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\ THE O UBRAR*ES ^ HEALTH SCIENCES tlBRART r THE JOHN JONES SURGICAL SOCIETY EDITORS Frederic P. Herter, M.D. & Alfred Jaretzki III, M.D. ASSOCIATE EDITOR Kenneth A. Forde, M.D. CONTRIBUTORS Alfred M. Markowitz, M.D. Kenneth M. Steinglass, M.D. Philip D. Wiedel, M.D. ©2003bytheDepartmentofSurgery, CollegeofPhysiciansandSurgeonsofColumbiaUniversity Permissionsweregivenbythefollowingorganizations: MuseumoftheCityofNewYork,TheByronCollectionfor "Dr.McBurneyOperatingatRooseveltHospital." TheAlanMasonChesneyMedicalArchives, TheJohnHopkinsMedicalInstitutionsfor: "Dr.WilliamStewartHalsted, 1889." "WilliamStewartHalstedwithInternStaffatBellevueHospital, 1877." Springer-VerlagGmbH&Co.KG, TiergartenstraBe17D-69121Heidelberg,Germanyfor "Dr.Whipple'sfirst(1940)one-stagepancreaticoduodenectomy foranisletcellcarcinomaoftheheadofthepancreas." DepartmentofSurgeryHowardUniversityHospital- CollegeofMedicinefor:"Dr.CharlesR.Drew." JohnN.Schullinger,DepartmentofSurgery,NewYork-PresbyterianHospitalfor: "Lt.ColonelRudolphN.SchullingeratLison, WorldWarII." ISBN:0-9727305-0-8 W e owe deep gratitude to Trisha Jewellen Hargaden, Assistant to Dr. Kenneth A. Forde, for having undertaken many scheduling and housekeeping chores for the John Jones Society, but particularly for her tireless work in collecting and cataloguing the photographs to be used in the book. It has been a confusing and difficult task, and she has done it well. Thanks go to Deborah Schwarz-McGregor, Director of External Affairs, Department of Surgery; Stephen E. Novak and Henry Blanco, Archives and Special Collections, Columbia University Health Sciences Library; Constance H. Halpern and Charles E. Manley, Columbia University, Center for Biomedical Communications; Joan Penn and Kathleen Thompson, Presbyterian Hospital, Public Affairs Office; and Katherine Couchells, The Association of the Alumni College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, for having searched for and provided appropriate photographic material, and the numerous alumni who contributed personal photographs. Robin Dellabough, of Lark Productions, has been the soul of patience in awaiting text to edit, and in editing with skill and sensitivity the written material. She has managed to delete much of what has been submitted without incurring the wrath of the medical editors or lessening the impact or readability of the history, and we embrace her for her enthusiasm and encouragement. We are grateful for the attentions of Marlitt Dellabough, who has made recommendations with regard to style in the format of the book, and thanks are also due the Steering Committee of the John Jones Surgical Society, including Drs. John N. Schullinger, Philip D. Wiedel, the late Alfred M. Markowitz, the late Carl R. Feind, Beth Ann Ditkoff, Kenneth M. Steinglass, David W. Kinne, and Eric A. Rose, for their contributions to the content of the history. > CHAPTER O N E LISTOFILLUSTRATIONS vii INTRODUCTION 1 FredericR Herter CHAPTERONE 7 The Father of American Surgery: John Jones (1729-1791) CHAPTERTWO 21 The Century of Discovery CHAPTERTHREE 43 The Forging of an Academic Department: Allen O. Whipple (1921-1946) CHAPTERFOUR 57 The Birth of Cardiothoracic Surgery at Columbia: George H. Humphreys 11 (1946-1969) CHAPTERFIVE 81 The Interim Years: Frederic P. Herter (1969-1971) AlfredJaretzki111 CHAPTERSIX 89 The Transplantation Era: Keith Reemtsma (1971-1994) CHAPTERSEVEN 105 The Information Age: Eric A. Rose (1994- ) CHAPTEREIGHT 117 Concerns for the Future - An Editorial FredericP. HerterandAlfredJaretzki111 EPILOGUE 121 Kenneth A. Forde APPENDIX 123 BIBLIOGRAPHY 130 "Surgery isan artwhich teacheth thewayby reason, howby theoperation ofthe handwemaycure, preventandmitigate diseases, which accidentallyhappen upon us. Ambroise Pare c.1510-1590