A study of speech education in four-year Negro colleges and universities in the United States

464 Pages·028.392 MB·English

by  May, A. Florence

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NAME AND ADDRESS DATE

NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY
A STUDY OF SPEECH EDUCATION IN FOUR-YEAR NEGRO COLLEGES
AND UNIVERSITIES IN THE UNITED STATES
A DISSERTATION
SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS
for the degree
DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY
SCHOOL OF SPEECH
By
« Florence May
EVANSTON, ILLINOIS
June, 1951
ProQuest Number: 10101713
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uest,
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li
or
fists o o m m
Fag©
LIST or liillJSM .... Vi
Port I
SX0SXFXCA9T XM
BACIOEOOiD FACTORS THE STUB!
Chapter
I* XlfAODEGfXOS TO TO I
T&© Froblam far Xiwa*ttg*tlQ& 8
Purpoa* and Satuy* of tho Study 4
Baal© Aaauaytlaua Sadarlylftg the Study B
FaasIBi© Vaia# at IB© Study 6
0#a#raX Proaadura in tba Study 8
Organtsattm of tba Bata 11
Sumiaty IB
ii* speech OTdAfXos mm tie asnuui ebbs of
racem es*** »*«»««**•+*•*** »*•««**.»**' •«.«»•«** u
Tha Soap# of Spaaoh Sduaatlaa 14
TO© XxMUMmoliK Importaoo© of Spooots
Eduaaiioa 16
Siad'lulty of t&a Broad lima of Spaaah
Sduomtioti to thoaa of Bdoaatiau Caaarally 22
Spaaofe Sduoation mn& tha Objaatlvaa of
8alf*Rcall«*t&afi 26
%#a©ls and of
Eduaatlaa tha Objaativaa
Oaad Hatton Ralatloxiahips 42
Spa©oh Bduaatlau and tha Objaatluo© of
Saaaaatla Sfflaiaaoy 5?
Spoaat Sdaaiatioa and tha Qbjaatluaa of
Slot a loop®**® Ability 65
Chaptar Summary @|
III* smcm fBBCATZOS'ASD TIE SPECIAL mOBlfm OF
880*0 YOIJTH*, «*«,»«,• ******************.*.******* 86
Sam© spaalal Frablaaa of Sagro Bollaga
Siudamb® 8t
tha tha
Claaalflaatlaa of Froblaaa for
Furp&m® of this Study OS
Frohioaa is tha Area of
Spaaiflaally Spaoeh
Parfaraoaaa 100
and ih© Spoelal Problem©
spaaah Sduaatiaa
of SalfwSaallaatlam 115
616678
ill
m n m
cr gqxtihts {c©»t*d)
Chopto* p*g®
Spooob Bdmoatloo and III* Slpooi&l Problomi
Of Homan Eolation® 120
%®#®h &M %!?• Spoei&l Problom#
of Itaonomio Effteionoy 132
thm
Bp##®!* fdtetotiem oni Spooiol Froblomo
of Olfit Eooponoifelliiy 134
Chapter Smmory 144
if* fit bimq Gouxat aiu» its m&'-misiBiixtj foe
Bfmm
8DOOAMOI** 145
Briof Eovlew of tb# Hiotory ami iigivifio&noe
of th# logs*® 6oll*f» 143
Portimoat Fa® to lo ia tto g to th# Pv*8«nt
in th# Coll®goo 14f
¥h® Stoopommibtllty th® Mogr© Coll®go
for %o®eb Mooaiioti. 155
Prwioo® itmiio® of Spoaeh Bdnoatioa in
togr# Collago® 161
Ghopt** $mm&rp l t 7
Part II
spiicB m m at 108 ii the ooiuscfis ii the stub*
?* *ro$swes8 tn wuwu*.*********„.**.,* ito
Soloottoo of GoHogo* to Furaiofc Data 180
Mothod® B«mm3 in Coilootl& g Bata 190
¥ m t 8Kst of th® Bata 199
Ohapt®* Smmry 201
¥1* TBEBEBCXtS II SPEECH SDBCAHOE 11 Oil
nmmnm sxam*tt vs e o u s a s s
203
4 P®i# ?&®i® ftboat th® Collog** 203
Bopartmomt in tffeiob Spoooh Coup&o« are
Offorod 206
Soap® of Spoooh Program® 215
Cbjootivo* of Sp®#®!* Program® 221
H&jor* in S poo oh 224
O ouroo# In Spoooh 228
Eioo*llas»*®us Information aboot tho
Oorrioniar Program 236
$pm®h
Co^wrlomlar Program in 239
Iv
t m m or c o m m (mut»a)
Chapt©* P©g®
Support of 0#«Currieulftr 8p*o©h
p*©gr©* 244
8®ttipm©ttt for Sp©©eb €©©?«©« oodi ioitrlti®© 246
fmmhm® of 8p©«©h in 01a®$ 0 and Ola®#
& Ooiiof## 248
£a©r««©lfif lapfe©©!© upon Spoooh in ih©
8©ll©g©i 251,
0&©pt©r Bmmury 252
?II* CUftftXCUUft .0PI1SO1 PftOCUUHC If THE 880*0
$©p©*t»Ollt in Vhioa Spoaoh I© Offor©4 ©nd
Mrt*i©t©*©6 25?
