A REVIEW OF CRATAEGUS SERIES ROTUNDIFOLIAE (ROSACEAE) IN WESTERN CANADA

2004·5.8 MB·English

by  J B Phipps

AREVIEWOECRATAEGUSSERIESROTUNDIFOLIAE
(ROSACEAE)INWESTERNCANADA
J.B.Phipps RJ.O'Kennon
Dept.ofBiology BotanicalResearchinstitutf-ofTexas
TheUniversityofWesternOntario 509PecanSt.
London,Ontario,N6A5B7,CANADA FortWorth,Texas,76102-4060,U.S.A.
[email protected] [email protected]
ABSTRACT
ThispaperdiscussesthecircumscriptionofCrataegusserRoiundijohaeandprovidesidentificatory
materials(lulldescriptions,hueillustrationsandspecimencitationswherenotpreviouslyavail-
able)forthetaxaoftheseriesoccurringinwesternCanada,definedforthepurposesofthispaperas
BritishColumbiaandAlberta,Thevariable,widespreadandcommonspeciesCchrysocarpaisre-
viewedforthisareaandalocal,ratherdistinctnewvariety,varvcrnonensis.isrecognized.Inaddi-
tion,onespeciesnewtoscience,C.sheila-phippsiaeisdescribed.
Ki-;yWords:Crataegus,Rosaceae,senRotundijoliae,westernCanada,C.sheilfl-phippsiciesp.nov,C
chrysocariiavarvcrnonensisvarnov
RESUMEN
SediscutelacircunscripciondeCralaeguss^x.Rotundijoliaeyseofrecenmaterialesdeidentilicacion
(descripcionescompletas,ilustracionesycitasdeespecimenesquenoestabandisponibles
previamentejparalostaxadelaseriequeseencuentraneneloestedeCanada,delinidoalosefectos
deestearticulocomoColumbiaBritanicayAlberta.Laespecievariable,muydifundidaycomunC.
chrysocarpaesrevisadaparaestaareaysereconoceunanuevavariedadlocalbastantedilerente,var
vernonensis.Adeinassedescribeunanuevaespecieparalaciencia,Csheila-phippsiae.
Sincethefirstauthor'sreview(Phipps1997)ofred-fruitedCrataegusmwestern
NorthAmericawasprepared,intensivecollecting,particularlyintheBritish
ColumbiaOkanagan,hasrevealedanumberofnewspecies,especiallymser
PurpureojructiJ.B.Phipps&O'Kennonandser.Douglasianae(RehderexC.K.
Schneider)Rehder.Here,wedealwithser.Rotundijoliae(Eggl.)Rehder(1940)
inwesternCanada,averywide-rangingseriesofhawthorns.Theyoccurfrom
thePacificNorthwestoftheUSAandsouthernBritishColumbiainabroad
bandthroughsouthernCanadaandthenorthernUnitedStatestoNewfound-
landandsouthernNewEnglandextendinglocallysouthward,intheRocky
MountainstoColoradoandintheAppalachianstonorthernNorthCarolina.
Theseriesisare-rankingofEgglestonssectionRotundijoliae(1908b)
whichinturnisarenamingofSargent's(1905)'naturalgroup'Coccineaewhich
Eggleston(1908b)consideredtobeimproperlytypified.IfonefollowsEggleston
(op.cit.)inwhichCrotundijoliaMoenchisdividedintotwovarieties,var.
rotundijoha(nowCdodgeiAshe)andvar.chrysocarpa(Ashe)Eggl,(nowC.
SIDA21(1):65-77.2004
66 BRIT.ORG/SI0A21(1)
chry:,ocarpaAshe),onemighttypifyseriesRoLundifoliaewithCdodgci,which
wouldseemplausibleasCdodgeipossessesaroundtobroadlyellipticleafand
Cchrysocarpanormallypossessesa±rhombicleaf.Unfortunately,Moench's
illustration(1785)showsahawthornwithanellipticleaf,pointedatbothends,
nothingliketheleaf-shapeofC.dodgeiandnotmuchlikethatofC.chrysocarpa
and,regrettably,completelyatvariancewiththetextoftheprotologue.The
poorquahtyofMoench'sprotologueforC.rotundiJoJiawasfurthercompounded
bythefactthathisnamewasinvalid,C.rotundifoliaLam.(1783)beinganear-
liernameforadifferentspecies.
