A revisional catalogue of the genus Ypthima Huebner (Lepidoptera: Satyridae) from Vietnam

2004·4 MB·

Bull.KitakyushuMus.Nat.Hist.Hum.Hist.,Ser.A, 2:17-45, March31, 2004
A Revisional Catalogue of the genus Ypthima Hubner
(Lepidoptera : Satyridae) from Vietnam
Yoshinobu U£mura' & Alexander L. Monastyrskii2
xToyosatoMuseum ofEntomology, Tohigashi676, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 300-2633, Japan
2Vietnam-Russia Tropical Centre, Nghia Do-Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
(ReceivedDecember26,2003;acceptedFebruary 19,2004)
ABSTRACT—The 24 Ypthima species known to occur in Vietnam are considered, of which 12 are
new national records. One new species is described (in the pandocus-group), one new name proposed,
and the status ofthree taxa revised.
KEY WORDS: Taxonomy, Lepidoptera, Satyridae, Ypthima, Vietnam.
Ypthima are containedinafew more recent papers (Anony
INTRODUCTION
mous, 1976, 1981), published in Vietnamese and confined
The genus Ypthima Hubner comprising more than 100 to North Vietnam. Amongst six species reported in these
species is mostly distributed in Palaeotropical regions and works, Y. lycus and Y. conjuncta were mentioned for the
in the eastern Palaearctic region. The highest Ypthima di firsttime.
versity is known from western China, including Yunnan The numerous descriptions and revisions of Fruhstor
and Sichuan provinces and from other adjacent countries fer (1911), Evans (1932), Talbot (1947), Forster (1948),
such as N.E. India, Nepal, Sikkim, Assam, Bhutan, Burma, Eliot (1967), and Cantlie and Norman (1959) were consid
Thailand including regions of the Indo-Chinese Peninsula, ered in the fundamental work by Shirozu and Shima(1979)
inparticularly Laos and Vietnam. on systematic study ofthe genus Ypthima. The authors ex
However, until recently the data on the Ypthima fauna amined the morphological structure, such as male foreleg,
from Indo-Chinawere rather poor and controversial. In the wing venation, wing patterns, androconia and male and fe
first serious work, on the taxonomy and biogeography of malegenitaliaof the53 describedspecies, mostly belonging
this genus (Elwes & Edwards, 1893) there are no Ypthima to the Asian fauna. In this monograph, there are seven
species listed from French Indo-China. There are some Ypthima speciesmentionedfrom Vietnam (addedphilomela
specimens of Y. baldus, Y. huebneri and Y. multistriata (= andinouei).
imitans) in BMNH and in MNHN, which were collected in During recent years (1990-2000), Ypthima have been
Vietnam in the second half of 19thand at the beginning of intensively collected in different sites of Vietnam by re
the 20th centuries, although they were not mentioned in the searchers from Vietnam-RussiaTropical Centre and by vol
formerpublication. unteers ofFrontier-Vietnam. Examination of this material
In 1911, H. Fruhstorfer published descriptions ofnew resulted in the description of new taxa (Uemura &
races of Y. asterope (=norma) and Y. savara from south Monastyrskii, 2000). Also, interesting material, including a
AnnamandTonkin and soon Dubois and Vitalis de Salvaza newtaxon, wasfound in the MNHN.
(1921, 1924)reported fivespecies from central and northern The main objectivesofthe presentstudy are to summa
Vietnam. Further information can be found in the catalog rize and assess collection and literature data on Ypthima
published by Gaede (1931) and in the list by R. Metaye speciesinVietnam; to understand the biogeographical po
(1957) ; however, both were mostly based on previous sitionofthisgroupofspecies inVietnam withregardtothe
works. Rich material, including new taxa and new records, regional fauna ; and to describe new taxa recently discov
was collected by Metaye in the 60s and 70s from the south ered by recent collectingand inmuseumcollections.
of Vietnam. However, only material deposited in the
MNHN was documented. The results were not otherwise
published and new taxa were not described. Short lists of
18 Yoshinobu Uemura& AlexanderL. Monastyrskii
ince(19°52' -20°02'N; 105°58' -105°15'E).
The main vegetation types ofcollecting localities
Thereare fourmainforesttypes :lowermontanemixed
N. Vietnam(Tonkin) coniferous and broadleaf evergreen forest (above 800m) ;
Hoang Lien Son Nature Reserve, Lao Cai province lowlandevergreen forest (below 800m); regenerating forest
(22°09'-24' N;103°47' -59' E),includingSaPasettlement andmixedbambooandtimberforest
The forestbelongsto three types: submontanedry ever
green forest, tropical montane deciduous forest and sub- Ben En National Park, Thanh Hoa province (19°30'-
alpine forest In addition, scrub land and savanna areas are 19°40' N; 105°21'-35'E).
found on ridge tops. The dwarfbamboo habitats are con Surviving areas of lowland forest which is character
fined to the highest ridges ofthe Fan Si Pan massif, at the ized by small, shade-intolerant trees and a dense under
altitudesabove2,800m. growthdominatedby bamboo.
TarnDaoNationalPark,VinhPhuprovince(21°30'N ; Pu Mat Nature Reserve (18°50'-19°10'N ; 104°20' -
105°40'E). 55*E); BuHuongNatureReserve(19°15'-30' N; 104°45'
A small mountain range (19,000 ha) reaching over -105°00'E), Pu Hoat Nature Reserve (all Nghe An prov
1,200mabove sea level, and covered by mountain rain for ince).
est, surroundedby deforestedareasand paddyfields ;floris- Mostly lowland evergreen rain forests and deciduous
tically very rich, without any conspicuously dominant tree and semi-deciduous monsoon forests, the vegetation type
species. beingdependenton annual rainfall inthesite.
