Downloaded from the Humanities Digital Library http://www.humanities-digital-library.org Open Access books made available by the School of Advanced Study, University of London ***** Publication details: A Nicaraguan Exceptionalism? Debating the Legacy of the Sandinista Revolution Edited by Hilary Francis http://humanities-digital-library.org/index.php/hdl/catalog/book/a-nicaraguan- exceptionalism DOI: 10.14296/220.9781908857774 ***** This edition published 2020 by UNIVERSITY OF LONDON SCHOOL OF ADVANCED STUDY INSTITUTE OF LATIN AMERICAN STUDIES Senate House, Malet Street, London WC1E 7HU, United Kingdom ISBN 978-1-908857-77-4 (PDF edition) This work is published under a Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. More information regarding CC licenses is available at https://creativecommons.org/licenses INSTITUTE OF LATIN AMERICAN STUDIES A Nicaraguan Exceptionalism? Debating the Legacy of the Sandinista Revolution edited by Hilary Francis INSTITUTE OF LATIN AMERICAN STUDIES A Nicaraguan Exceptionalism? Debating the Legacy of the Sandinista Revolution edited by Hilary Francis Institute of Latin American Studies, School of Advanced Study, University of London, 2020 British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library This book is published under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial- NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) license. More information regarding CC licenses is available at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/. This book is also available online at http://humanities-digital-library.org. ISBN: 978-1-908857-57-6 (paperback edition) 978-1-908857-78-1 (.epub edition) 978-1-908857-79-8 (.mobi edition) 978-1-908857-77-4 (PDF edition) DOI: 10.14296/220.9781908857774 (PDF edition) Institute of Latin American Studies School of Advanced Study University of London Senate House London WC1E 7HU Telephone: 020 7862 8844 Email: [email protected] Web: http://ilas.sas.ac.uk Typesetting by Thomas Bohm, User Design, Illustration and Typesetting. Cover image © Franklin Villavicencio. Contents List of illustrations v Notes on contributors vii Introduction: exceptionalism and agency in Nicaragua’s revolutionary heritage 1 Hilary Francis 1. ‘We didn’t want to be like Somoza’s Guardia’: policing, crime and Nicaraguan exceptionalism 21 Robert Sierakowski 2. ‘The revolution was so many things’ 45 Fernanda Soto 3. Nicaraguan food policy: between self-sufficiency and dependency 61 Christiane Berth 4. On Sandinista ideas of past connections to the Soviet Union and Nicaraguan exceptionalism 87 Johannes Wilm 5. Agrarian reform in Nicaragua in the 1980s: lights and shadows of its legacy 103 José Luis Rocha 6. The difference the revolution made: decision-making in Liberal and Sandinista communities 127 Hilary Francis 7. Grassroots verticalism? A Comunidad Eclesial de Base in rural Nicaragua 145 David Cooper 8. Nicaraguan legacies: advances and setbacks in feminist and LGBTQ activism 165 Florence E. Babb 9. Conclusion: exceptionalism and Nicaragua’s many revolutions 179 Justin Wolfe Index 185 iii List of illustrations Figure 1.1 ‘Courtesy and respect for the law are inseparable’. ‘A man who does not respect a woman is a coward. A man who does not respect a young female police officer (una muchacha policía) and does not follow her instructions is twice as cowardly and also an enemy of the law.’ (Tomás Borge). 29 3.1 Basic grain production, 1977–90 (in t). 67 5.1 Evolution in the size of farms by range (in percentages of land used for agriculture). 120 v