A New Subspecies of Pterostichus todai MORITA et KANIE (Coleoptera, Carabidae) from Mt. Kisokoma-ga-take, Central Japan

9 Pages·2002·8.6 MB·English

by  Sugimura, A

Eh,t1a, 「ok、・o,30(1):91-99,June30,2002
ANewSubspeciesofPterostlchustoda1MORITAetKANIE
(Coleoptera,Carabidae) from
Mt.Kisokoma-ga-take,CentralJapan
AkemichiSUGIMURA
282-19,Kitanakano,Shinkawa-cho,Nishikasugai-gun,Aichi,452-0914Japan
Abstract Anewsubspeciesofthepterostichinecarabidbeetle,Ptel'ostlchllstodal
MORITAetKANIE, l997isdescribedfromMt.Kisokoma-ga-take.CentralJapan,underthe
nameofPte1・ostlchustoda1toyos/1ima1SUGIMURA.subsp nov. Itisdistinguishablefromthe
nominotypica1subspeciesbythepeculiarityoftheforebodyandaedeaga1configuration.
Up to thepresent, twopopulationsofmacrocephalicpterostichineshavebeen
known fromtheKisoMountains,CentralJapan. 0neisPte1o'stlchustodai MORITAet
KANIE,1997 fromtheMisaka-toge,apassnear Mt.Ena-sanwhichisthesouthern-
mosthighpeakonthismountainrange,just lyingonthebordersbetweenthesouth-
easternpartofGifuPrefectureandthesouthwesternpartofNaganoPrefecture.So far
asIknow,thisspeciesinhabitsrestrictedlynearthetopoftheMisaka-toge,ca.1,500-
1,600m in altitude. It is characterizedby havinga comparatively large-sizedbody,
nearlysquarepronotum,andtheaedeaguselongateandstronglybent ataboutbasal
1/3,withasmallandweaklysclerotizedplate-likeconvexityatthepreapexofapical
orifice.TheotherisdistributedonMt.Kisokoma-ga-take,thehighestpeakatthenorth-
ernpartofthesamemountains,lyingonlyabout40kmdistanttothenorth-northwest
fromMt.Ena-san.0nlyonespecimen fromthelatterpopulation,afemaleidentified
withPter,ostichusmac1-ogeny.s,andillustratedbySAKAGUTI (1981),haspreviouslybeen
knowntous.Ithasavoluminousforebody,theheadwithwelldevelopedandstrongly
hookedmandibles,andthebaseofthepronotummorestronglycontracted,appearing
tobesomewhatdifferentinexternalappearancefromPte1-ostichustodai.Isuspectedif
geographicaldifferentiationhasreallytakenplaceinsuchanarrowarea,eventhough
macrocephalicpterostichinesareapterousandundergroundinhabitantsingeneral.To
solvemyquestion,itwasindispensabletoexaminealargenumberofspecimens from
theseareas. I thereforemadeashortcollectingtriptoMt.Kisokoma-ga-takeearlyin
theautumnof2000withmycolleagues,Messrs. Ryoji ToYosHIMAandShoji KAT0
whokindlyproposedtoco-operatemyresearch.Wesetabout500cupsofbaitedpit-
in-trapsatadriedcraggybottomofanarrowvalleyonthesouthwesternslopeofMt.
Kisokoma-ga-take, theareacalled Kiso-dani,ca.1,400m in altitude. As the result,
ToYosHIMAobtainedone femaleofthemacrocephalicpterostichineinquestion.Since
92 AkemichiSUGIMURA
then,weo量onvisitedthiscollectingsiteandwereabletoobtainseveral specimens.
Further,wetookratheralongseriesofPterostlchustoda1fromitstypelocality inthe
mid-autumnof2001andwereabletomakeanadequatecomparison.A量oracareful
study, Icametotheconclusionthatthisbeetleisverypeculiarintheadeaga1configu-
ration, andbelongstoan independentpopulationofPterostichustoda1at thesub-
specieslevel.Sinceit isnewtoscience,IwillnameitPterostlchustodai toyoshima1in
dedicationtoMr.RyojiToYosHIMA,whorediscoveredthisinterestingcarabidbeetleon
Mt. Kisokoma-ga-take. Adding to theoriginal description ofthenominotypica1sub-
speciesby MORITAandKANIE(1997), Iwillsummarizeitssignificantanddefinitive
characteristicsandpreparemeasurementtablesforcomparison.