OfejftOtl©©* of th© 8p®»©b Programs 260
tKt©&t of Ourri©u3.©r Program in Spooeh 262
Major® m 4 Minor® 262
® - m m m %m 9p©©©ii 264
C#©*#©© in FundmMontml® of Sp©o©h 272
Zmwmlm of Eoprooontativ# £©©*••©
in %©©t®l A m m 205
Cb©j»to* Bwrnnry 294
in t m
?IXX# C©JM31ftXQlilft& PROSMHS XH speech
89010 COZMagft,,* 296
8«#p© of 0©«0urrl©iil©r Program® 296
R#pr®®«tt%®t&tw O©~0urri«mlar Aoiiritio© in
ih© Collage© 504
Bran© 504
ladto 314
Bobatt&g 31?
Other Spooeh Aetlviti©© 526
Chapter B w t r f 320
1X» PiaBtSMI 008898*10 MIfff EXPAffSXOS OF 3FSFCH
PROGRAMS II ?BK SRGJtO 00UJEG8S* ♦**•♦.* * ♦ * . * * 330
0©»©#© ©f timitatio©© I© Speeeh Program® 350
81©«o©©i©n of ih© Major C©u«©» of
limit©! Program® 334
Budget® for Speech Aotlritl*© 335
fb® Freblw© of Spec® ©n! ?©©llltl©* for
3p©©tth 0©tKr©®© and Activities 338
Sp««eh a® m Moofe lpp©»dft^« of th©
8ft©ll©h XMipftrtawftt 356
t m m of costs*** (®ont«a)
Cfeftpt** Faf©
Tli* ftrobl** of X»*ttffl*l*nt G******
in 8**«*h 360
tli# Prabi** of Addition*! f#a*li#r#
of %©*®h 363
Tb* FrobAom ®f ft*ho4Utfl«* tt*ph**l*
®a Speoeh ^ 376
fb® S**vw*ln* Xaqpttft*!* 00. $$***& Asa tb®
***** 0*11®#®* 3?*
S«n*y 379
Xt Ofimi StIMMABf, oo*oxoaxo*8t AID
ttooHsismfxoiis*,*,* ****** **********.*****# ****** 333
®mmm% Stuassasr J8J
Ooiittluilmat 309
i**«*n*od*ti*** Iff
I«.eow®Ma t A ® 11 ® S*i*ti** to Makia#
8fs***h *®r® Midelr A**Ai*fel* 395
It*® w m m d atAmt» &«lativ® t* 8t*dl**
tffeiah loess to B® S«®6*£ 397
3fB!*!0GBAPHf***•»**«««•*•»»•....... *******.***** 400
Amasxxas** •+«**»**»*« »•«.•»»•** *••***•*.**•««• ****** 409
AppmnAiM A 409
&pf»3S#&» t 427
Tl
LI3T OF TABLES
Table Page
I, DISTRIBUTIOH OF SEORO FOUR-YEAR ACCREDITED
OR PROVISIONALLY ACCREDITED COLLEGES ABD
08ITKRSITIBS ASCQJffilHG TO LOCATIOH ABD SIZE... 151
II, COLLEGES PARTICIPATING IB THE STUDY, .......... 182
111, SB3RQ COLLEGES IB THE STUDY ACCORDIB3 TO
SIZE GROUPS. .................. 183
IT. CLASSIFICATION OF COLLEGES OFFERING LIBERAL
ARTS .... .................. 185
V, NEGRO COLLEGES IH THE STUDY ACCORDING TO
LOCATION.......... 18?