In this paper, we avoid the problemsassociated with typifying C.
rotundifolia,byconsideringbothCchrysocarpaandCdodgei(notinthearea
olthispaper)tobemembersofseriesRotundiJoHae.Nevertheless,thereisa
seriousargumentforseparatingC.dodgeiand immediaterelativesfromC
chrysocarpaandimmediaterelativestocreatetwoseriesatwhichpointthetypi-
ficationproblemwouldneedtobeaddressed.InwesternCanada,allmembers
ofseriesRotundiJoHaefallintotheC.chrysocarpagroupandthereisconsider-
ablevariationwithinit,someonlyrecentlyrecognized.
InasmuchastheC.dodgeigroupdoesnotoccurmwesternCanadaandis
perhapsbesttreatedasadifferentseriesassuggestedabove,thefollowingchar-
acteristicsofserRotundiJoHaemaybeunderstoodasonlyapplyingtothewest-
ernformsoftheseries,i.e.thenon-dodgcigroupofspecies.SeriesRotundifoliae
in thisrestrictedsenseareamongthesmallerhawthorns,typicallymulti-
stemmedbushes2-4mtallandverythorny.Theleavesare±rhombicto±ovate
inshape,2-4lobedpersidewithLIl(leafincisionindex;IFIinlatm)5-20%,
ratherglandularonthemarginsandpetioleandtypicallyveryhairyadaxially
Anthesisisearlyinflorescences5-18flowered,withusuallypubescentbranches
bearingcaducous,hnear-oblong,gland-marginedbracteoles.Flowersaremid-
sized,13-18mmdiam.;hypanthiumusuallyhairy;calyx-lobesquitestrongly
glandularbutweaklyserrate;stamens10orrarely20;anthersivorytocream
orlesscommonlypmk;styles3-4.Fruit8-12mmdiam.,usuallytorbicular,
hairyornot;calyx-lobesspreadingelsebrokenoff;nutlets3-4,sidessmooth.
Atleastsuperficially,themostsimilarseriesinwesternCanadaare
Macracanthae(Loud.)Rehderwitheglandularpetiolesandlaterallyeroded
nutletsandPurpureojructi,whicharemuchlargerplants,havestout,shorter
thornsandplum-redtopurple-blackripefruitwithsidesofnutlets±eroded.
Eggleston(1909)placedhisC.wiUiamsiimserRotundiJoHaebutthisspecies
haslaterallyerodednutlets,generallyslightlylargerleavesandisnowplaced
insenPurpureofructi.
TheregionexplicitlycoveredbythispaperisBritishColumbiaandAlberta
althoughthedescriptivetextshouldalsocoverCchrysocarpainSaskatchewan
andManitoba.
PHIPPSANDO'KENNON,REVIEWOFCRATAEGUSSERIESROTUNDIFOLIAE 67
TAXONOMICTREATMENT
Werecognizeheretwospeciesofser.Rotundi/oiiae:C.chr3/socarpaandC.sheilt;-
phippsiae,theformerwiththreevarieties.Thelast-namedspeciesisnewtosci-
enceandbringstofivethenumberofCrataegusspeciesendemictotheremarl<-
ablehawthorn-richregionofthenorthernOkanagan.Thedetailedlocations
citedmaybefound,moreorlessprecisely,byreferencetooursketch-map(Fig.1).
KEYTOSPECIES
1. Stamens20,inflorescencesglabrous I.C.sheila-phippsiae,sp.nov,
1. Stamens10;inflorescencesnormaHy±hairy 2.C.chrysocarpa
1. Crataegus sheila-phippsiaeJ.B.Phipps&O'Kennon,sp.nov.(Fig. 2)Type:
CANADA:BritishColumbia.NorthernOkanagan,SpallumcheenMun.,McLeery
Rd,50°20'59"N,110°08'40"W,roadside,edgeofthicket,1314fta.s.l.,bush4.5m
tall,18palepinkanthers,16May2002,J.BPhipps8334(holotypE:UWO;isotypeS:
alta,can,DAO,TRT,UBC,UVIC,V).
