A Project-Based Approach to Translation Technology

201 Pages·2020·22.805 MB·English

by  Rosemary Mitchell-Schuitevoerder

A PROJECT- BASED APPROACH TO

TRANSLATION TECHNOLOGY
A Project-B ased Approach to Translation Technology provides students of translation
and trainee translators with a real-t ime translation experience, with its translation
platforms, management systems, and teamwork.
This book is divided into seven chapters reflecting the building blocks of a
project- based approach to translation technology. The first chapter identifies the
core elements of translation environment tools and collaborative work methods,
while Chapters 2 and 4 review the concept of translation memory and terminology
databases and their purposes. Chapter 3 covers machine translation embedded
in the technology, and the other chapters discuss human and technological
quality assurance, digital ethics and risk management, and web- based translation
management systems. Each chapter follows a common format and ends with
project- based assignments. These assignments draw and build on real- time contexts,
covering the consecutive steps in the workflow of large and multilingual translation
projects.
Reviewing the many translation technology tools available to assist the
translator and other language service providers, this is an indispensable book for
advanced students and instructors of translation studies, professional translators,
and technology tool providers.
Rosemary Mitchell- Schuitevoerder holds a PhD in Translation Studies from
Durham University, UK, and has taught Translation Technology on the MA
programmes at Durham University, UK, and Newcastle University, UK. She is a
freelance translator of Dutch, Swedish, Norwegian, and Danish into English, and
English into Dutch.
TRANSLATION PRACTICES EXPLAINED

Series Editor: Kelly Washbourne

Translation Practices Explained is a series of coursebooks designed to help self-
learners and students on translation and interpreting courses. Each volume
focuses on a specific aspect of professional translation and interpreting practice,
usually corresponding to courses available in translator- and interpreter- training
institutions. The authors are practising translators, interpreters, and/ or translator or
interpreter trainers. Although specialists, they explain their professional insights in a
manner accessible to the wider learning public.
Each volume includes activities and exercises designed to help learners consoli-
date their knowledge, while updated reading lists and website addresses will also
help individual learners gain further insight into the realities of professional practice.
Most recent titles in the series:
Note- taking for Consecutive Interpreting 2e
A Short Course
Andrew Gillies
Consecutive Interpreting
A Short Course
Andrew Gillies
Healthcare Interpreting Explained
Claudia V. Angelelli
Revising and Editing for Translators 4e
Brian Mossop
A Project- Based Approach to Translation Technology
Rosemary Mitchell- Schuitevoerder
For more information on any of these and other titles, or to order, please go to
www.routledge.com/ Translation- Practices- Explained/ book- series/ TPE
Additional resources for Translation and Interpreting Studies are available on the
Routledge Translation Studies Portal: http://routledgetranslationstudiesportal.com/
A PROJECT- BASED

APPROACH TO
TRANSLATION
TECHNOLOGY
Rosemary Mitchell- Schuitevoerder
First published 2020
by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
and by Routledge
52 Vanderbilt Avenue, New York, NY 10017
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
© 2020 Rosemary Mitchell- Schuitevoerder
The right of Rosemary Mitchell- Schuitevoerder to be identified as author of this work
has been asserted by her in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright,
Designs and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised
in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or
hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information
storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.
Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks,
and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.
British Library Cataloguing- in- Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication Data
Names: Mitchell-Schuitevoerder, Rosemary, author.
Title: A project-based approach to translation technology /
Rosemary Mitchell-Schuitevoerder.
Description: London ; New York : Routledge, 2020. |
Series: Translation practices explained |
Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2020003466 | ISBN 9780367138820 (hardback) |
ISBN 9780367138844 (paperback) | ISBN 9780367138851 (ebook)
Subjects: LCSH: Translating and interpreting–Technological innovations. |
Translating and interpreting–Data processing.
Classification: LCC P306.97.T73 M58 2020 | DDC 418/.020285–dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020003466
ISBN: 978-0 -3 67-1 3882- 0 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-0 -3 67-1 3884- 4 (pbk)
ISBN: 978-0 -3 67-1 3885- 1 (ebk)
Typeset in Bembo
by Newgen Publishing UK
For John, Thomas, Benjamin, Simeon

CONTENTS

List of figures xii

List of tables xiv

Preface xv

Acknowledgements xvi

List of abbreviations xvii

Glossary xix

Introduction for instructors xxiv

Introduction for students and translators xxxi

1 Computer- aided translation tools and translation project
management 1

Key concepts 1
Introduction 1
1.1 Translation environment tools (TEnT) 2
1.2 Compatibility 2
1.3 Translation memory 4
Food for thought… 6
1.4 File management 6
1.4.1 Filenames 7
1.5 From Microsoft to CAT tools 10
1.5.1 The ribbon 10
1.5.2 Keyboard shortcuts 11
1.6 The CAT tool 12
1.6.1 CAT tool features 12
1.6.2 Standalone and web-b ased CAT tools 13
1.6.3 CAT tools and cognitive ergonomics 14
viii Contents
Food for thought… 15
1.7 Translation project management 15
1.7.1 Volume and demands 15
1.7.2 Translation workflow 16
1.7.3 The translator in the workflow 17
1.7.4 Project management by the language service provider 18
1.7.5 Project- based assignments and project management 19
1.7.6 Human resources database 20
1.8 Cognitive friction 21
Project- based assignment 22
Concluding remarks 23
Further reading 24
2 The translation memory database 25

Key concepts 25
Introduction 25
2.1 Creating a translation memory database 26
Food for thought… 28
2.1.1 Segmentation 28
2.1.2 The concordance and consistency 30
2.1.3 The analysis feature and fees 33
Food for thought… 36
2.2 Metadata and subsegment matching 36
2.3 Boosting the translation memory 38
2.3.1 Alignment 39
2.3.2 Translation memory and reference files 39
2.3.3 TMX files 40
2.4 Formats 41
2.5 Other functions and features on the ribbon 44
2.5.1 Filters 45
2.5.2 Regex 46
Project- based assignment 48
Concluding remarks 49
Further reading 50
3 Integration of machine translation in translation
memory systems 51

Key concepts 51
Introduction 51
3.1 Artificial intelligence and machine translation 52
3.2 From statistical to neural machine translation in the CAT tool 53
Contents ix
3.3 Matches from the translation memory and machine translation
compared 54
3.4 Machine translation – access and integration 56
Food for thought… 57
3.5 Translation memories train machine translation
engines 57
3.6 Adaptive MT engines 58
Food for thought… 59
3.7 MT quality in the CAT tool 59
3.7.1 Quality management 60
Food for thought… 62
3.7.2 How to evaluate machine translation 62
3.7.3 Evaluation models and metrics 63
Project- based assignment 66
Concluding remarks 67
Further reading 68
4 The terminology database 69

Key concepts 69
Introduction 69
4.1 Terms and terminology 71
4.1.1 Glossary 71
Food for thought… 72
4.1.2 Term extraction 72
4.1.3 Metadata 74
Food for thought… 76
4.1.4 Standardisation and quality assurance 77
4.2 Web searches 77
4.2.1 Search techniques 78
4.3 Corpora 79
4.3.1 Digital dictionaries 79
4.3.2 Multilingual data corpora 80
4.3.3 The creation of corpora 82
Food for thought… 83
4.4 CAT concordance 84
4.4.1 External concordances 85
4.5 Morphology and the terminology database 86
4.6 Termbanks 86
Project- based assignment 88
Concluding remarks 90
Further reading 90