CuePhuong National Park,NinhBinhprovince (20° VuQuang Nature Reserve, HaTinhprovince (18°18'
14'-24'N;105°29'-44'E). -20'N; 105°45'-50'E).
The vegetation seems to be close to typical lowland Lower montane evergreen forest and deciduous and
tropical forest on limestone with the typical five-storey semi-deciduous monsoon forest the vegetation type being
structurenot influencedmuch by man. dependenton annual rainfall inthesite.
BaViNationalPark,HaTayprovince(20°01' ;21°07' Phong Dien ProposedNatureReserve, ThuaThien Hue
N; 105°18'-25'E). province (16°18'-35'N ; 107°03'-21'E) ; Da Krong Pro
Asemi-mountainousarea, mostlycoveredwith lowland posed Nature Reserve, Quang Triprovince (16°23'-42'N ;
(<400) and low montane (400-1,200m) broad-leaved ever 106°53'-09' E).
green forests. Lowland evergreen forest at ridges of low mountains,
which extends south-east from the Annamite mountains.
Ba Be National Park, Bac Can province (22°23'N ; Bothprotected areas support the largest remaining territory
105° 37'E) and Na Hang Nature Reserve, Tuyen Quang oflowlandforest incentralVietnam.
province(22°16'-31'N;105°22'-29'E).
The forest can be classified into two main types :Stre- BachMaNational Park,ThuaThienHueprovince(16°
blus I Burretiodendron forest on steep, rocky limestone 05'-16'N ; 107o43'-108°12'E) ; Ba Na Nature Reserve,
slopes,andmixedlowlandrainforeston deepersoils. The Quang Nam province (15°57'-16°03'E ; 107°57'-108°03'
second type is characterized by a diverse ground flora, in E).
cludingherbsand palms. Vegetation dominated by different types of seasonal
evergreenrain forest dependingon altitude.
Cat Ba National Park, Hai Phong province (20°54'-
20° 51'N;106°45'-106°58'E). Song Thanh Nature Reserve, Quang Nam province
The mainnatural vegetation type islimestone forest It (15° 13'-41' N; 107°21-50'E).
has been subjected to high levels of disturbance and large Thevegetationisdominatedbyevergreenforest: forest
areas have been replaced by limestone scrub or bare rock. land covers 95% ofthe nature reserve. The topography is
There are some areas of mangrove along the shore of Cat mountainouswith numerouspeaksover 1,000 m.
Ba Island. The National Park ranges in elevation from sea
Ngoc Linh NatureReserve,KonTurnprovince(14°45'
levelto300m.
-15°15'N, 107o21'-108o20'E).
C Vietnam (Annam) A montane area with the highest peak of 2,598m
Xuan Lien Proposed Nature Reserve, Thanh Hoa prov- (MountNgoc Linh). According to the forest type classifi-
Revisional Catalogueof Vietnamese Ypthima 19
cation by Thai Van Trung (1978), the following types are perside, UpF = upperside of forewing, UpH = upperside of
found in the nature reserve: high montane broad-leaved ev hindwing, UN = underside, UnF = underside of forewing,
ergreenforest; mediumto high montane broad-leavedever UnH = undersideofhindwing,FL =lengthofforewing, wsf
green forest ; low montane broad-leaved evergreen forest = wet season form, dsf = dry season form, wsf-dsf or dsf-
and secondaryforest wsf = intermediate form between wet season form and dry
seasonform, colln= collection ;
Kon Ka Kinh,Gia Lai provinces (14°09'-30'N, 108° ALM = Alexander L. Monastyrskii leg., BHM = Bui
16'-28'E). HuuMann leg.,BMNH=Natural History Museum, London
Moderate to high montane broad-leaved evergreen for (formerly British Museum (Natural History), BXP = Bui
est ; high montane coniferous forest where Fokieniahodg- Xuan Phuong leg., FFI = Fauna & Flora International leg.,
insii is the dominant species ; riverine forest. The highest FR = Frontier leg., HVH = Ha Van Hoach leg., KUCGE =
peak isabout 1,742m (MountKon Ka Kinh). School of Social and Cultural Studies (Natural History, Bi
ology), Kyushu University (formerly Biological Laboratory,
KonChaRangNatureReserve,Gia Laiprovince(14° College of General Education, Kyushu University), MN =
30'N;108°30'E). collection of Mr Masatoshi Nishimura, MNHN = Museum
Semi-mountainousflat primarysemi-deciduousforests. National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, MSU = Moscow State
University,RIEB=Research InstituteofEvolutionaryBiol
Bi Doup-Nui Ba Nature Reserve, Lam Dong province ogy,Tokyo, RS = Robert Shore leg.,TME = Toyosato Mu
(12°00'-19'N; 108°21'-44'E). seum of Entomology, Tsukuba, VVL = Vu Van Lien leg.,
The topography is mountainous and whole site lies at ZSM = Zoologische Sammlung des Bayerischen Staates,
1,400mwithhighest peak MountBi Doup at2,280m. There Miinchen;
are two main forest types at the nature reserve : coniferous C. Vietnam (N, C, S) : N = northern, C = central, S =
forest and evergreen forest Coniferous forest is a serial southern partofCentral Vietnam.