Frutices,usiterarborescentes,3-3malti;spinae2.5-4cmlongae;±tenuesvelvalidae,rectaevelleviter
recurvatae,annotinaenitenteratrobrunneae,veterioresatrocinereae;ramuHextendentesglabri,
virides;annotinivaldenitento-brunnei,veterioresatrocinerei.Foliadecidua;petioli10-20mmlongi,
graciles,pubescences,glandulissecundumsulcumpaucisvelplunbus;laminae4-5cmlongae,+
rhombeaeiniormageneral!;apexacuminata,basiscuneata;3-4argutilobiperlatus,max.IFlca.
20%;marginescumparvissimisacutisdentibus;superficiesadaxialesscabro-pubescentes,abaxiales
pilosaesoloinvenisprincipalibusetinaxillis;venatiocraspedodroma,4-5nervataeperlatus.
Inflorescentiae8-184lorae;ramuliglabri,bracteoliscaducis,linearibus,membranaceis,glandulo-
marginatis.Flores14-19mmdiam.;hypanthiumglabrumextrinsecus;lobicalycistriangulares,
glandulo-marginatisedvixserrati;petalaalba,±circularia;stamina18-20.anthenspallideroseis
(raromoderateroseis-JacksonforPhipps8407);styU4-5,exorientesacaespiteparvopilorum.Fruc-
tus10-12mmdiam.,subglobosi,darecarmineo-scarlatmimAugustoexeunte,inmaturitatetortiter
rubro-purparei;lobicalycispatentes;pyrenae4-5,dorsalitersulcatae,lateribusplanis.
Shrub,usuallysomewhattree-like,3-5mtall;thorns2.5-4cmlong,moderately
slendertoalittlestout,straightorslightlyrecurved,darkshinyblackishbrown
at1yr,olderdeepgray;extendingtwigsglabrous,green,at1yrrichshinybrown,
oldergray.Leavesdeciduous;petioles10-20mmlong,slender,withfewtosev-
eralglandsalongthesulcus,pubescent;blades4-5cmlong,±rhombicingen-
eralshape,tipacuminate,basecuneate,3-4sharplobesperside;maxLIIca.
20%;marginswithverysmallsharpteeth;scabrous-pubescentadaxially,hairy
intheaxilsandpartsofthemainveinsabaxially;venationcraspedodromous,
ca.5veins/side.Inflorescences8-18flowered;branchesglabrousbearingearly
caducous,linear,membranous,gland-marginedbracteoles.Flowers14-19mm
diam.;hypanthiumexternallyglabrous;calyx-lobestriangular,gland-mar-
gined,barelyserrate;petalswhite,±circular;stamens18-20,normallypale
pinkbutoccasionallymedium-pink(JacksonforPhipps8407)orpuce(Phipps
&O'Kennon6917)\styles4-5,arisingfromasmalltuftofhairs.Fruit10-12rnm
diam.,subglobose,brilliantcrimson-scarletinlateAugustdeepeningtoadark
58 BRIT.ORG/SIDA21(1)
burgundyatfullripeness,sepalsspreading;nutlets4-5,dorsallygrooved,sides
plane.
Crataegussheila-phippsiaeisarelativelyscarcespeciesrestrictedtothe
northernOkanaganofBritishColumbiabutinsomelocalitiesrathercommon
as,lorinstance,justnorthoftheIndianCemeteryonhwy97Aabout2kmsouth
ofEnderbyItgrowsinrelativelyopenandapparentlyratherdrysitesandas
suchappearstobequitexeromorphiclikeothermembersofthesameseries.
Crataegussheila-phippsiaeisatypical rhombic-leaved memberofser
Rotundifoliae.ItiseasilydifferentiatedfromC.chrysocarpavanchrysocarpa,to
whichitismostsimilar,byits+glabrousnature,20stamens,usuallypalepink
anthersandgreatersingle-trunkdominance.Inthepastdifficultieshavearisen
differentiatingC.sheila-phippsiaefromC.shuswapensis(serDouglasianae)in
flowerinthoserarecaseswhereCshuswapensishas15-18stamensbutwebe-
lievethattheyarenowmosteasilyresolvedatthefloweringstagebythebetter
developmentofabaxialtuftsofhairmtheveinaxilsofCsheila-phippsiae
whereasCshuswapensisisusuallyglabrousthere.Wheninfruit,however,C
psehcutswtahaptentsheisatitsrqiubiutteiodnifoffer1e8nsttfarmoemnsC.toshCe.islhau-spwhaipppesnisaies.iTnhPehiapuptsho&rsOn'Koewnsnuosn-
(2002)mayrefertoaplantofCsheila-phippsiaewithdeeplycoloredanthers.
