Description:This first volume has contributions from the United States (4), the USSR (2), Europe (2), and Japan (1). They include studies of a fundamental biological problem aided by some space experiments, investigations of biological problems encountered in spaceflight, use of microgravity for a biotechnological purpose, and technical facilities developed for animal and cell research in space. Topics include: the effects of long-term space missions on the human body (Grigoriev, USSR); skeletal responses to microgravity (Morey-Holton an Arnaud, United States); gravity effects on animal reproduction, developments, and ageing (Miquel and Souza, Spain/United States); neurovestibular physiology in fish (Watanabe, Takabayashi, Tanaka, and Yanagihara, Japan); gravity perception and circulation in plants (Brown, United States); development of higher plants under altered gravitational conditions (Merkys and Laurniavcius, Lithunaia, USSR); gravity effects on single cells (Cogoli and Gmunder, Switzerland); protein crystal growth in space (Bonting, Kishiyama, and Arno, United States).