JONATHAN CAPE PAPERBACK JCP 30 A STUDY OF GURDJIEFF’S TEACHING KENNETH WALKER A Study of Gurdjieff’s Teaching JONATHAN CAPE THIRTY BEDFORD SQUARE LONDON FIRST PUBLISHED 1957 THIS PAPERBACK EDITION FIRST PUBLISHED 1965 REPRINTED 19675 1969, 1973 ISBN 0 224 609 I 2 2 JONATHAN CAPE, 3O BEDFORD SQUARE, LONDON WCI Condition of Sale This book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not, by way of trade or otherwise, be lent, re-sold, hired out, or otherwise circulated with out the publisher’s prior consent, in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published and without a similar condition including this condition being imposed on the subsequent purchaser. Printed in Great Britain by Fletcher & Son Ltd, Norwich and bound by Richard Clay (The Chaucer Press) Ltd, Bungay, Suffolk CONTENTS PREFACE page 7 I GURDJIEFF AND OUSPENSKY 11 II MAN´S SEVERAL MINDS 19 III MAN IS ASLEEP 35 IV KNOWLEDGE AND BEING 52 V THE SEARCH FOR A SELF 71 VI ESSENCE AND PERSONALITY 86 VII THE TWO GREAT COSMIC LAWS 99 vii THOUGHTS ON THE RAY OF CREATION 118 IX THE THREE-STORIED FACTORY 133 X THE POSSIBILITY OF EVOLUTION IN MAN 149 XI THE STEP DIAGRAM AND THE ENNEAGRAM 162 XII THE IDEA OF ESOTERICISM 178 XIII RELIGION 194 XIV SAYINGS OF GURDJIEFF 209 BIBLIOGRAPHY 217 INDEX 219 DIAGRAMS 1 SEVEN CENTRES IN MAN page 22 2 THE RAY OF CREATION 101 3 THE LATERAL OCTAVE OF LIFE 128 4 THE FIRST TWO TRIADS IN THEO CTAVE OF FOOD DIGESTION 136 5 THE THREEK INDS OF FOOD 137 6 TRANSFORMATION OF THE THREE KINDS OF FOOD 139 7 MECHANICAL AND DEVELOPED MAN COM PARED 158 8 THE STEP DIAGRAM l66 9 THE ENNEAGRAM 173 10 THE ENNEAGRAM REPRESENTING FOOD DI GESTION 174 11 INFLUENCES TO WHICH AN INDIVIDUAL MAN IS SUBJECTED l8o 12 THE ESOTERIC CIRCLES 187 I dedicate this book to those members of Gurdjieff’s Paris Group who have given such valuable assistance to Gurdjieff’s followers in this country PREFACE In a criticism of a recent work of mine, Mr. Cyril Connolly remarked that for the last ten years I had been trying to write the same book with varying success. He was right, for almost every word I have written since the publication of Diagnosis of Man in 1942 has reflected one or another aspect of Gurdjieff´s teaching, a teaching which forms a complete, consistent and integrated whole. And now all of these pre vious efforts are culminating in an attempt to give a fuller account of the psycho-philosophical system which has im parted to my books the sameness of which Mr. Connolly complains. I therefore regard this present work as being much more important than any of its predecessors, whatever its fate may be and however unfavourable the criticisms that it receives. That it will be handled very roughly by some of my critics is highly probable, for no one has ever greeted Gurdjieff’s teaching with indifference. He has either felt that there was something big in it or else has reacted very vio lently against it, for, like other religious teachers — I regard Gurdjieff as such — he startled his hearers rather than soothed them. The account of Gurdjieff’s teaching contained in this book is very far from being complete. It was not my intention to give a full report of it, but to comment on those parts of his system of knowledge which have made a particularly deep impression on me or which I have felt to be of special importance. I have many acknowledgements to make, and there is no person to whom I am so deeply indebted as to Gurdjieff’s chief interpreter, P. D. Ouspensky. Had it not been for his 7