Ofcourse,thecriticaleyewillalsonoticedifferencesmleafcolorandslight
differencesmshape,togetherwithsubtlehabitdifferences,alldifficulttoput
intowords.AlsoanthercolorinC.shuswapensisismuchmorevariablethanin
C.sheila-phippsiae,rangingfrompinktopuce.
PersonswiththeresourcesmightinvestigatethepossibifitythatC.sheila-
phippsiaemaybeadiploid,sexualcounterpartofC.ehrysocarpa,liketheC.
suksdorfii/douglasiipairsoelegantlydemonstratedbyDickinsonetal.(1996).
Thespeciesepithetrecognizestheimportantcontributiontothestudyof
hawthornsbySheilaPhipps,wifeofthefirstauthor,whichincludethetyping
overtheyearsofhundredsofpagesofmanuscript,helpwithproofingofprinted
text,tendingtoyoungCrataegusseedhngsandassistingatthescenetheyear
thisspecieswasrecognizedmthefiefdwithcertaintyforthefirsttime.
Additionalspecimense.xainmed:CANADA:BritishColumbia.NorthernOkanagan..MabelLakeI^d.,
1Pta.hl0il,kpfpmrsuiE8t2ob7iu9rc&egnutnRr.dJe.y-oOfr'eKSdle,uni2ns0ownAaup(BgRR,I1T9b,9r4iU.dJWg.eBO.)aPt;hHicnapd.pes1r.b72y0m.1i5baEu&sohfR3JE..n5Odm'eKrtebalynln,oofnnruri(otUabWduOtr)og;uMnacdab.ye,1lm0Li7akSSeeo,pfbE2u0ns0dh1e,r3jb.mBy.
graveldrivewaytoNNEoffhwy97AatIndianCemeterybush2.5mtall,fruitdeepbloodred,20
MAauyg21099042,,j]..BB.,PP/hiiippppis8&33R.5J.(OB'RKIeTnUnWonOj7;00s3am{eBRIloTc,,UbWuOshj:2,5sammetalllo,c2.0bpuaslhep2.i5nkmatnatlhl,erpsm,k16aMnathyer2s0.021,6
J.B.Phipps,S'336(BRIT,UWO).Sameloc,bush4intall.20palepinkanthers,16May2002,j.B,Phipps
8338(BRIT,UWO);sameloc,bush2.5tall,20palepinkanthers,16May2002,/,lj,Phipps8339(BRIT
UWO);sameloc.bush3mtall,20palepmkanthers,16May2002,J.B.Phipps8340(BRITUWO);
sameloc,bush3mtall,20palepinkanthers,16May2002,J.RFliipp.s8342(BRIT,UWO).Sameloc,
bush3mtall,anthers18,lightpmk,22May2002,R.JacksonJorJ.B.Phipp.s8380(BRITUWO);same
PHIPPSANDO'KENNON,REVIEWOFCRATAEGUSSERIESROTUNDIFOLIAE 69
Fig.1.Sketch-mapoftheNorthernOkanagansouthwesternShuswapdrainagearea.
