A Study of Personal and Cultural Values: American, Japanese, and Vietnamese (Culture, Mind and Society)

186 Pages·2008·1.09 MB·English

by  Roy D'Andrade

A Study of Personal and Cultural Values
Culture, Mind, and Society
The Book Series of the Society for
Psychological Anthropology
With its book series Culture, Mind, and Society and journal Ethos, the Society
for Psychological Anthropology publishes innovative research in culture and
psychology now emerging from the discipline of anthropology and related
fields. As anthropologists seek to bridge gaps between ideation and emotion or
agency and structure—and as psychologists, psychiatrists, and medical anthro-
pologists search for ways to engage with cultural meaning and difference—
this interdisciplinary terrain is more active than ever.
This book series from the Society for Psychological Anthropology
e stablishes a forum for the publication of books of the highest quality that
illuminate the workings of the human mind, in all of its psychological and
biological complexity, within the social, cultural, and political contexts that
shape thought, emotion, and experience.
Series Editor
Douglas Hollan, Department of Anthropology, University of California,
Los Angeles
Editorial Board
Linda Garro, Department of Anthropology, UCLA
Catherine Lutz, Department of Anthropology, University of North
Carolina, Chapel Hill
Peggy Miller, Departments of Psychology and Speech Communication,
University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
Robert Paul, Department of Anthropology, Emory University
Bradd Shore, Department of Anthropology, Emory University
Carol Worthman, Department of Anthropology, Emory University
Titles in the Series:
Adrie Kusserow, American Individualisms: Child Rearing and Social Class
in Three Neighborhoods
Naomi Quinn, editor, Finding Culture in Talk: A Collection of Methods
Anna Mansson McGinty, Becoming Muslim: Western Women’s
Conversions to Islam
Roy D’Andrade, A Study of Personal and Cultural Values: American,
Japanese, and Vietnamese
A Study of Personal and
Cultural Values
American, Japanese, and
Vietnamese
Roy D’Andrade
A STUDY OF PERSONAL AND CULTURAL VALUES
Copyright © Roy D’Andrade, 2008.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any
manner whatsoever without written permission except in the case of brief
quotations embodied in critical articles or reviews.
First published in 2008 by
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ISBN-13: 978–0–230–60299–1
ISBN-10: 0–230–60299–1
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First edition: April 2008
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This book is dedicated to Melford E. Spiro,
my teacher and friend for many years.
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Contents
List of Figures and Tables ix
Acknowledgments xi
1 Introduction—The Initial Puzzle 1
2 The Conceptual Framework 7
3 Questionnaire Construction 13
4 The Three Society Study 21
5 The Organization of Values 27
6 Similarities and Differences 51
7 The Americans 61
8 The Vietnamese 77
9 The Japanese 101
10 Institutionalized Values 121
Appendix 143
Bibliography 161
Index 169
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List of Figures and Tables
Figures
2.1 Senses of the term value 11
5.1 Principal components analysis of 58 values clusters:
combined American, Japanese and Vietnamese data 40
5.2 Recomputed smallest space analysis 70 cultural
groups (recomputed from Schwartz [2002]) 42
5.3 Correspondence analysis of political issues:
selected data from Ornstein et al. (1988) 46
6.1 Value cluster means for Americans,
Japanese, and Vietnamese 52
7.1 Scatter plot for Americans and Japanese
328 value items 62
7.2 Comparison of Americans to Three Society
average for 58 value clusters 65
7.3 Comparison of Americans to the
“Typical American” for 58 value clusters 69
7.4 American Sample: gender, SES, and
religion by individualism/collectivism and
altruism/self-interest 74
7.5 Correspondence analysis of Rokeach
values by religion 75
8.1 Comparison of Vietnamese to Three Society
average on 58 c luster 81
8.2 Vietnamese sample: gender, religion, and
generation by individualism/collectivism
and altrusim/self-interest 93
8.3 Vietnamese and American NEO facet means 96
9.1 Comparison with Japanese to Three Society
average for 58 value clusters 103
10.1 Correspondence analysis of roles and
selected value items: American data 128
10.2 Correspondence analysis of 18 evaluative scales
and 6 concepts 134
10.3 Three loci of value 140