vegetationtypeformedasaresultofrepeatedburning. Ev
Key to the species ofVietnamese Ypthima
ergreen forest covers 50% of the nature reserve. A large
proportion of the evergreen forest belongs to the mixed 1 UnH with two apical ocelli inspaces 5and 6. 2
broadleafandconiferousforest - UnH withoneapical ocellus inspace 6. 15
2 Moderateorlargespecies. FLusuallylargerthan
BaoLamForestcomplex,Lam Dongprovince(11°36' 22.0mm. £ aedeagusin lateralviewstrongly
-49'N;107°38'-49'E). curveddorsally. 3
Thetopographyischaracterized by rollinghills at600- - Moderate or small species. FL usually less than
1,200m. The vegetation isdominated by bamboo,a secon 21.5 mm. £ aedeagus ventral surface of su-
daryvegetationtypefollowing logging. However,asignifi prazonalsheathentirelymembranous. 11
cantareaiscovered byprimary evergreen forest 3 UnH ocellus in space 5 fused with ocellus in
space6. sakra
S.Vietnam (Cochinchina) - UnH ocellus in space 5 touching with ocellus in
CatTien NationalPark,Dong Nai province (11°27'N ; space6, but neverfused with it 4
107°20'E). 4 UnH withtwostraight discal fasciae. 5
Lowland evergreen and semi-deciduous forest with - UnHdiscalfasciae,ifpresentneverquitestraight 7
highdiversity ofplants and habitats. Wetland area. 5 UPgrayish-brown. pseudosavara
- UPochreousbrownordarkbrown. 6
LoGoSaMatNatureReserve,TayNinhprovince(11° 6 Large species. FL usually larger than 23.0mm.
19'-40'N; 105°49'-59'E). UpFbrand more orless prominent. savara
Thetopographyisveryflatwithaltitudesreachingonly - Moderate species. FL usually less than 23.0mm.
20m. The sites supports a mosaic of lowland semi- UpF brand invisibleto naked eye. similis
deciduous forest lowland deciduous forest and smaller 7 UNrichdarkbrownwithoutanochreoustinge. 8
patches of lowland evergreen forest There are also some - UNochreousbrown. 10
specific stands of tree species belonging to Dipterocar-
8 UnH with two distinct discal fasciae. Moderate
paceaefamily. species. FLusuallylessthan23.0mm. qffectata
- UnHinnerdiscalfasciaindistinct. Largespecies.
Abbreviations FL usuallylargerthan 23.0mm. 9
Thefollowingabbreviations havebeenused:UP=up 9 UNstriationfineanddense. persimilis
20 Yoshinobu Uemura& AlexanderL. Monastyrskii
- UNstriationcomparativelycoarse. atra - UnH with two tornal ocelliin spaces lband 2. 18
10 UN striation fine and dense. UpH usually with 16 Small species. FL less than 18.0 mm. huebneri
out ocellus in space 5. FL usually less than - Moderate or large species. FL larger than 20.0
25.0mm. evansi mm. 17
- UN striation comparatively coarse. UpH bears 17UnH ocellus in space 2 almost same size in that
large ocellusin space5. FL usually largerthan ofspace 3. tappana
25.0mm. dohertyi - UnH ocellus in space 2 markedly larger than
11 UpF with subapical ocellus faint UnH tornal ocellus in space 3 that sometimes may be ab
ocelli in straightline. lisandra sent Verylargespecies. praenubila
- UpF with a prominent subapical ocellus. UnH 18 Small species. FL less than 17.0mm. norma
ocellusin space 2shiftedmoreor less inwards. 12 - Moderate species. FL largerthan 17.5mm. 19
12UnF with uniform brown striation. £ aedeagus 19UnH apical ocellus markedly larger than ocellus
nearly straight philomela inspace 2except dsfoffrontierii 20
- UnFwithtwodistinctdiscalfasciae. £ aedeagus - UnH apical ocellus almost same size ocellus in
curvedventrallyat middle. 13 space 2. 22
13UpF subapical ocellus with entirely rounded yel 20 UN bothwings with submarginalfasciaobscure.
low ring ;brandilldefined nebulosa frontierii
- UpFsubapical ocelluswith more or less oval yel - UN both wingswith distinctsubmarginalfascia. 21
low ring ; brand moderately to markedly 21 UN darkbrown withoutan ochreoustinge. Apex
prominent 14 of d* valva with small serration. sarcaposa
14FLusuallylargerthan 18.0mm. baldus - Both sexes smaller than sarcaposa. UN ochre
- FL usually less than 18.0mm. singorensis ous brown. Apex of <? valva without serra
15 UnH with three tornalocelli inspaces lb,2and 3. •••16 tion. confusa
China
Central Vietnam
(Annam)
South Vietnam
(Cochinchina)
Fig. 1. FaunalregionofVietnam.
Revisional CatalogueofVietnamese Ypthima 21
22 <T UpFbrandalwaysobscure. watsoni TME) (1d\ KMNHIR 200,191). TuyenQuang province :
- o* UpFwithprominentbrand. 23 Sinh Long Commune, 1<?\ 20. v. 2001 (BXP, incolln of
23 o* UpFwithsubapicalocellusfaint imitans TME).
- ^ UpFwithaprominentsubapicalocellus. daclaca FL. £,25.0-27.0mm.
Bionomics. There are specimenrecords forMay.
„_ _„ „ Distribution. Manipur, Northern Burma, North Vietnam,
LIST OF SPECIES 0 . _. .„ .
SouthChinaand Hainan.
Sakra-group Remarks. Thisspeciesisrecordedin Vietnamforthefirst
Ypthimasakraleechi Forster, 1948 time.