loc,bush2mtall,20lightpmkanthers,22May2002.R.JacksonJorJ.B.Phipps8381(BRIT,UWO);
sameloc,bush3mtall,20lightpinkanthers,22May2002,R.JacksonJorJ.B.PhippsS383(BRIT,
UWOj:sameloc,largebush,20lightpmkanthers.22May2002,R.JacksonJorJ.B.Phipps8384(BRIT
UWO);sameloc,fruitdeepred,25Aug2002,R.jack.wnforJ.B.Phipps84,58(BRITUWO);sameloc,
fruitverydarkredtodeeppurple,22Sep2002,R.JacksonJorJ.B.Plnpps8475(BRIT,UWO);
70 BRIT.ORG/SIDA21(1)
SpallumcheenMun.,SchubertRd.,bush2mtall,iruitreddishplum,19Aug1W5.J./iPhipps7168
(BRIT.UWO);sameloc,bush,3,5mtall,palepuikanthers,18May2002,J.B.Phippi8362(BRIT,UWO):
SpallumcheenMun.,McLeeryRd.,bush.3mtall,Iruiicrmison-scarlet,23Aug2000,J.ilPhippiwith
S.R.Phipps8174(BRIT,UWO);sameloc,largebush,anthers20,lightpink,20May2002,R.jachson
JorJ.B.Phipps8376(BRIT,UWO);SpallumcheenMun.,StepneyCrossRd.,bush4.5mtall,fruitred-
dish-burgundy,06Sep2001,J.B.PhippswithRj.(JKcnnon8270(BRITUWO);SpallumcheenMun.,
OtterLakeRd.,justNofOtterl.akeCro.ssRd.,Iruitverydark,22Sep2002,R.jacksonJorJ.B.Phipps
8476(BRITUWO);sameloc,25Aug2002.R.jacksonJorJ.B.Phipps8461(BRIT,UWO);Spallumcheen
Mun.,OtterLakeCrossRd.betweenHalesRd.andCrozierRd.,bush2.5mtall,fruitburgundyor
darker,20stamens,06Sep2001,/.B.Phipps&R.j.O'Kcnnon8269(BRITUWO);sameloc,bush,3.5m
tall,palepmkanthers,18May2002.J.ilPhipp.s8362(BRITUWO);.sameloc,bush1.5mtall,10May
2002,J,B.Phipps8iUa(BRITUWO);satneloc.bush,2mtall.20stamens,palepmkanthers,18May
2002,J.B.Phipps8361(BRITUWO);sameloc,fruitdeepred.25Aug2002,R.jacksonJorJ.B.Phipps
8462(BRIT,UWO);someadditionalduplicateswillbedistributedlater
2. Crataegus chrysocarpaAshe,1900(FlREBERRY HAWTHORN).Crataegus
rotundijoliaMoench,1785,sens,auctt.,nonLam.,1783.Crataeguscolumhiana
fiowell,1898,sens,auctt.Amer.CrataeguspiperiBntton,1901.Crataegus
chrysocarpavar.piperi(Bntton)Kruschke(1965).Crataeguscolumhianavar.
chrysocarpa(Ashe)Dorn,1988.Crataegusrotundijoliavar.chrysocarpa(Ashe)
Eggl.,1908a.Crataeguscolumhianavar.piperi(Britt.)Eggl.,1908a.Typh:U.S.A.:
COLORADO.LarimerCo.:foothillsofCachelePoudreMountains,6000ft,20Aug
1899,WW.Ashe.s.n.(NY!).
Bushes2-3.5mtall,sometimescolonial;extendingtwigsusuallyappressed-
pubescent;1-yearoldbranchesusuallydullyellowish-greenishbrownorgray-
browntolighttanintheeast,richtanbutsometimes(asinMNandQU)shiny
deepreddish-brown;thornsvariable,3-6cmlong,±slenderto±stout,straight
toslightlyrecurved,shiny,darkmahoganyorblackishat1yr.Leavesdecidu-
ous;petioles1-2.5cmlong,±pubescent,usuallynarrowlywingeddistally,±
glandularatleastinitially;lammas2-6cmlong,±rhombictobroad-elliptic,
veryoccasionallybroad-ovateingeneralshape,2-4Lobed,thelobessharpto
blunt,Lll5-20%;marginswithnumeroussmallteeth,theseceiducousgland-
tipped;venationcraspedodromous,about5-6(-7)mainlateralveinsperside;
usuallyappressed-shortpubescentaboveandpubescentmainlyontheveins
beneath,variablyglabratelater;autumncoloryellow,orpurplishinverydry
spots.Inflorescence5-10flowered;branchesdenselytosparselyvillous,bear-
ingcaducous,linear,membranous,gland-marginedbracteoles;anthesisearly.
Flowersca.15-20mmdiam.;hypanthiumvillous;calyx-lobesca,4mmlong,
triangular,marginsglandular-serrate,pubescentabaxially;petals±circular,
v/hite;stamens10(-20),anthersonlyci-eamorivoryintheareacoveredbythis
paper,styles3-4(-5).Fruit8-10mmdiam.,usually±spherical,usuallyscarlet
todeepredordarkenedtoburgundyifdriedandshriveled,±pubescent,calyx
remnantspresent.Nutlets3-4(-5),grooveddorsally,theirfacesplane.
