examined. China: 1 #, Mt. Wuyi
mushan,W.China) (26°54’N,116°42’E),FujianProvince,1,000m
Olethreutesattica:Clarke,1958:487,plate242, a.s.l.,26.V.2004,leg.HailiYu.1#,Mt.Tianmu
figure2–2a(#genit.) (30°26’N,119°34’E),ZhejiangProvince,500m
Phaecasiophora (Phaecasiophora) attica: a.s.l.,16.VIII.1999,leg.HouhunLi.1#,Lichuan
Diakonoff, 1959: 170, plate II, figure 4 (# (30°18’N, 108°56’E), Hubei Province, 700 m
genit.,Burma) a.s.l., 30.VII.1999, leg. Houhun Li. 5 ## 1 $,
Mt. Jiuhua (30°23’N, 117°48’E), Anhui Prov-
Distribution.China(Zhejiang,Yunnan,Taiwan), ince, 5.–9.VIII.2004, leg. Jiasheng Xu and
Vietnam,Burma,Thailand,India,Russia. JialiangZhang.6##4$$,Xinhua(27°44’N,
Remarks.Meyrick(1935,1938)recordedthis 111°18’ E), Hunan Province, 9.–11.VIII.2004,
speciesfromMt.Tianmu,ZhejiangProvinceand leg.YunliXiao.
Lijiang,YunnanProvince.Kawabe,etal.(1992) Description. Adult (Fig. 1a) as illustrated;
reporteditfromTaiwan. malegenitalia(Fig.2a)asillustrated;femalegen-
italia(Fig.3a)asillustrated.
3.1.2.Phaecasiophora(Phaecasiophora) Distribution.China(Fujian,Zhejiang,Anhui,
decolorDiakonoff,1983 Hubei,Hunan,Taiwan).
Remarks. Based on both male and female
Phaecasiophora(Phaecasiophora)decolorDia- specimens collected from different localities of
konoff,1983b:45,figure32(#genit.),plate7, China,wefoundthefemaleofP.obligataresem-
figure27(Adult,Indonesia:Sumatra) blesP.leechibothinappearanceandinthegeni-
talia. In both species, the median fascia on the
Materialexamined.China:1#,Daozhen(29°32’ forewingisdividedintothreeblotcheswithmar-
N,107°40’E),GuizhouProvince,1,300ma.s.l., ginsthatarecompletelyorpartlywhite.Inthefe-
19.VIII.2004,leg.YunliXiao. malegenitalia,thelamellapostvaginalishasdis-
Distribution.China(Guizhou),Indonesia. tinct, short, thick edged lateral appendages, the
Remarks. This species can be easily distin- colliculumisstraight,longandstrong;theductus
guishedfromotherdescribedspeciesofthegenus bursaeislong,andthecorpusbursaeiselongate
by the forewing being very broad, strongly without signa. Furthermore, descriptions of P.
ENTOMOL.FENNICAVol.17 (cid:127) GenusPhaecasiophorafrommainlandofChina 37
(cid:1)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:4)(cid:6)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:9)(cid:10)(cid:11)(cid:12)(cid:13)(cid:1)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:5)
(cid:6)(cid:3)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:9)(cid:10)(cid:2)(cid:9)(cid:11)(cid:3)(cid:11)(cid:14)(cid:14)(cid:4)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:4)(cid:1)(cid:12)
(cid:13)(cid:4)(cid:4)(cid:6)(cid:2)(cid:8)(cid:17)(cid:2)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:12)(cid:19)(cid:12)(cid:13)(cid:13)(cid:20)(cid:21)(cid:4)
(cid:15)(cid:22)(cid:4)(cid:1)(cid:12)(cid:7)(cid:14)(cid:10)(cid:10)(cid:3)(cid:11)(cid:3)(cid:13)(cid:13)(cid:4)(cid:13)(cid:8)(cid:6)(cid:3)(cid:11)(cid:14)(cid:4)
(cid:19)(cid:4)(cid:20)(cid:14)(cid:16)(cid:23)(cid:16)(cid:10)(cid:24)(cid:14)(cid:25)(cid:26)(cid:4)
(cid:15)(cid:27)(cid:4)(cid:1)(cid:12)(cid:13)(cid:4)(cid:15)(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:11)(cid:14)(cid:4)(cid:19)(cid:4)(cid:20)(cid:14)(cid:16)(cid:23)(cid:16)(cid:28)
(cid:10)(cid:24)(cid:14)(cid:25)(cid:26)(cid:4)(cid:15)(cid:7)(cid:4)(cid:1)(cid:12)(cid:6)(cid:14)(cid:11)(cid:15)(cid:8)(cid:5)
(cid:6)(cid:9)(cid:7)(cid:16)(cid:3)(cid:11)(cid:14)(cid:4)(cid:19)(cid:4)(cid:20)(cid:29)(cid:12)(cid:9)(cid:12)(cid:10)(cid:24)(cid:14)(cid:25)(cid:26)(cid:4)
(cid:15)(cid:25)(cid:4)(cid:1)(cid:12)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:7)(cid:2)(cid:8)(cid:17)(cid:3)(cid:11)(cid:14)(cid:4)(cid:19)(cid:4)(cid:20)
(cid:29)(cid:12)(cid:9)(cid:12)(cid:10)(cid:24)(cid:14)(cid:25)(cid:26)(cid:4)(cid:15)(cid:13)(cid:4)(cid:1)(cid:12)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:18)(cid:8)(cid:13)(cid:5)
(cid:8)(cid:16)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:8)(cid:4)(cid:17)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:11)(cid:14)(cid:4)(cid:19)(cid:4)(cid:20)(cid:29)(cid:12)(cid:9)(cid:12)(cid:28)
(cid:10)(cid:24)(cid:14)(cid:25)(cid:26)(cid:4)
leechiandP.obligatawerebasedonasinglefe- Olethreutes pertexta: Clarke, 1958: 535, plate
male and a single male specimen, respectively. 266 figure I–Ic (lectotype design., wings, $
ThetypelocalitiesofP.obligata(Taiwan)andP. genit.).