(Figs. 2a,4.1)
Ypthima sakra leechiForster, 1948:483, pi.30,fig. \6£ Ypthima persimilis Elwes &Edwards,1893
(UP), pi. 31, fig.l6<?(UN). Holotype <?, Kunkalashan, (Figs. 2c-d,4.2,4.3,4.4)
Szechwan,W.China(ZSM)[colourtransparenciesof upper Ypthima persimilisElwes & Edwards, 1893 : 39-40. Syn-
andundersideexamined]. types1<?1£, Mao,Manipur,7000' (BMNH) [Syntypes 1£
Ypthima sakra leechi : Monastyrskii & Devyatkin, 2003 : l£,B.M.TypeNo. Rh.3407d\34083- examined].
19. N.(LaoCai). Ypthima atra : Monastyrskii & Devyatkin, 2003 : 19. N.
(LaoCai).
Specimensexamined. N.Vietnam. LaoCai province :Ho-
ang Lien Nature Reserve, 2d\ 20. ii. 1998, 3d\ 10. iii. Specimensexamined. N.Vietnam. LaoCaiprovince:Ho-
1998,2<T, 13.iv.1998(allFR),7<T, 1-2.vii.1998(BXP), 3 ang Lien Nature Reserve, 2<T, 16. iv. 1998, 2c?, 31. vii.
d\25, 27. viii. 1998(VVL), 2<T, 17.vii. 1998(FR,incolln 1998, 2<T, 14. viii. 1998 (all FR), 2<? 27, 31. viii. 1998
ofTME),1o*, 19.vii. 1998(FR,incolln ofTME); SaPa,O (VVL),2<T, 14.viii. 1998 (FR, in colln of TME), 1£, 31.
QuyHo (1,650-1,750m), 2c?,4-6. viii. 2000 (M.Furukawa) viii. 1998(VVL,incolln ofTME); Sa Pa,O Quy Ho (1650
(lc?, KMNHIR200,190). -1750m), 14o*3£, 4-6. viii. 2000 (M. Furukawa) (2<m,
FL. <?,22.0-23.5mm. KMNHIR 200,192) ; Sa Pa, Bankhoang, 1<?\ 16. iv. 2001
Habitats. HoangLien : grasslandnear Sa Pa settlementat (M.Wakabayashi colln); SaPa,Taphin, 1d\ 2.v.2001(M.
1,250m;forested area at 1,700m. Wakabayashi colln) (KMNHIR 200,193) ; Sa Pa, Giang
Bionomics. There are specimen records for February to Tachai, lc?l£,3-4.v.2001(M.Wakabayashicolln).
AprilandJuly toAugust FL. <T,23.0-26.0mm; £,25.0-26.5mm.
Distribution. WesternChinaand upperNorth Vietnam. Habitats. HoangLien :scrubnear Sa Pa settlementat 1,500
Remarks. This species is recorded in Vietnam for the first m.
time. Bionomics. There are specimen records for April to May,
The subspecies of YpthimasakraMoore arelisted below. andJuly toAugust
ssp.sakra Moore, [1858] Distribution. Sikkim, Bhutan,AssamandNorthVietnam.
NorthWest India,Nepal,Sikkim andBhutan Remarks. This species is recorded in Vietnam for the first
ssp.austeni (Moore, [1892]) time.
Assam, NorthernBurma,Thailand
ssp.nujiangensis Huang,2001 Ypthima evansi evansi Eliot, 1967
S.E.Tibet (Figs.2e,4.6)
ssp.leechiForster, 1948 Ypthima evansievansiEliot, 1967:56-58, text-fig.m (an-
WesternChina,NorthVietnam droconia), figs.7(d* genitalia,Dawnas), 15(<? genitalia, N.
ShanStates). Holotype <T, N.E.Burma,NorthShanStates
Ypthima atra Cantlie& Norman, 1959 (BMNH).
(Figs.2b,4.5) Ypthima evansi : Monastyrskii & Devyatkin, 2003 : 20. C.
Ypthima atra Cantlie & Norman, 1959 : 69-71. Lectotype (Lam Dong).
(?,Kangpokpi4000', Manipur(BMNH, B.M.TypeNo.Rh.
18512)[lectotypedesignatedbyEliot 1967:55-56]. Specimensexamined. C Vietnam (S). Lam Dong prov-
Ypthima conjuncta : Monastyrskii& Devyatkin,2003 :20. ince : Bi Doup montane area (1300m), 2c?\ 19. iv. 2002
N.(BacCan). (ALM, in colln ofTME) (1<?, KMNHIR 200,194), 3<?1£,
5-24. iv.2002(BXP,ALM, in ALMcolln).
Specimens examined N. Vietnam. Bac Can province : FL. <?,23.5-25.0mm ; £,26.0mm.