Crataeguschrysocarpaisthesecondmostwide-rangingofNorthAmeri-
canCrataegusspeciesreachingfromthelandwardsideofthecoastalrangesin
PHIPPSANDO'KENNON,REVIEWOfCRATAEGUSSERIESROTUNDIFOLIAE 71
Fig.2.LinedrawingofC.sheila-phippsiaeiromJ.B.Phipps8332(UWO)andJ.B.Phipps&R.O'Kennon68W(UWO),flower-
ingandflowerdetails;/?.hcksonforLB.Phipps8461(UWO),fruitingandfruitdetail.Scalebars=1cm.S.Laurie-
Bourquedel.
72 BRIT.0R6/SIDA21(1)
BritishColumbia,WashingtonandOregontotheAtlantic.Itssouthernhmitis
Colorado,furthernorththantheNewMexicoandArizonasouthernlimitforC.
macraainthawhichotherwisehasabroadlysimilarbutrathermoresouth-
erfyrange.Cratac^j^uschrysocarpaisabundantinthegrasslandsoftheCana-
dianPrairieProvinceswhereitnearfyalwaysoccursinsunnyareasinthebot-
tomsofdraws,seepagezoneedgesonslopesoralongshallowditches.Itmay
alsobefoundoccasionallyunderaspen,generallyattheedgeofastandorwhere
thestandisthinandisfoundinsimilarhabitatsinvalleysoftheinter-moun-
tainareas.Crataeguschrysocarpaisthemostnortfiedyandcold-adaptedspe-
ciesofCrataegusinNorthAmericanearlyreachingHudsonBayinOntario.
Crataeguschrysocarpa isamulti-stemmedbush,smalllorahawthorn,
usually2-4mhighand,notsurprisinglyforsoabundantaspecies,somewhat
variable,althoughthroughmostofitswesternrangeratheruniform.However
afairlywef1-markedregionalvariant,varpipcri,whichismorethoroughlydis-
cussedinPhipps(1997)andwhichmightbeworthraisingtosubspecificrank,
occurswestoftheRocf<yMountains.
CrataeguspiperihasalsobeensynonymizedwithC.columbianaHowell
butthefirstauthorshowedthatC.coJumhianawasbasedontwospeciesand
fectotypifieditontheCdouglasiielement(Phipps,f995).Thecharacteristic
ripefruitcoforofCrataeguschrysocarpavar.chrysocarpainwesternCanadais
brightred,inspiteofthespeciesepithet.1iowever,aboutthethirdweekolAu-
gustitISafairlybrightorange,whichripensthroughorange-redtothelinal
color.The fruitofasmallpercentageofspecimensofCchrysocarpavar.
chrysocarpaobservedintheCypressHills,SaskatchewaninlateAugust2001,
however,werestillgolden-orangewhenmostaroundwerebrightred.Also,in
thesameareaandtime,alanateformofthetypevarietywasfoundtohave
greenish-yellowfruitwhencongenerswerebrightredbutitsfuffyripecolor
seemstooccurlaterandisdeepred.AlewspecimensIromSaskatchewan,oth-
erwiseindistinguishablefromthetypicalvarietyhave20stamens.SeePhipps
(f997)lorcitationofspecimens,lineillustrationanddistributionmap.
WealsotaketheopportunityheretodescribeasavarietynewvarietyotC.
chrysocarpa,theOkanaganendemictaxon,var.vernoncnsis.
ThenameCrtJtacgiLSrotundifoUaMoenchhasquitefrequentlybeenused
forCchrysocarpaAshe,forinstancebyPacker(198.3),thoughstartingwith
Eagbogvlee,stEogngl(e1s9t0o8na')sassennsoeteofdCinrtohteudnidsicfuosUsaiovnarofrotihuendseirfioelsi.a1wIoawsevoebrv,iaosusnloyteCd
dodgeradilterentspecies.