leechi (Foochau [Fuzhou], Fujian Province) are Phaecasiophora (Phaecasiophora) pertexta:
geographically close. Based on the superficial Diakonoff,1973:116
charactersaswellasthecharactersofbothmale Phaecasiophora guttulosa Diakonoff, 1973:
andfemalegenitalia,wethinkthetwospeciesare 117–118,figure180(#genit.,India,Sikkim)
conspecificandP.obligatashouldbeasynonym
ofP.leechi.Inaddition,P.leechiwasplacedinthe Material examined. China: 1 #, Mt. Tianmu
subgenusMegasycabyDiakonoff(1973),butwe (30°26’N,119°34’E),ZhejiangProvince,1,140
think this species should belong to subgenus ma.s.l.,17.VIII.1999,leg.HouhunLi.
Phaecasiophorabasedonthestudy ofthemale Distribution.China(Zhejiang,Fujian),India,
genitalia. Sikkim,Nepal.
Remarks.Clarke(1958)providedthephoto-
3.1.4.Phaecasiophora(Phaecasiophora) graphsofthewingsandfemalegenitalia.Robin-
pertexta(Meyrick,1920) sonetal.(1995)proposedP.guttulosaDiakonoff
asasynonymofthisspecies.Liu&Li(2002)re-
ArgyroplocepertextaMeyrick,1920:351(#,$, cordedP.guttulosafromFujianProvince,China.
Sikkim)
38 Yu&Li (cid:127) ENTOMOL.FENNICAVol.17
(cid:1)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:30)(cid:4)(cid:31)(cid:16)(cid:9)(cid:25)(cid:3)(cid:25)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:10)(cid:16)(cid:9)(cid:2)(cid:16)(cid:12)(cid:13)
(cid:1)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:6)(cid:3)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:9)(cid:10)(cid:2)(cid:9)(cid:11)(cid:3)(cid:11)(cid:14)(cid:14)(cid:4)
(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:4)(cid:1)(cid:12)(cid:13)(cid:4)(cid:4)(cid:6)(cid:2)(cid:8)(cid:17)(cid:2)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:12)(cid:19)(cid:12)(cid:13)(cid:13)
(cid:11)(cid:9)(cid:2)(cid:7)(cid:25)(cid:19)(cid:12)(cid:4)!"#$%&&%’(cid:4)
(cid:15)(cid:22)(cid:4)(cid:1)(cid:12)(cid:7)(cid:14)(cid:10)(cid:10)(cid:3)(cid:11)(cid:3)(cid:13)(cid:13)(cid:4)(cid:13)(cid:8)(cid:6)(cid:3)(cid:11)(cid:14)(cid:4)
(cid:19)(cid:4)(cid:20)(cid:29)(cid:12)(cid:9)(cid:12)(cid:10)(cid:24)(cid:14)(cid:25) (cid:11)(cid:9)(cid:2)(cid:7)(cid:25)(cid:19)(cid:12)(cid:4)
!"#$%(cid:30)()’(cid:4)(cid:15)(cid:27)(cid:4)(cid:1)(cid:12)(cid:13)(cid:4)(cid:15)(cid:8)(cid:7)
(cid:11)(cid:14)(cid:4)(cid:19)(cid:4)(cid:20)(cid:29)(cid:12)(cid:9)(cid:12)(cid:10)(cid:24)(cid:14)(cid:25) (cid:11)(cid:9)(cid:2)(cid:7)(cid:25)(cid:19)(cid:12)(cid:4)
!"#$%(cid:5)$)’(cid:4)(cid:15)(cid:7)(cid:4)(cid:1)(cid:12)(cid:6)(cid:14)(cid:11)(cid:15)(cid:8)(cid:5)
(cid:6)(cid:9)(cid:7)(cid:16)(cid:3)(cid:11)(cid:14)(cid:4)(cid:19)(cid:4)(cid:20)(cid:29)(cid:12)(cid:9)(cid:12)(cid:10)(cid:24)(cid:14)(cid:25) (cid:11)(cid:9)(cid:2)(cid:7)(cid:25)
(cid:19)(cid:12)(cid:4)!"#$%(cid:30))(cid:5)’(cid:4)(cid:15)(cid:25)(cid:4)(cid:1)(cid:12)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:5)
(cid:7)(cid:2)(cid:8)(cid:17)(cid:3)(cid:11)(cid:14)(cid:4)(cid:19)(cid:4)(cid:20)(cid:29)(cid:12)(cid:9)(cid:12)(cid:10)(cid:24)(cid:14)(cid:25)