Theabbreviationsused in thetablesofthispaperareas follows: HW-greatest
widthofhead;PW-greatestwidthofpronotum;PL-lengthofpronotum(measured
along themedian line); PA-widthof pronota1apex;PB-widthofpronota1base;
EW-greatestwidthofelytra;EL-greatest lengthofelytra; M-arithmetical mean;
SD-standarddeviation.
Theholotypetobedesignatedinthispaperwillbepreservedinthecollectionof
theNationalScienceMuseum(Nat.Hist),Tokyo.
BeforegoingfurtherIwishtoexpressmysinceregratitudetoDr.Shun-IchiUENo
oftheNationalScienceMuseum(Nat.Hist),Tokyoforhiscriticalreadingofthemanu-
scriptofthispaper.MyheartythanksareduetoMessrs.RyojiToYosHIMAofNagoya
andShoji KAT0ofTsushima,AichiPrefecture fortheirkindco-operationanduseful
advice.
PterostichustodaitodaiMORITAetKANIE,1997
[Japanesename:Ena-ozu-naga-gomimushi]
(Figs.1,3)
Ptet-ostichustodaiMORITAetKANIE,1997,Elytra,Tokyo,25,pp.164-166,figs.1-7
Length(measuredfromapicalclypea1margintoelytra1apices):14.1-15.6mmin
male,14.4-17.2mminfemale.Humeralwidth:4.1-4.7mminmale,4.1-4.9mmin fe-
male.0thersignificantmeasurementsareshowninTablet.Bodyrather flatandcom-
paratively large in sizeamong themacrocephalic pterostichinespecies fromJapan.
Colourdarkbrown;headdarkerexcept formaxillarypalpi,labrum,antennaeandlegs,
whicharelighter.
Headvery largeandvoluminous,usuallyalittlenarrowerthanpronotum,widest
near themiddle; frontal furrowsdistinctandalmostparallel;eyessmallandentirely
at;antennaesubfiliforman ifstraightlystretching,reachingaboutbasal t/2.3-1/2.2
ofelytra, ratioofeach segment (I-XI) as follows: about 1:0.49:0.77:0.79:0.81:
0.79:0.74:0.68:0.64:0.59:0.71 in 23 ; 1:0.48:0.77:0.78:0.78:0.77:0.71:0.66:
0.61:0.57:0.67 in 12 ; temporaestronglyandroundlyswollenlaterad,sidesrather
broadlyandalmostevenly arcuate, thecurvaturestronger in female; lateral grooves
NewSubspeciesofPte,・ostielnlstodai 93
Table 1. MeasurementsofPte''ostlchttstodaitodaiMORITAetKANIE,1997fromtheMisaka-toge
23 Length(mm) PW/HW PW/PL PW/PA PW/PB PA/PB EW/PW EL/EW
M 1490 111 145 1l4 121 106 120 1.64
. . . . . . .
SD 0488 0.025 0.035 0.024 0.027 0.030 0.025 0.036
.
12 Length(mm) PW/HW PW/PL PW/PA PW/PB PA/PB EW/PW EL/EW
M 1562 106 148 111 121 109 117 1.67
. . . . . . .
SD 0.898 0.027 0.028 0.025 0.032 0.043 0.022 0.035
shortandalmoststraightwithposteriorendsreachingposteriorsupraorbitalsetaeora
littleoutsidethem;additionalgroovesshallowthoughdistinct,extending fromalittle
outsideandnear theends ofeyes, reaching andjoiningposterior ends of lateral
grooves;mandiblesvery long, leftonelonger thanthe right,somewhatsinuatenear
baseandstronglyhookedinwardsnearthemiddletoapex,rightoneweaklyhooked;
genaesmoothonventralside,withoutfinewrinkles.