KHYTOV.ARlETltSOFC.CHliYSOCARPAINWESTERNCANADA
1.A2.ntLheearfs-bilvaodreystgoencerreaalml;yrsimpaellfreurit(2u-su4acllmylboringgi)ttusrueadl.lysliarplybutlessdeeplylofted
(Lll5-15%);leaves±glabrousabaxially 2a.var.chrysocarpa
PHIPPSANDO'KENNON,REVIEWOFCRATAEGUSSERIESROTUNDIFOLIAE 73
^
2 Leaf-biadeslarger(4-6cmlong),sharplyandquitedeeplylobed(Lll=s20%),
denselypubescentabaxially 2b.var,piperi
1. Antherspalepink;ripefruitusuallydeepclaret-colored 2c.var.vernonensis,var,nov.
2a.Crataeguschrysocarpavarchrysocarpa.TYPE,asspecies
Characteristicsaskey.Varietychrysocarpaoccurspracticallythroughoutthe
rangeofthespeciesandinwesternCanadamthevalleysofsouthernmter-
mountamBritishColumbiaandthegrasslandbiomesofAlberta,Saskatchewan
andManitobawhereitisnearlytheonlyhawthorn.Theindumentumofthe
inflorescenceisgenerallymoderatelypubescentbutrare,denselylanateor±
glabrousformsalsooccur.A broad-leavedformoriginallydescribedasC
sheridanaA.Nels.fromColoradomightbevarietallydistinctandshouldbe
lookedoutforintheareaofthispaperItsnearestprovenoccurrenceisinNorth
Dakota.OverallthevariationofthetypicalvarietyinwesternCanadaiscon-
siderableandwarrantsfurtherstudy.
2b.Crataeguschrysocarpavarpiperi(Britton)Kruschke,1965.Typf:U.S.A.:WASH-
INGTON:Pullman,Sep1897,C.V.Piper1535(NYO
Characteristicsaskey.WidespreadinthemtermountainzonefromOregonto
BritishColumbiaandextendingeastwardstoMontana,varpiperiistheonly
varietyatthewesternedgeofthespecies'range.InwesternMontanainterme-
diateformsoccurwhileintheOkanaganwhenvarietiespiperiandcTirysocarpa
occurtogethertheymaintaintheirdistinctness.Theindumentumoftheinflo-
rescenceis±lanate.
2c.CrataeguschrysocarpavarvernonensisJ.B.Phipps&O'Kennon,varnov(Fig.
3W)esTtVsPiHd:eCRdA.,N2ADmiA:SWBrjiett.isHhwyCo9l7u,mnbaitau:raOlkhaendgaegsa,nbuVsahlle3ym,Otaklla,nhaagbiatnvIe.rRy.enroe.ct1,,
fruitplumcolored,fleshsucculent-mushy,golden,26Aug2000,j.B.Pl^ipps&S.R.
P/iipp,scSi78(HOLOTYPH:UWO;isotypeS:BRITCAN,TRTV).
Frutices,saepemulticaules;ramificationcpaucaprorationc,plerumque2-3maltar;spinae3-4.3
cmlongae.nitcnterbrunnesceniessccundoannoexeunte,cinerascentesinmatinuuue;ramuli
eatxrtoecnidneernetie.sFconlsipao-dpeiciiodsuia;etpreutbiioUin1j0u-v2cn0tumtem,glloanbgrie,scpenntmesu;man±nodteinnsie-1pnuibteesntceernthersui,nimci,ma\-tcutenrtiaortees
pubescentes.aliquotglandulissecundumsulcum;laminae3-6cmlongae,ovataevelovato-rhombeae
mformageneraH;ape.xobtusavelsubacuta;basiscuneata;lobilaterales3-4/la(:us,acuti\'el±obtusi
apicevixcuspidata,maxIFIus.ca.15%;marginesdentibusminutissimissubacutispraeterbasales;
venatiocraspedodroma,3-4principalibusnervislateralibusperlatus;superficiesadaxialesappresso-
scabro-pubescentes,persistentes;superficiesabaxialesfereglabraesedpilosaesecundumvenas;±
coriaceaeinmaiuritatcetsaepeleviterconvectae,olivaceae;colorautumnalisflavuspurpurasaepe
superposua.Inilorescentiae5-14-florae;ramilanati,lerentescaducas,anguste-oblongas.
membrat-iaceas,glanduli-margmatas,aliquantumbrunneo-rubrasbracteolas.Floresf8-20mmdiam.;
hypanthiumextrinsecuslanatuminfra,glabrumsupra;lobicalycistriangulares,minuteglandulo-
serrati;stamina8-10,antherisplerumquepallideroseis;styli4-5,exorientesabrevissimocaespite
pilorumFructusI0~I2mmdiatn,,subglobosi,+pilosi.rubro-purpureivelfereatnultramaturitatem;
caroaurea;lobicalycissemi-persistentes,erecto-patentes;pyrenae4-3,sulcataedorsaliter;lateribus
plants.