(cid:11)(cid:9)(cid:2)(cid:7)(cid:25)(cid:19)(cid:12)(cid:4)*(cid:6)"$+(cid:5))(cid:30)’(cid:4)
(cid:15)(cid:13)(cid:4)(cid:1)(cid:12)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:18)(cid:8)(cid:13)(cid:8)(cid:16)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:8)(cid:4)(cid:17)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:11)(cid:14)(cid:4)(cid:19)(cid:4)(cid:20)
(cid:29)(cid:12)(cid:9)(cid:12)(cid:10)(cid:24)(cid:14)(cid:25) (cid:11)(cid:9)(cid:2)(cid:7)(cid:25)(cid:19)(cid:12)(cid:4)
!"#$%+(cid:5)%’(cid:4)
3.1.5.Phaecasiophora(Phaecasiophora) andlessprominent.
supparallelicasp.n.(Figs.1b,2b) Description.(Fig.1b):Forewinglength8.1–
8.5mm.Vertexcoarse,grayishbrownanteriorof
Type material. Holotype #, China: Daozhen antenna and deep brown posteriorly. Antenna
(29°32’N,107°40’E),GuizhouProvince,600m reaching 1/2 length of forewing, brown. Labial
a.s.l.,29.V.2004,leg.ShulianHao,genitaliaslide palpus ascending; basal segment white; median
no. YHL04256. Paratype: 1 #, Zhangjiajie segment white to pale grey; terminal segment
(29°49’N, 110°26’E), Hunan Province, 650 m small, grayish brown. Thorax deep brown,
a.s.l., 8.VIII.2001, leg. Houhun Li and Xinpu sparselysprinkledwithochreousscales.Foreleg
Wang. slightlypalegrey;midlegwithtibiapaleyellow,
Diagnosis. This new species resembles P. covered by thorn-like scales, set with a pale
jubilansDiakonoffinthemalegenitalia,butcan browndotatbases;hindlegwhite,tibiastrongly
beeasily separatedfromthelatterby thesocius broadenedbylongandwhitescales,withtwohair
being plate-like in shape with its apical part pencilsfrombase,onewhite,longerandthin,the
sunkenattheouter1/3,whereasthesociusistri- other pale grey, shorter and relatively thick; all
angularwithoutasunkenouterpartinthelatter legswithtarsalsubsegmentspalebrownonlat-
species.Inappearancethetwospeciescanbeeas- eral side. Forewing with costa slightly arched
ily distinguished from each other by forewing throughout; apex blunt; termen straight; upper-
withthemedianfasciaserrateatthedistalmargin sidegroundcolorbrown,suffusedwithochreous,
andtheprominentstriaefromcostalstrigulaefive denserbefore2/3lengthofwingandbelowcosta;
andsixbroad,silverywhiteinP.jubilans.While costawithninepairsofstrigulaefrombasetoR,
4
inP.supparallelicasp.n.,themedianfasciainthe thestrigulaearedistributedasfollows:fourpairs
forewingisbroken,itsdistalmarginisindistinct, (strigulaeonetofour)betweenthebaseofwing
andthestriafromthecostalstrigulafiveisnarrow andthepointwheretheScmeetsthecosta,two
ENTOMOL.FENNICAVol.17 (cid:127) GenusPhaecasiophorafrommainlandofChina 39
pairs(strigulaefiveandsix)betweenScandR, Etymology.Thespecificnameisderivedfrom
1
onepair(strigulaseven)betweenR andR,one the Latin prefix sub- (= approximate) and
1 2
pair(strigulaeight)betweenR andR,onepair parallelicus(=parallel),indicatingtheshapeof
2 3
(strigula nine) between R and R; each pair of dorsalandventralmarginsofcucullus.
