A Social History of Anthropology in the United States PDF
Preview A Social History of Anthropology in the United States
A Social History of Anthropology in the United States This book offers a comprehensive introduction to the social history of anthro pology in the United States, examining the circumstances that gave rise to the discipline and illuminating the role of anthropology in the modern world. Thomas C. Patterson considers the shifting social and political economic conditions in which anthropological knowledge has been produced and deployed, the appearance of practices focused on particular regions or groups, the place of anthropology in structures of power, and the role of the educator in forging, perpetuating, and changing representations of past and con temporary peoples. The book addresses the negative reputation that anthro pology took on as an offspring of imperialism, and provides fascinating insight into the social history of America. In this second edition, the material has been revised and updated, including a new chapter that covers anthropological theory and practice during the turmoil created by multiple ongoing crises at the beginning of the twenty first century. This is valuable reading for students and scholars interested in the origins, development, and theory of anthropology. Thomas C. Patterson is Distinguished Professor of Anthropology Emeritus at the University of California, Riverside. A Social History of Anthropology in the United States Second edition Thomas C. Patterson Second edition published 2021 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN and by Routledge 52 Vanderbilt Avenue, New York, NY 10017 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2021 Thomas C. Patterson The right of Thomas C. Patterson to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. First edition published by Bloomsbury 2001 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Patterson, Thomas C. (Thomas Carl), 1937-author. Title: A social history of anthropology in the United States / Thomas C. Patterson. Description: Second edition. | Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2021. | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2020016929 (print) | LCCN 2020016930 (ebook) | ISBN 9781350076211 (hardback) | ISBN 9781350076204 (paperback) | ISBN 9781003087878 (ebook) Subjects: LCSH: Anthropology--Social aspects--United States--History. Classification: LCC GN17.3.U6 P38 2021 (print) | LCC GN17.3.U6 (ebook) | DDC 301.0973--dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020016929 LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020016930 ISBN: 978-1-350-07621-1 (hbk) ISBN: 978-1-350-07620-4 (pbk) ISBN: 978-1-003-08787-8 (ebk) Typeset in Bembo by Taylor & Francis Books In Memory of Wendy Ashmore (1948–2019) Scholar, Tea cher, Beloved Life Partner, Inspiration, and Congenial Critic Contents Acknowledgments ix Introduction 1 Organization of the book 4 1 Nation building on the edge of empires, 1600–1877 8 Establishing a national identity and the dialectics of anthropology 9 Westward expansion, Manifest Destiny, and race theory 17 Slavery, class struggle, and war 26 Discussion 29 2 Anthropology in the Age of the Robber Barons, 1860–1929 31 Societal evolution 32 Professionalization, certification, and political commitment 44 Struggles over the future of anthropology, 1916–1932 55 Discussion 63 3 Anthropology and the search for social order, 1929–1945 67 Anthropology on the eve of the Depression 68 Anthropology and the New Deal, 1933–1941 76 Anthropology and the war years, 1941–1945 87 Discussion 92 4 Decolonization, the Cold War, and McCarthyism, 1945–1973 98 The reorganization of American anthropology, 1945–1953 101 American anthropology and the Cold War, 1954–1964 111 American anthropology in crisis, 1965–1973 120 viii Contents Discussion 129 5 Crises, neoliberalism, and globalization, 1973–2000 131 The state of anthropology and its reorganization 133 The turn to Marx: anthropology, political economy, and history 137 Structuralist anthropologies 145 Ecological anthropology and neo evolutionism 147 Symbolic, interpretive, and postmodernist anthropologies 150 Diversity and inequality 160 6 Anthropology in the New Gilded Age, 1990–2019 165 Ethics, politics, and the profession 167 Toward an historically informed anthropology 173 Historical political economy 175 Inequality, identity, and intersectionality 179 Racism, populism, fascism 182 Anthropology in the age of global warming 184 Discussion 187 Bibliography 189 Index 227 Acknowledgments I taught history of anthropology courses for thirty five years at Temple Uni versity and the University of California, Riverside. I want to thank my students from whom I learned a great deal. I also want to thank Elizabeth Beckner for preparing the index and Maria Anson for her careful editing of the manuscript. In the course of revising this book over the years, I benefited from conversa tions with Wendy Ashmore, Lee Baker, Karen Brodkin, Kathleen DuVal, Christine Gailey, Peter Gran, Alice Kehoe, Sang Hee Lee, Jeff Maskovsky, Juliet McMullin, Yolanda Moses, Carole Nagengast, Don Nonini, Bob Payn ter, David Price, Jerry Sabloff, Ed Schortman, Bruce Trigger, Patricia Urban, and Alison Wylie. I particularly want to acknowledge the steady encouragement, instantaneous feedback, and constructive commentaries of Wendy Ashmore—my life partner. I dedicate this book in her memory.
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