74 BRIT.ORG/SIDA21(1)
Shrubs,oftenmultistemmedwithrelativelyhttlebranching,us.2-3mtall;
thorns3-4.5cmlong,shinybrownishblackat2yrs,grayingwithage,some-
whatstout,straighttoshghtlyrecurved;extendingtwigscrispedhairyyoung,
greentingedreddishyoung,glabrescent;atoneyear±shmybrown;olderdull
grayLeavesdeciduous;petioles10-20mmlong,±dense-pubescentatfirst,
largelypersisting,withseveralglandsalongthemarginsofthesulcus;blades
3-6cmlong,ovatetoovate-rhombicingeneralshape,tipobtuseto±acute,base
cuneate;laterallobes3-4/side,acute(morelikelyinsmallerorvegetativeleaves)
tosomewhatroundedwithabarelycuspidatetip,max.LIIus.ca.15%;margins
withverysmallsubacuteteethexceptneartheentirebase;venationcraspedo-
dromouswith3-4principallateralveins/side;adaxiallyappressedscabrous-
pubescent,persisting;abaxiallypiloseontheveins,surfacesglabrous;rather
coriaceousatmaturityandoftenshghtlyconvex,dullohvegreen;autumnal
cokiryellowoftenoverlayedwithdull purple.Inllorescences5-14-flowered;
brancheslanate,bearingcaducous,narrow-oblong,membranous,somewhat
brownish-red,gland-borderedbracteoles.Flowers18-20mmdiam.;hypan-
thiumexternallylanatebelow,glabrousabove;calyx-lobestriangular,minutely
glandular-serrate;stamens8-10,anthersgenerallypalepink;styles4-5,arising
fromaveryshorttuftofhairs.Fruit10-12mmdiam.;subglobose,±hairybur-
gundyorlaketonearlyblackwhenover-ripe;fleshgolden;calyxdobessemi-
persistent,erecto-patent;nutlets4-5,dorsallygrooved,laterallysmooth.
Crataeguschrysocarpavar.vernonensisislocallycommoninthenorthern
OkanaganvalleybetweentheVernonareaandSalmonArm.Itoccursinthe
morexenchabitatsinwhichhawthornsoftheregionarefound,forinstance,
sometimestoleratingsandysoil.Forthisreasonanditsearlyripeningthe1ruits
areapttoshrivelduringSeptemberwhenthefruitsofotherhawthornsinthe
areaarenormallystillplump.Perhapsforthisreasonitisunder-collected.The
particularlyxeromorphicnatureofvar.vernonensisissuchthatitisseldom
foundgrowingamongthelarger,moremesomorphichawthornssuchasmem-
bersofser.PurpureofructiorCokennomi.ItisamongtheeadiesttoIlowerof
thehawthornsofthearea,typicalforallser.Rotundijoliae.
Crataeguschrysocarpavanvernonensisisknownfromabout17collection
numbersandindiagnosticcharacteristicsitisremarkablyuniform.Themulti-
stemmed,relativelylittle-branching,erecthabitisconspicuousinwell-devel-
opedplants,asarethelanateinflorescences,palepmkanthersandfruitalready
ripeandburgundy-coloredmlateAugust.Thesecharactershelptodistinguish
thenewspeciesfromothermembersofserRotundifoliaewhilethetendency
tobluntlobesintheleafhelpstodistinguishitinmidsummerfromrarelanate
formsofsympatricvar.chrysocarpa.
Additionalspecimensexamined.CANADA:BritishColumbia:OkanaganValley,OkanaganIndian
Reserveno.1.HawholaRd.,erectbush,8ft.tall,11May2002,/.RPhipps&RJ.OKcnnonR31.HUWO).
OkanaganIndianReserveno.I,WesfsideRd,Nend,bush4It,tall,fruitpurple,18AugKX)4,j.li