3 4
strigulae with a leaden (silvery) stria extending Remarks. According to Diakonoff (1973),
obliquely; strigulae one and two pale ochreous, males of the genus bear a hair pencil at base of
with striae extending backward to base of dor- theirposteriortibia.Inthisstudywefoundmales
sum, indistinct, strigulae three and four pale of P. leechi (= P. obligata) and the new species
ochreous, with striae extending to dorsum be- treated here bearing two separate hair pencils,
tween 1/3 length and midlength, discontinuous, whicharedifferentinlength,thicknessorcolor,
thedistalfivepairsofstrigulaewhite,striafrom but united at base. Concerning ground plan of
strigulafiveextendingobliquelytotornus,striae costalstrigulae,thedescriptionofothernewspe-
fromstrigulaesix,sevenandeightbecomingcon- cies below follow Phaecasiophora supparalle-
fluent, extending along distal margin of post- licasp.n.
median fascia to tornus, stria fromstrigula nine
extending to M at termen, striae fromstrigulae 3.1.6.Phaecasiophora(Phaecasiophora)levis
1
five, six to eight, and nine separated from each sp.n.(Figs.1c,2c)
otherbyochreousspots;basalfasciaandsubbasal
fascia deep brown, indistinct, broken by pale Typematerial.Holotype#,Mt.Mao’er(25°53’
ochreousandochreousspots;medianfasciarep- N,110°25’E),GuangxiProvince,1,100ma.s.l.,
resentedbyalargedeepbrownspotoncostaand 20.IV.2002, leg. Shulian Hao and Huaijun Xue,
ablackishbrownspotondistalpartofdiscalcell, genitalia slide no. YHL04106. Paratype: 1 #,
therestareawithlargeumbrae;postmedianfascia samedataasholotype.
deepbrown,intermixedwithwhite-ochreous,ex- Diagnosis. This new species resembles P.
tending to middle of termen; preterminal fascia attica (Meyrick) in shape of valva, but can be
indistinct; terminal fascia expressed by a small readilyseparatedfromthelatterbythesociusbe-
spot; cilia brown mixed with ochreous along ing somewhat quadrate and the aedeagus with
termen,whitemixedwithgreyattornus;under- cornuti composed of a small sheaf of sparse
sidepalegreyexceptcostalstrigulaepaleyellow spines. In P. attica, the socius is triangular and
and area of hindwing overlap posterior to CuP cornuticonsistofasheafofdensespines.
white. Hindwing upperside grey except area of Description.Adult(Fig.1c):Forewinglength
forewing overlap anterior to Sc+R white, cilia 9.0–9.6mm.Vertexcoarse,grayishbrown,pale
1
grey, with pale grey baseline; anal roll distinct; brown behind antenna. Antenna reaching 1/2
undersidepalegrey. length of forewing, scape grayish brown,
Male genitalia (Fig. 2b). Tegumen dorsally flagellum brown. Labial palpus ascending,
rounded, with lateral angular prominences. slightlyporrect,white,terminalsegmentanddis-
Socius plate-like, basal part broad, distal part tal half of median segment pale grey. Thorax
slightly constricted, with apex concave at outer grayish brown, posterior portion and apex of
1/3andformingtwoparts:theinnerpartlarge,tri- tegula slightly pale brown. Legs white; lateral
angular,denselyhaired,theouterpartfinger-like, side of tarsi blackish brown, each subsegment
with long hairs. Valva narrow; sacculus moder- whiteatapex;midlegwithtibiacoveredbythorn-
ately wide, with sparse setae along outer and like scales, lateral side brown, white in median
lower edge of basal cavity; cucullus elongate, side, posterior tibia strongly broadened by long
uniform in width except slightly constricted at and white scales, dusted with pale grey scales,
baseandroundedatapex,thedorsalandventral andwithtwohairpencilsfrombase,onewhite,
margins being subparallel. Aedeagus thick, thin and longer, the other pale grey, relatively
cornuticonsistingofasheafofshortspines,0.16 thick and shorter. Forewing with costa a little
timesaslongasaedeagus. arched; apex blunt; termen straight; upperside
Female.Unknown. ground color grey, suffused with pale ochreous
Distribution.China(Guizhou,Hunan). before tornus; costa with nine pairs of strigulae
40 Yu&Li (cid:127) ENTOMOL.FENNICAVol.17
frombasetoR,strigulaeoneandtwopalegrey, genitaliaslideno.YHL04261.Paratypes:2##,
4
striae from them indistinct, strigulae three and Xinyi(22°21’N,110°56’E),GuangdongProv-
fourgrey,striaefromthemextendingbackward ince,1,000ma.s.l.,7.–13.VIII.2003,leg.Dandan
todorsumbetween1/3and2/3length,thedistal Zhang.
fivepairsofstrigulaewhite,striaefromstrigulae Diagnosis. This new species resembles P.