Pronotumrather flat,nearlysquare,widestataboutapical1/5inmaleoratabout
apical1/7in female(measuredalongthemedianline),lightlyandsinuatelynarrowed
basad;sidesveryfeeblyconvergentapicadfromthewidestpart,slightlyarcuatelycon-
vergentbasadandalmostparallelednearbase;apicalanglesstronglyprojectingand
acutewithextremelynarrowlyroundedtips,basalonesrectangularorslightlysharp;
discshallowlylongitudinallyimpressedatthemiddle,withfinetransversewrinkleson
bothsidesoftheimpression,andsometimesalsowithapairofshallow,smallandsub-
circular foveaenear themiddle,1atero-basa1portions a little inside basal angles
coarselypunctateandratherdistinctlyfoveolate.
Elytrarather at,elongate-subquadratewithmoderately roundedapices,andal-
mostparallel-sidedthoughveryslightlyarcuateoutwards;shouldersratherangulate;
suturalanglesangulateordenticulate;scutellarstrictovariableincondition,joining
stria1orsometimesentirelyseparatedfromit.
Legsslender;protibiaeslightlybowedinbothsexes;undersideofprotarsiwithout
adhesivehairs in female.
Terminalsterniteofabdomensubcircularlydepressedbeforeandbetweenapair
ofsetaeinmale, transversely depressednearapex in female;apicalmargin inmale
veryslightlysinuateoralmostsmoothatthemiddle.
Aedeagus elongateand strongly bent at about basal t/3; ventral side almost
smooth,neitherdistinctlythickenednorcarinatelyconvexnear themiddle;apical lobe
stronglyproduced,weaklyreexedinlateral view,slightly inclinedtotherightindor-
sal viewandinclineddextrally infrontal view;apicalorificewithasmallandweakly
sclerotizedplate-likeconvexityatpreapex; right paramerewithanacuteapex; left
paramerewide.
Specimensexamined. 1 Misaka-toge(ca.1,500m inalt),Achi-mura,Nagano
,
94 AkemichiSUGIMURA
Fig. 1. Pte''ostlchustodaI toda1MORITAetKANIE,1997 fromtheMisaka-togc;a-b,habitus;c-d, fore
body;a,c:male;b,d:female.
NewSubspeciesofPterostichustodai 95
Fig. 2. PterostichustodaitoyoshimaiSUGIMURA,subspnov.,fromMt.Kisokoma-ga-take;a-b,habitus;
c-d, forebody;a,c:male(holotype);b,d: female(paratype).
96 AkemichiSUGIMURA
Pref.,2~3-IX-2000, AkemichiSuGIMuRAleg;1 ,Misaka-toge(ca.1,500minalt),
Nakatsugawa-shi,GifuPref.,16~23-IX-2001,ShojiKAT01eg;19 9 ,samelo-
,
cality,30-IX~11-X-2001,RyojiToYosHIMA&AkemichiSUGIMURAleg;2 3
, ,
samelocality,11~21-X-2001,Ryoji TovosHIMA& AkemichiSUGIMURAleg.
PterostichustodaitoyoshimaiSUGIMURA,subsp nov.
[Japanesename:Kisokoma-ozu-naga-gomimushi]
(Figs2,4)
Pte・tostlch1lsmac1-ogenys:SAKAGUTI,1981, Ins.World,Osaka,5:pp 71,72, fig 6[part.]. [NeeBATES,
1883.]
Length(measuredfromapicalclypea1margintoelytra1apices):14.6-15.2mmin
male,15.4-16.4mmin female.Humeralwidth:4.0-4.7mminmale,4.1-4.9mmin fe-
male. 0thersignificantmeasurementsareshowninTable2.Bodyrather flat.Colour
darkbrown;headdarkerexcept formaxillarypalpi,labrum,antennaeandlegs,which
arelighter.