Xuan Lac Commune, 4cT, 24. v. 2001 (BXP, in colln of Habitats. LamDong(BiDoup) :evergreen forestat 1,300-
22 Yoshinobu Uemura & AlexanderL. Monastyrskii
u
abcdefghijklmn
(J U 1/ u u u v
opqrstuvwxy
z aabbcc dd ee ffgghh ii
Fig.2. AndroconiaofYpthima species :a,sakraleechi(HoangLien); b,atra (BacCan); c-d,persimilis (HoangLien);e,evansievansi (BiDoup) ;f,
dohertyimossmani (NgocLinh);g,savaratonkiniana (BaBe);h,ditto(BenEn);i,savarasavara (BanDon);j,pseudosavara (BenEn);k,si-
milis(KonChaRang);1,ditto(LamDong);m,affectata (BaBe);n,tappana selinuntioides (HuongSonforest);o, baldus baldus(Ba Be);p,
ditto(CuePhuong);q,ditto(BanMeThuot);r,ditto(DaLat);s,singorensisindosinica nom.nov.(NgocLinh);t,ditto(PlayKu); u,nebulosa
(BaBe);v,ditto(PuMat);w,philomelapeguana(DaLat);x,lisandralisandra (PlayKu);y,normaannamitica (DaLat);z,praenubilapraenu-
bila(TamDao);aa,huebneri (DaLat);bb,frontierii(HoangLien);cc,ditto(Sapa);dd,sarcaposa(BaVi);ee,confitsa(NgocLinh);ff,imitans
(Tam Dao);gg,ditto (Vu Quang) ;hh,watsoniinouei(TayNinh); ii,daclaca sp. nov. (Dae Lac).
RevisionalCatalogueof Vietnamese Ypthima 23
<w>
%J?
C=£=2HI 1
B
%^
Fig. 3. MalegenitaliaofYpthima species :A,philomelapeguana (DaLat);B,daclaca sp. nov. (paratype specimen, Dae Lac) ;C,sarcaposa (Ba Vi)
D,newara (afterShir6zu& Shima, 1979).
1,400m. ssp. evansi Eliot, 1967
Bionomics. TherearespecimenrecordsforApril. N. E. Burma,N. ThailandandCentralVietnam
Distribution. N. E. Burma, N. Thailand and Central Viet ssp. haka Eliot, 1967
nam(S). N. W.Burma
Remarks. This species is recorded in Vietnam for the first
time.
The subspeciesofYpthimaevansi Eliotare listed below.
24 Yoshinobu Uemura & AlexanderL. Monastyrskii
Ypthima dohertyi mossmani Eliot, 1967 Distribution record taken from the literature. N. Vietnam,
(Figs. 2f,4.7) TuyenQuangprovince,ChiemHoa (Fruhstorfer, 1911).
YpthimadohertyimossmaniEliot, 1967:59, pi.2, figs, ac? FL. cT, 22.0-27.0mm; ?, 25.0mm.
(UP), bcT(UN). Holotype £, Cameron Highlands 5000', Habitats. BaBe :grassy clearing ;Ben En :secondary low
Pahang,Malaya(BMNH,B.M.TypeNo.Rh. 170972). land forestedge;Pu Mat: forest at 200 to 1,500m.
Ypthima dohertyi mossmani : Monastyrskii & Devyatkin, Bionomics. There are specimen records for March to April
2003 : 19. C. (KonTurn,GiaLai) from N. Vietnam, for May to September from C. Vietnam
(N).
Specimens examined. C. Vietnam (Q. Kon Turn prov Distribution. NorthandCentralVietnam.
ince:NgocLinhNatureReserve(1700m),1g, 21.iii. 1998 Remarks. Eliot (1967) associated the populations from
(ALM, in colln ofTME), 1cT, 22. iii. 1998 (ALM) (KMNH Lower Tenasserim and Malaya with subspecies tonkiniana
IR 200,195), 10cm, 20. iii-6. iv. 1998, 2^12, 24. iv. bythecharacteristicofdarkerground colour, much reduced
1998 (HVH, ALM). Gia Lai province : Kon Ka Kinh Na brand, and shorter androconia We restricted subspecies
tureReserve, 10£, 19-26. iv. 1999(ALM). tonkinianato the populations from North and Central Viet
FL. d\ 25.5-27.0mm; 2,26.0-28.0mm. nam (N)by the followingdifferences :UN with two straight
Habitats. Ngoc Linh :grassland in the forest at 1,600-1,700 discal fasciae more prominent; there issmallocellion UnH
m ;Kon KaKinh :ridgeforest at 1,600m. in dsf, while subspecies savara these ocelli strongly re
Bionomics. There are specimenrecords for March toApril. ducedtodots.
Distribution. Malayaand Central Vietnam.
Remarks. Examples from Central Vietnam agree generally Ypthima savara savara GroseSmith, 1887
withtheMalayan subspeciesmossmani. This isthe first re (Figs. 2i,5.1)
cordfrom Vietnam. Yphthima(sic) savara Grose Smith, 1887 : 267. Syntypes,
The subspecies of Ypthima dohertyi (Moore) are listed be Burmah,Siamesefrontier(BMNH,B.M.TypeNo. Rh. 3410
low. o*,3411c?).
ssp.khasiaEliot, 1967 Ypthima savarasavara :Monastyrskii& Devyatkin,2003 :
Assam(Khasia) 19. C.(toLam Dong).
ssp.dohertyi(Moore,[1892])
Burma(ShanStatesto Dawnas),N.Thailand,Laos Specimens examined. C. Vietnam (C). Thua Thien Hue
ssp.mossmaniEliot, 1967 province: Phong Dien Nature Reserve, lc?, 19. vi. 1998
Malaya,CentralVietnam(Annam) (ALM). ; Bach Ma National Park, lc?, vii. 1996 (ALM).