five and six extending obliquely to tornus, dis- dilutaDiakonoffinthemalegenitalia,butcanbe
continuous,strigulaeeightandninerepresented distinguishedfromthelatterbythecucullushav-
by a single marking, respectively, striae from ing the distal 2/3 broadened, and rounded api-
strigulae seven and eight confluent, extending cally, and the cornuti composed of a sheaf of
obliquely to termen between M and M, stria sparseminutespines.InP.dilutaDiakonoff,the
1 2
from strigula nine reaching termen between R cucullus is narrow and a little pointed apically,
5
and M; basal fascia and subbasal fascia indis- andthecornuticonsistofasmallsheafofcom-
1
tinct, broken by small grayish white spots, suf- pactspines.
fusedwithochreousbelowcosta;medianfascia Description.Adult(Fig.1d):Forewinglength
deep brown, suffused with ochreous between 9.1–9.3mm.Vertexcoarse,palebrown,blackish
costa and base of R, broken by white spots on brown between and behind antenna. Antenna
3
discal cell; postmedian fascia lunate, grey, suf- reaching1/2lengthofforewing,palebrown,with
fused with ochreous, distal margin reaching distalpartgrayishbrown.Labialpalpusascend-
termen;preterminalfascianarrow,indistinct;ter- ing, with basal segment white; median segment
minalfasciadarkgrey;ciliagrey,withochreous with inner side white and lateral side pale
baseline; underside pale grey except costal ochreous,apexgrayishbrown;terminalsegment
strigulaepaleyellowandareaofhindwingover- grayishbrown,small.Thoraxbrown;collarwith
lapposteriortoCuPwhite.Hindwingupperside basal part grayish brown, somewhat shinning
greyexceptareaofforewingoverlapanteriorto blueandblack,andapicalpartpalebrown;tegula
Sc+R white,ciliagrey;analrolldistinct;under- palebrown,sparselyscatteredwithbrownscales.
1
sidepalegrey. Legswithtarsiblack-brownonlateralside,each
Male genitalia (Fig. 2c). Tegumen dorsally subsegmentwhiteatapex;forelegpalegrey,with
rounded, with lateral angular prominences. lateralsideoftibiawhite;midlegwhite,tibiacov-
Sociusdenselywithlonghairs,broad,somewhat ered by thorn-like scales, lateral side blackish
quadrate, broadened slightly to apex; apex pro- brownatbaseandapex;hindlegpalegrey,with
jectedstronglyatmiddleandslightlyatouterlat- tibia strongly broadened by long and white
eralangle.Valvawithsacculusrelativelynarrow, scales,andcarryingtwohairpencilsatbase,one
sparselysetosealongouteredgeofbasalcavity; white,thinandlonger,theotherpalegrey,thick
cucullus constricted at base, with median part and shorter. Forewing oblong; costa strongly
stronglydilatedoutwardand1.6timesaswideas convex, apex blunt, termen straight; upperside
base,roundedapically.Aedeagusthick;cornutia ground color grey; costa with nine pairs of
smallsheafofshortsparsespines,0.26timesas strigulae from base to R, strigulae one to four
4
longasaedeagus. paleochreous,striaefromstrigulaeoneandtwo
Female.unknown. extending to base of dorsum, indistinct; striae
Distribution.China(Guangxi). fromstrigulaethreeandfourextendingbackward
Etymology.Thespecificnameisderivedfrom to2/5–3/5lengthofCuvein,strigulaefivetonine
the Latin levis (= smooth), to note the shape of white,striaefromstrigulaefiveandsixindistin-
distaledgeofsocius. guishable between costa and R, covered by
2
denseochreousscales,striafromstrigulafivedis-
3.1.7.Phaecasiophora(Phaecasiophora) tinctbelowR andextendingtotornus,interfered
2
curvicostasp.n.(Figs.1d,2d) bypostmedianfasciabetweenbaseofM andM,
1 2
strigulaeseven,eightandninewithstriaeconflu-
Type material. Holotype #, Shangsi (22°09’N, entandextendingtotermenbetweenM andM;
1 2
107°58’ E), Guangxi Province, 510 m a.s.l., basalfasciaandsubbasalfasciablack,brokenby
6.IV.2002, leg. Shulian Hao and Huaijun Xue, pale ochreous spots below costa; median fascia
ENTOMOL.FENNICAVol.17 (cid:127) GenusPhaecasiophorafrommainlandofChina 41
representedbyalargeblackdotoncostaandlarge tibia with thorn-like scales, posterior tibia
umbraebetweenMstemanddorsum,thedotwith strongly broadened by long and silvery white
centerareaoccupiedbytwosmallochreousdots scales,andwithtwowhitehairpencils,onelon-
andborderedbyochreousscales;postmedianfas- ger and the other shorter. Forewing with costa