Tl, SB SB 88 OF WHITE COLLEGES IH THE STUDY...... 198
VII. DEPARTMENT IH WHICH SPEECH COURSES ARE
OFFERED......... 207
Till. DEPARTMENT IH WHICH SPEECH COURSES ARB
OFFERED IB COLLEGES OF DIFFERENT SUES IH
CLASS S.............. 210
IX. P08ITI08S OF PERSONS FILLING QUESTIONNAIRES
FOR THE 185 COLLEGES....... 2U
1, EXTENT OF 3"EECH PROGRAMS IH THE 185
COLLEGES................ 216
XI, MAJOR OBJECTIVES OF SHE SPEECH PROGRAMS
RANKED ACCORB1NO TO FREQUENCY OF MENTION..... 222
III. PERCENTAGE OF COLLEGES HAVING MAJORS IH
GENERAL SPEECH OR IB SPECIFIC SPEECH AREAS.... 225
XIII, DISTRIBUTION OF COURSES AC"0RDI33 TO ARIAS
OF SPEECH IH 57 CLASS 0 AHD 29 CLASS D
COLLEGES, . . . . ..... 229
XIV. SPEECH COURSES IB GROUPS VI, V, AHD IV,
OF CLASS C COLLEGES.......................... 232
XV, PEBCEBTAaS OF COLLEGES IB THS VARIOUS
GLASSES HAVING PARTICULAR CO-CURRICULAR
ACTIVITIES, 1917-1948...,............. 241
vii
LIST OP TABLES (oont»d)
Table ?*ge
i n * bompmbht pen speech coo uses a an activities
IS CLASS C COLLEGES ..... 247
xvii, sag atjMBSS op teachers of speech is
CLASS 8 O O I L S I K S . 247
XVIII. SIPES or SPXBCB BS9RESS IH CLASS C AND
CLASS D C O L L E G E S * 250
XIX, DSPARTNBKT 18 WHICH COLRSBS III SPBSCB
WEEK OFFERED ABB ABMXSISTBRSD IS THE
HBORO COLLEGES,. . . . . . . . 2 5 7
XX. MAJOR ffiMBCHTW OP TBS SPEECH PRO0XAW8 261
XXI, mOSHTACS OF SS3S0 OOLLBOKS HAVI3V MAJORS IS
SPB1CH CS8PARB8 WITS COLLEGES IS CLASSES
B ARB E............... 264
XXIX, PERCENTAGE OF RBORO COLLSGBS BAVIHO
MIHORS IS SBHECH COMPARED WITR COLLEGES
IS CLASSES 0 km ...................... 265
xxiii, tag pbmsstasb of Rsaao colleges havibg
OOGRSBS IB VARIOUS ABBAS Of SPEECH
COMPARED WITH COLLEGES IE CLASS 0 480
CLASS B. ...... 267
xxiv. spssoh oocrses is oiosps vi# v, arb xv
op tie shoro colleges offerihg liberal
ARTS,... ..... 269
XXV. PERQS8TA0E OF HH0R0 COLIE ..MR BAVIKO
PARTICULAR CCWJCMICBLAR SPSKCH ACTIVITIES
COMPARED KITH PERCBHTAQE3 OF COLLEGES IH
CLASS C A?® CLASS S, 1947-1948,...... 297
XXVI, PSR8B8VAGB OP RRGRO COLLEGES HAVIHG
OROABIEATIOM PR0H0TI83 SPEECH ACTIVITIES
IH OBRtAIR AREAS COMPARED WITH PER08STAGBS
0? C0LL8CB3 IH CLASS C ASD CLASS B,
1947-1948 ........ 300
XXVH. PHRQBfTACB OF HBORO COLLE S3 PARTICIPATIS3
18 TOORBAMS8TS COMPARED WITH PERCEHTAOE
OP COLLEGES IH CLASS C ABB CLASS B,
1947-1948,,..... 302