Quang Namprovince :Ba Na, 1c?(wsf), 23. viii. 1995(FR,
Ypthima savara tonkiniana Fruhstorfer,1911 in colln ofTME). Gia Lai province :Kon Ka Kinh Nature
(Figs.2g-h, 5.2) Reserve, 1<?, iii-iv. 1999 (ALM). C. Vietnam (S). Dae Lac
Ypthimasavaratonkiniana Fruhstorfer, 1911: 292,pi.99, province :BanDon(400m), 1c?l2(dsf), 10.iii.1997(MN).
fig. f#2d*(UN). Syntypes, Chiem-Hoa, Tonkin(BMNH) ; Lam Dong province : Bao Loc, lc?, 2-8. viii. 2001 (Y.
Metaye, 1957: 104. North Vietnam ; Eliot, 1967 :55, fig. Kishida) (KMNHIR 200,197). S. Vietnam. Binh Phuoc
5(cT genitalia). Tonkin. province : Nghia Trung Forest complex, 5c?, 20-30. xi.
Ypthimasavaraf.tonkiniana :Dubois&Vitalis deSalvaza, 2003 (ALM). Dong Nai province : Cat Tien National Park
1924:27. Chiem-Hoa,Tonkin. (CatLoc), 11o*, 15.ii.2000,9-18. v.2000(BUM,ALM).
Ypthima savara tonkiniana : Monastyrskii & Devyatkin, FL. c?,24.0-24.5mm; £,23.5-24.0mm.
2003 : 19. N.,C.(toQuangTri). Habitats. Phong Dien :forest at 200-300m ; Bach Ma : at
1,200-1,400m; NghiaTrung : evergreen forest with bam
Specimensexamined. N.Vietnam. BacCanprovince:Ba booat250m ;Cat Loc :forest path at500-600m.
Be National Park, 2c?\27. iii, 4. iv. 1997 (ALM), 1o*(wsf), Bionomics. There are specimen records for February to
28. iii. 1997 (ALM) (KMNHIR 200,196), ld*(wsf), 2. iv. Augustand November.
1997 (ALM, in colln of TME). C. Vietnam (N). Thanh Distribution. BurmatoThailand,Laos, Malaya, Central Vi
Hoaprovince: Ben En NationalPark,3c?l-¥-, 22, 31. vii. etnam(C, S) andSouthVietnam.
1997 (FR),2<?(wsf),30, 31. vii.1997 (FR,in collnofTME), Remarks. Ingenitaliaof specimens from Kon KaKinhand
2o*(wsf), 1. viii. 1997 (FR, in colln of TME), lc?(wsf), 2. CatLocthesaccusisapproximatelyhalfthelengthfoundin
viii. 1997 (FR, in colln ofTME). Nghe An province : Pu specimensfrom Ben Enand PuMat
Mat Nature Reserve, 10cT3£, 25. vi-10. ix.1998 (FFI), Id* The subspeciesof Ypthima savara Grose Smith are listed
(wsf),25. v. 1998 (TMEcolln). below.
Revisional Catalogueof Vietnamese Ypthima 25
ssp.savara GroseSmith, 1887 green forest at 1,000-1.100m.
Burma, Thailand, S. Laos, Malaya, C. Vietnam (C, Bionomics. Thereare specimenrecordsfor endFebruaryto
S) andS. Vietnam the beginningMayand Julyto August
ssp.tonkinianaFruhstorfer, 1911 Distribution. Burma (Shan States to Dawna Range), N. &
N. & C. Vietnam(N), N. & C. Laos E. Thailand,Laos,C. Vietnam.
Remarks. A new record from Vietnam. All male speci
Ypthimapseudosavara Uemura & Monastyrskii,2000 mens from Gia Lai (Kon Ka Kinh and Kon Cha Ran) and
(Figs.2j,4.8) Lam Dong (Bao Loc and BaoLam) provinces lackthe paler
Ypthimapseudosavara Uemura & Monastyrskii,2000 : 153- and freckled space between the outer discal and submar
154,figs, ld-e (androconia),3 (c? genitalia), 10(Holotype ginal fasciae on the UpF. At the same time their Un reveal
<?, UP),11(Holotype c?,UN), 12(Paratype <?, UP&UN), similarity totheUn ofsimilis from Laos andThailand.
13(Paratype <?, UP& UN). Holotype <?, BenEnNational
Park,C. Vietnam(TME) [examined]. Ypthima affectata Elwes& Edwards,1893 Stat rev.
Ypthimapseudosavara : Monastyrskii & Devyatkin, 2003 : (Figs.2m,5.5, 5.6)
19,pl.2,fig.5<?(UP). N.,C. YpthimaaffectataElwes &Edwards, 1893:30-31, pi.1,fig.
20 (c? genitalia). Syntypes lc?2$, Terria Ghat and Mam-
Specimensexamined. N.Vietnam. Bac Can province :Ba loo, in the Khasias, 1500'-3000' (BMNH) [Syntype c?, B.
Be National Park, Xuan Lac Commune, ld\ 6. v. 2001 M.Type No.Rh.3228c?examined].
(BXP). C.Vietnam (N). Thanh Hoa province :Xuan Lien Ypthima affectata : Monastyrskii & Devyatkin, 2003 : 20.
Nature Reserve (450 m), 1<?,29. x. 1998 (ALM) ; Ben En N.(Tuyen Quang), C.(Nghe An).