ciablack,narrow,withproximalmarginprotrud- gentlyarched;apexblunt;termenalittleoblique;
ingbetweenM andM;terminalfasciaasmall upperside ground color brown with slight pale
1 3
ochreous dot; underside grey except costal ochreoussuffusion;costawithninepairsofwhite
strigulaepaleyellowandareaofhindwingover- strigulae, strigulae one and two with striae ex-
lapposteriortoCuPwhite.Hindwingupperside tendingtobaseofdorsum,indistinct,striaefrom
grey;ciliapalegrey,withgreybaseline;analroll strigulae three and four extending backward to
distinct;undersidegrey. dorsumbetween2/5lengthandmidlength,stria
Male genitalia (Fig. 2d). Tegumen dorsally fromstrigulafiveextendingobliquelytotornus,
subtriangular,lateralangularprominencessmall. broad, interfered by postmedian fascia between
Sociusbroad,distalhalfdenselyhairedandcon- thebaseofM andM,striaefromstrigulaesix,
1 2
stricted,withapexsunkenatouter1/3,theinner seven and eight confluent and extending to
part large, triangular and the outer part being a termen between M and M, stria from strigula
2 3
smalllateralprocess.Valvawithsacculusmoder- nine extending to termen between R and M;
5 1
ateinwidth,setaealongouteredgeofbasalcavity basalfasciaandsubbasalfasciadarkbrownand
long;cucullusslender,narrowatbase,withdistal dusted with pale grey dots; median fascia dark
2/3broadened,equalinwidth,roundedapically. brown,brokenbypalegreyspots,withablackish
Aedeagusthick;cornuticomposedofasheafof brownspotatdistalpartofdiscalcell;postmedian
sparseminutespines. fasciabrown,proximalmarginprotrudingmedi-
Female.unknown. ally;terminalfasciadeepfuscous;undersidepale
Distribution.China(Guangxi,Guangdong). grey except costa pale yellow and area of
Etymology. The specific name comes from hindwingoverlapposteriortoCuPwhite.Hind-
theLatinprefixcurv-(=curve)andcosta,refer- winguppersidepalegrey,whiteonareaunderlap-
ringtotheshapeofcostainforewing. pingforewing;analrolldistinct;undersidepaler
thanthatofforewing.
3.1.8.Phaecasiophora(Phaecasiophora) Female.Facesmooth,whiteonlowerhalfand
lushinasp.n.(Figs.1e,2e,3b) brown on upper half. Vertex with rough scales,
brown suffused with black brown. Antenna not
Type material. Holotype #, Lushi (34°03’ N, reaching 1/2 length of forewing; scape brown;
111°02’ E), Henan Province, 1,700 m a.s.l., flagellumbrown,darkeratapicalpart.Labialpal-
20.VII.2000,leg.DandanZhang,genitaliaslide pus ascending, white, terminal segment grey,
no.ZAH03162.Paratype:1$,samedataasholo- withapointedapex.Thoraxdeepbrown,sparsely
type. scatteredwithochreousscales.Legswhite,with
Diagnosis. This new species resembles P. lateral side of tarsus in foreleg and midleg dark
pertexta(Meyrick)inthemalegenitalia,butcan brown, each subsegment white at apex; foreleg
be distinguished from it by the socius being with tibia dark brown, white at middle; midleg
somewhat quadrate, and strongly projected at withtibiacoveredbythorn-likescales;posterior
middleandouterlateralangle. tibia with dense scales. Forewing upperside
Description.Adult(Fig.1e):Forewinglength darker than that in the male, densely suffused
9.0 mm in male, 9.3 mm in female. Male: face withochreousbelowcostaandbeforeapex;cilia
withsmoothscales,whiteonlowerhalfandpale brown, intermixed with ochreous, white at
brownonupperhalf. Vertexbrown, withrough tornus,withdeepbrownbaseline;undersidegrey
scales.Antennadamaged.Labialpalpusascend- except costal strigulae pale yellow and area of
ing; median segment white, terminal segment hindwing overlap posterior to CuP white.
pale grey, with a pointed apex. Thorax pale Hindwing upperside brown; cilia brown, with
brown. Legs white, with lateral side of tarsi deepbrownbaseline;undersidepalerthanthatof
brown, each subsegment white at apex; median forewing.
42 Yu&Li (cid:127) ENTOMOL.FENNICAVol.17
3.2.SubgenusMegasycaDianonoff,1959
MegasycaDiakonoff,1959:171.
Type species: Phaecasiophora fernaldana
Walsingham,1900(byoriginaldesignation)
Speciesofthissubgenusareusuallypalerin
color than thoseofPhaecasiophora s. str. They
are characterized by male genitalia with socius
enlarged and sclerotized, pointed apically;
tegumenusuallybroad;cuculluswithbaseoften
dilatedanddenselybristled.