National Park, 2c?, 24, 31. vii.1997 (FR), 1<?,1. viii. 1997
(FR)(KMNHIR200,198). Nghe An province:PuHoat Na Specimens examined. N.Vietnam. Bac Can province :Ba
ture Reserve, 1^1^, 16-18. iv. 1999 (FR) ; Pu Mat Nature BeNational Park, 1<?,5. iv. 1997 (ALM, incolln ofTME);
Reserve,2c?,4-8. vii. 1998(FFI). DongPhucdistrict 3c?2£, 16-19.iv.2001 ; LungLi dis
FL. <?, 22.0-25.5mm; £, 29.0mm. trict 1^, 29.iv.2001. TuyenQuangprovince:NaHang
Habitats. Xuan Lien : bamboo at 450m ; Ben En : lowland Nature Reserve, lc? (wsf), 12. viii. 1996 (ALM), l<?(wsf),
forest; Pu Mat: secondaryforest at400m. 7. vi. 2003 (BXP) (KMNHIR 200,200), 2<?l*(wsf), 9. vi.
Bionomics. There are specimen records for April, July to 2003(BXP,incolln of TME). C.Vietnam (N). Nghe An
Augustand October. province :PuMatNature Reserve, 2c?,2-4. vii. 1998(FFI).
Distribution. Lowland areas in northern sitesofCentral Vi FL. c?,21.0-22.5mm; ?,22.0mm.
etnamandinnorthern Vietnam. Bionomics. There are specimen records for April and July
Type materialisdepositedinTME, BMNH,and MSU. toAugust
Distribution. AssamandN. & C. Vietnam.
Ypthima similis Elwes & Edwards,1893 Remarks. This species, once treated as a subspecies of si
(Figs. 2k-l, 5.3, 5.4) milis, is sympatric with similis in Northern Burma. It is
Ypthima similisElwes& Edwards, 1893 : 30, pi. 1,fig. 19 possiblythat both species affectataand similis fly together
(<? genitalia). Syntypes6c?, KarenHills,Burma(BMNH) in northern Annamites area (Nghe An and Ha Tinh Prov
[Syntypes 2c?, B.M. Type No. Rh. 3226<?, 3227c? exam inces). Y. affectata from Pu Mat and Y. similis from Laos
ined]. are very close to each other and probably fly together in
Ypthima similis : Monastyrskii & Devyatkin, 2003 : 20. C. somesites.
(GiaLaitoLam Dong).
Tappana-group
Specimensexamined. C Vietnam (C). GiaLaiprovince: Ypthima tappana selinuntioides Mell,1942 statnov.
Kon Cha Rang Nature Reserve, 10c? (dsf), 28. ii-17. iii. (Figs.2n,5.7,5.8)
1999 (ALM) ; Kon Ka Kinh Nature Reserve, 4c?(dsf), 30. Ypthimaselinuntioides Mell, 1942:261. Syntypes 7c?2?,
iii-1-iv. 1999(ALM). C.Vietnam (S). LamDongprov Tsha yun shan &Linping, Kwangtung,S.China[untraced].
ince : Bao Loc, 1c?(wsf), 2-8. viii. 2001 (Y.Kishida) ; Bao Ypthima tappanaselinuntioides :Monastyrskii & Devyat
Lam,4c?,28.iv.-5.v.2003(BHM, incollnofTME)(1<?, kin,2003 :20. N.,C. (toGiaLai).
KMNHIR200,199).
FL. <?,20.0-23.5mm. Specimensexamined. N.Vietnam. BacCanprovince :Ba
Habitats. Kon Cha Rang : primary forest at 900-1,000m ; BeNationalPark,1^, 13.vi.1997(ALM). VinhPhuprov
Kon Ka Kinh : forest at 1,200-1,300m ; Bao Lam : ever ince :Tam Dao (1,300m), 1?, 9. x. 1994 (ALM), l£, 10.
26 Yoshinobu Uemura & AlexanderL. Monastyrskii
vii-2. viii. 1990 (S. Nagai). C Vietnam (N). Nghe An Ypthimabaldus :Monastyrskii & Devyatkin, 2003 :20. N.,
province : Bu Huong, lc?, 27. iv. 1995 (FR). Pu Mat Na C.,S.
tureReserve, 4c?,25. vi-8. vii. 1998 (FFI). C.Vietnam (Q.
HaTinh province:Vu QuangNature Reserve(700m),2c?l Specimens examined. N.Vietnam. Bac Can province :Ba
£,28-30. viii. 1997(ALM), 1£, 30. viii. 1997(TMEcolln) Be National Park, 40c?12£(dsf),21. iii -6. iv. 1997(ALM,
; Huong Son forest, 1<?, 23. iv. 2001 (ALM, in colln of in colln of TME) (2c?l£, KMNHIR 200,202), 19c?5£
TME), lc?, 30. iv. 2001 (ALM) (KMNHIR 200,201), 3c?l (wsf),31. v - 13. vi. 1997 (ALM, in colln ofTME), lc?2£
£, 22. iv-3. vi. 2001 (ALM, FR). Thua Thien Hue prov (wsf), 17-18. ix. 1996 (TME colln), 5c?2£(dsf), 4-7. xi.
ince : Bach Ma National Park, 1$, 15. vii. 1996 (ALM). 1996(TMEcolln). Tuyen Quang province :Na Hang,4c?2
Quang Nam province : Song Thanh Nature Reserve, 1c?, £(wsf), 9, 13,28. viii. 1996(TMEcolln). Lao Cai prov
15.ix.2002 (RS). Gia LaiProvince:Kon Cha Rang Nature ince : Sa Pa, 1c?(dsf), iii. 1995 (TME colln) ; Hoang Lien
Reserve,9c?2£, 3-17. iii. 1999 (ALM); Kon Ka Kinh Na Nature Reserve, 7<?2£, 22. vii - 2. ix. 1998 (VVL), lc?
ture Reserve,2c?,24. iii. 1999 (ALM). (wsf),3. vi. 1998(ALM, incolln ofTME), 1c?l£, 3,4. vii.