3.2.1.Phaecasiophora(Megasyca)cornigera
Diakonoff,1959
Phaecasiophora (Megasyca) cornigera Diako-
noff,1959:180,plate5,figure16,plate7,fig-
ure22(#,$genit.,India:Assam).
(cid:1)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4)+(cid:4)(cid:1)(cid:25),(cid:16)(cid:9)(cid:25)(cid:3)(cid:25)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:10)(cid:16)(cid:9)(cid:2)(cid:16)(cid:12)(cid:13)(cid:1)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:6)(cid:3)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:9)(cid:10)(cid:2)(cid:9)(cid:11)(cid:3)(cid:11)(cid:14)(cid:14)(cid:4)
Material examined. China: 4 ##, Mt. Wuyi
(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:4)(cid:1)(cid:12) (cid:1)(cid:12)’(cid:13)(cid:4)(cid:4)(cid:6)(cid:2)(cid:8)(cid:17)(cid:2)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:12)(cid:19)(cid:12)(cid:13)(cid:13) (cid:11)(cid:9)(cid:2)(cid:7)(cid:25)(cid:19)(cid:12)(cid:4)!"#$%-%+’(cid:4)
(26°54’N,116°42’E),FujianProvince,1,000m
(cid:15)(cid:22)(cid:4)(cid:1)(cid:12) (cid:1)(cid:12)’(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:7)(cid:2)(cid:8)(cid:17)(cid:3)(cid:11)(cid:14)(cid:4)(cid:19)(cid:4) (cid:11)(cid:9)(cid:2)(cid:7)(cid:25)(cid:19)(cid:12)(cid:4)!"#$%-++’(cid:4)
(cid:15)(cid:27)(cid:4)(cid:1)(cid:12) (cid:19)(cid:4)(cid:20)(cid:3)(cid:7)(cid:21)(cid:6)(cid:3)’(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:18)(cid:8)(cid:13)(cid:8)(cid:16)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:8)(cid:4)(cid:17)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:11)(cid:14)(cid:4)(cid:19)(cid:4) (cid:11)(cid:9)(cid:2)(cid:7)(cid:25)(cid:19)(cid:12)(cid:4) a.s.l.,26.V.2004,leg.HailiYu.1#,Mt.Mao’er
!"#$%&)+’(cid:4) (25°53’N,110°25’E),GuangxiProvince,1,100
m a.s.l., 20.IV.2002, leg. Shulian Hao and
HuaijunXue.1#,Tianquan(30°06’N,102°46’
Male genitalia (Fig. 2e). Tegumen dorsally E), Sichuan Province, 1,300 m a.s.l., 29.VII.
rounded, with lateral angular prominences. 2004,leg.YingdangRen.1#,Daozhen(29°32’
Socius somewhat quadrate, projected at middle N,107°40’E),GuizhouProvince,1,420ma.s.l.,
and lateral angle. Valva with sacculus slightly 22.VII.2004,leg.ShulianHao.
broadenedmedially,sparsely setosealongouter Distribution.China(Fujian,Guangxi,Sichu-
edgeofbasalcavity;cucullusoblongandbroad, an, Guizhou, Taiwan), Vietnam, Burma, Thai-
withmedianpartslightlyexpandedand1.3times land,India.
aswideasbase.Aedeagusthick;cornuticonsist- Remarks. Diakonoff (1959) described two
ingofasheafofshortspines,0.23timesaslongas subspecies of this species, Phaecasiophora
aedeagus. (Megasyca) cornigera burmensis from North
Female genitalia (Fig. 3b). Papillae anales Burma, and P. (M.) cornigera cornigera from
narrow. Anterior and posterior apophyses thin, Assam,India.Kawabeetal.(1992)recordedthe
equal in length. Ostium broad. Lamella ante- nominal subspecies from Taiwan and we col-
vaginalis weakly sclerotized. Lamella post- lecteditfromtheChineseMainlandinthisstudy.
vaginalis broad, somewhat semicircular, acicu- Thespeciesischaracterizedbythelongandslen-
late, posterior margin with a lateral triangular dercuculluswithalongthornatbase.
prominencedirecteddownwards.Ductusbursae
posteriorlyencircledbyshortcolliculum,anteri- 3.2.2.Phaecasiophora(Megasyca)fernaldana
orly granulate,gradually dilated.Corpusbursae Walsingham,1900
oval,slightlygranulatedwithtwosmall,horned,
denselygranulatedsigna. PhaecasiophorafernaldanaWalsingham,1900:
Distribution.China(Henan). 135(#,$,Japan,Corea)
Etymology. The specific name is from the Phaecasiophora (Megasyca) fernaldana:
typelocality-Lushi,HenanProvince. Diakonoff,1959:179,plate4,figure12,plate
ENTOMOL.FENNICAVol.17 (cid:127) GenusPhaecasiophorafrommainlandofChina 43
6,figures18–20(#,$genit.) Remarks. Diakonoff (1959, 1973) discussed
Phaecasiophora (Megasyca) latior Diakonoff, this species in detail. It is closely related to P.
1959:180,plateIV,figure13($genit.,Bor- fernaldana in the genitalia, but differs by the
neo) cucullusbeinglongerandnarrower,withthebase
oblong-oval,andthesterigmaslightlyconcaveat
Material examined. China: 1 #, Zhangjiajie posterior edge. In P. fernaldana, the cucullus is
(29°49’N, 110°26’E), Hunan Province, 650 m broad, and the sterigma is rounded at posterior
a.s.l., 7.VIII.2001, leg. Houhun Li and Xinpu edge. This species is recorded for the first time
Wang.8##1$,Baoxing(30°22’N,102°50’E), fromChina.
Sichuan Province, 1,600 m a.s.l., 3.VIII.2004,
leg. Yingdang Ren. 1 #, Tianquan (30°06’ N, 3.2.4.Phaecasiophora(Megasyca)obraztsovi
102°46’ E), Sichuan Province, 1,300 m a.s.l., Diakonoff,1973
29.VII.2004, leg. Yingdang Ren. 1 #, Chishui
(28°34’N,105°42’E),GuizhouProvince,240m Phaecasiophora (Megasyca) obraztsovi
a.s.l.,21.IX.2000,leg.HailiYu. Diakonoff,1973:124,figures239(#genit.,
Distribution.China(Anhui,Hunan,Sichuan, Japan),240–241($genit.)
Guizhou,Taiwan),Korea,Japan,Indonesia,Bor-
neo,Russia. Material examined. China: 19 ## 5 $$, Mt.
Remarks.Thisspeciesiswidelydistributedin Tianmu (30°26’N, 119°34’E), Zhejiang Prov-
EastAsiaandSouth-eastAsia.Liu&Li(2002) ince, 350–1,500 ma.s.l., 15.–19.VIII.1999, leg.
recorded this species from Anhui Province and HouhunLi.
gavetheillustrationsofadultsandgenitalia.Itis Distribution. China (Zhejiang), Japan, Rus-
characterized by having the ear-like socius and sia.
thecuculluswithastronglyprojectingandsemi- Remarks.ThisspeciesresemblesPsilacantha
circularbase. pryeri (Walsingham) in appearance. The main
differencebetweenthetwospeciesliesinthehind
3.2.3.Phaecasiophora(Megasyca) tibia of male, which is densely covered with a
walsinghamiDiakonoff,1959 broadtuftoflongscalesinP.obraztsovi.Thetwo
species can also be readily separated fromeach
Phaecasiophora (Megasyca) walsinghami otherbythegenitalstructures.Thisspeciesisre-
Diakonoff,1959:179,plate4,figure14,plate cordedforthefirsttimefromChina.
6,figures20–21(#,$genit.,Indonesia:West
Java) 3.2.5.Phaecasiophora(Megasyca)pyragra
Diakonoff,1973
Materialexamined.China:1#1$,Mt.Long-
wang(30°23’N,119°24’E),ZhejiangProvince, Phaecasiophora(Megasyca)pyragraDiakonoff,
26.VII.1996, leg. Hong Wu. 1 #, Mt. Tianmu 1973:122–123,figure185(#genit.,China:
(30°26’N,119°34’E),ZhejiangProvince,500m Hainan)
a.s.l., 16.VIII.1999, leg. Houhun Li. 1 $, Mt.
Jiuhua (30°23’N, 117°48’E), Anhui Province, Material examined. China: 1 #, Mt. Jiuwan-
9.VIII.2004, leg. Jiasheng Xu and Jialiang dashan(25°22’N,108°37’E),GuangxiProvince,
Zhang. 1 $, Xiangtan (27°52’ N, 112°53’ E), 620ma.s.l.,25.VIII.2001,leg.HuaijunXue.
HunanProvince,30.VII.2004,leg.YunliXiao.1 Distribution.China(Guangxi,Hainan).
#,Shangsi(22°09’N,107°58’E),GuangxiProv- Remarks. Diakonoff (1973) described this
ince,770ma.s.l.,3.IV.2002,leg.ShulianHaoand speciesfromHainanProvince.Liu&Li(2002)
Huaijun Xue. 2 ##, Mt. Fanjing (27°55’ N, reported it from the same locality, and we also
108°41’ E), Guizhou Province, 1,300 m a.s.l., founditinGuangxiProvince.Thisspeciesistyp-
3.VIII.2001,leg.HouhunLiandXinpuWang. ically represented by the very long aedeagus,
Distribution. China (Zhejiang, Anhui, whichiswellsclerotizedandhaslargedentations
Hunan,Guangxi,Guizhou),Indonesia,Thailand. atapex.