FL. c?,20.0-21.0mm ; $,21.0-22.5mm. 1998 (FR,BXP, in colln ofTME), 2c?l£(wsf), 30. viii - 2.
Habitats. Pu Mat: secondary forest at 400m ; Vu Quang : ix. 1998 (WL, in colln of TME). Lai Chau province :
primary forest at 300-700m ; Huong Son : secondary vege MuongNheNatureReserve,2<?3£,6. ii-3.iii. 1997(FR),
tation at 200-400m ; Kon Cha Rang : primary forest at 3c?l£(dsf), 18, 27. ii. 1997 (FR, in colln ofTME). Vinh
1,000m;KonKaKinh :forestat 1,300m. Phuprovince :Tam Dao National Park, 25 exs., iii-xii. 1995
Bionomics. There are specimenrecords for March to April, (ALM). Ninh Binh province :Cue PhuongNational Park, 3
June toAugustand OctobertoNovember. c?5£ (dsf),i, ii, 5c?2£(wsf), iv, viii, ix, x. 1997-98 (ALM,
Distribution. Southern China, and North and Central Viet FFI), 2c?(wsf), 14. vi. 1997 (ALM, in colln ofTME). Ha
Tay province: Ba Vi NationalPark, lc?2£(dsf), 2, 9. iii.
nam.
Taxonomy. Mell(1942)described anew taxon selinuntioi 1996, 3c?l£(wsf), 25. v. 1996, lc?(wsf), 26. vi. 1996, lc?l
des from Kwangtung, Southern China as a species of the £(wsf), 7. vii. 1996, l£(wsf), 20. x. 1996 (all TME colln).
genus Ypthima. The syntypic specimens remain untraced ; Hai Phong province : Cat Ba (Is.) National Park, lc?l-¥-
however,judgingfrom the original description we consider (wsf), 15. iii, 20. vii. 1999 (FR). C. Vietnam (N). Thanh
thistaxon isconspecific with Y. tappana. We treatselinun Hoaprovince:BenEnNationalPark,2c?(wsf), 15, 17.vii.
tioides as a subspecies to include the Southern China and 1997 (FR, in colln ofTME). Nghe An province : Pu Hoat
Vietnampopulation of Y. tappana. Nature Reserve, 4<?5£, 22. x - 1. xii. 1999 (FR) ; Pu Mat
Remarks. This species isrecorded inNorth and Central Vi Nature Reserve, 12 exs., 2. v - 23. ix. 1998 (FFI). C. Viet
etnamforthefirsttime. nam (Q. Ha Tinh province : Vu Quang Nature Reserve, a
The subspecies of Ypthima tappana Matsumura are listed numberofspecimens,vii-ix.1997(ALM), 1<?(wsf), 29.vii.
below. 1997(KMNHIR 200,203), 9c?3?(wsf), 23. viii -9. ix. 1997
ssp.tappanaMatsumura, 1909 (TMEcolln) (1c?l$, KMNHIR 200,204). Quang Tri prov
ince : Phong Dien Nature Reserve,2c?(wsf), 30. vi. 1998
Taiwan
ssp.selinuntioidesMell, 1942 (ALM, incolln of TME). ThuaThien Hue province :Bach
SouthernChina,N. & C. Vietnam MaNationalPark, 15c?,14-23.vii. 1996(ALM,BXP),7c?l
ssp.continentalisMurayama,1981 £(wsf), 15-21.vii. 1996 (TME colln), 2c?l£, 24-28, vii.
Central& WesternChina 2001 (Y. Kishida). Quang Nam province : Ba Na Nature
Reserve, lc?, 26. viii. 1995 (FR), 3c?(wsf), 20, 25, 26. viii.
Philomela-group 1995(TMEcolln). Kon Turn province : Ngoc Linh Nature
Ypthima baldus baldus (Fabricius,1775) Reserve,7c?3£, 20. iii-14. iv. 1998(ALM,HVH), l?(dsf),
(Figs. 2o-r, 6.4, 6.5) 20. iii. 1998 (ALM, in colln of TME), 1c?(dsf-wsf), 9. iv.
PapiliobaldusFabricius,1775:829. India. 1998 (ALM, in colln ofTME), 1c?(wsf),9. iv. 1998 (ALM,
Ypthimaselinuntioides Godfrey, 1919:466. Daban,S.An- incollnofTME). GiaLai province:KonChaRangNature
Reserve, 15c?5£ (dsf),28. ii-17. iii. 1999 (ALM) ; Kon Ka
nam.
Ypthimabaldusf.aest.baldus:Metaye, 1957: 102. North Kinh Nature Reserve, 12c?3?, 23. iii-8. iv. 1999 (ALM).
C Vietnam (S). Dae Lac province :Ban Me Thuot Daray
Vietnam.
Ypthimabaldusf.hib.marshalli:Metaye, 1957:102. Central SapWaterfall(500m), 1c?(dsf-wsf), 9. iii.1997(MN). Lam
Dong province :DaLat(1,500m), 3c?2£(dsf),19.iii.1991
Vietnam.
Ypthimabaldus :Ikedaetal., 1999:57,figs. 6-14c?(UP),6 (S.Osada)(2c?l £, KMNHIR200,205); Da Lat (1,200m), 1
-15c?(UN),6-16£(UP),9-32(c?genitalia). CuePhuong. c?l£(wsf),29-31.vii.2001(Y.Kishida) ;BaoLoc,1£(wsf-