Headverylargeandvoluminous,alittlenarrowerorsometimesalittlewiderthan
pronotum; frontal furrowsdistinctandalmostparallel;antennae,ifstraightlystretch-
ing, reachingaboutbasal t/3-1/2.3ofelytra,ratioofeachsegment(I-XI)asfollows:
about 1:0.49:0.78:0.81:0.80:0.74:0.73:0.65:0.61:0.58:0.61 in 2 ; 1:0.52:
0.81:0.81:0.76:0.69:0.68:0.63:0.61:0.52:0.68 in 2 ; temporae strongly and
roundlyswo11enlatera sidesalmostevenlyarcuateandwidestalittlebehindthemid-
dle, thearcuations in femalenarrower andstronger than inthenominotypica1sub-
species; left mandibles relatively longer than that of the nominotypica1subspecies;
ventralsurfacebearingfine,shortandtransversewrinklesneargularsutures.
Pronotumrather flat,nearlysquare,widestataboutapical1/6inmaleoratabout
apica11/10infemale(measuredalongthemedianline),morestronglynarrowedbasad
than in thenominotypica1subspecies; apex a little wider than base;sides feebly
roundly convergentapicad fromthewidestpart,sinuately convergent basadandsub-
parallelednear base; apical anglesstrongly projecting; basal anglesrectangular or
slightlysharp;discshallowlyandlongitudinally impressedat themiddle,sometimes
bearingapairofsmallcircular foveaealittleinsidelateralmarginsataboutapical1/3
inadditiontoapairofsmallmedianfoveae,transversewrinklesnear theimpression
stronger than thoseof thenominotypica1subspecies,1atero-basa1portions coarsely
punctateandfoveolateasinthenominotypica1subspecies.
Elytraofthesameshapeasinthenominotypica1subspecies;scutellarstriolevari-
ableincondition.
Terminalsterniteofabdomeninmalesubcircularlydepressedbeforeandbetween
apairofmarginalsetae;intheholotype,apairoffineshorttransverselinesandafew
transversewrinklesalsopresentjustbeforeandbesidethedepression;apicalmarginin
maleslightlysinuateoralmostsmoothatthemiddle.
Aedeagusmoderatelybentataboutbasal t/3,robuster thanthatofthenomino-
NewSubspeciesofPte1・ostichustodai 97
3
4
_
Fjgs 3_4. Malegenitaliaofthe twosubspeciesofPte'o'stlchustodaiMORITAetKANIE,1997;a-e,
malegenjta1organ:a,aedeagus,leftlateralview;b,aedeagus,dorsalview;c leftparamere;d,ri9ht
paramere;e, genitalsegment; f,male terminalsternite.Scale:2mm. - 3. R todai toda1, f「om
theMjsaka_toge. - 4.Prof・osrlc1/llsfodal fovos加1na1SuGIMURA,subsp nov., fromMt.KiSOkOma-
ga-take.
98 Akemichi SUGIMURA
Table 2. Measurements of Pte1,ostichus todai toyoshimai SUGIMuRA, subsp. nov., f「om Mt
Kisokoma-ga-take.
Length(mm) PW/HW PW/PL PW/PA PW/PB PA/PB EW/PW EL/EW
Holotype(3 4'6 1.09 48 14 28 2 '8 60
1 52 1.09 45 15 31 3 8 64
'
1 64 0.97 55 10 26 5 1 0 66
1 54 1.04 56 09 24 4 3 64
'
typicalsubspecies;middleportionparticularly robust,stronglyandcarinatelyconvex
ontheventralside;apical lobemoreor lessproducedandweaklyreflexed in lateral
view;apicalorificewithasmallandweaklysclerotizedplate-likeconvexityas inthe
nominotypica1subspecies;apexofrightparamerenotsoacute.
Type series. Holotype: , Ashijima (ca. 1,400m in alt), Agematsu-machi,
Kiso-gun,NaganoPref.,23~24-VI-2001,RyojiToYosHIMA& AkemichiSUGIMURA
leg.Paratypes: 1?,same localityastheholotype, 2~3-IX-2000,Ryoji T(1〕、lfoisHIMA
leg; le,samelocality astheholotype,16~23-IX-2001,Shoji KAT0 & Akemichi
SUGIMURAleg; 1e,samelocalityastheholotype,11-X-2001,Ryoji ToYosHIMAleg;
l 0hara(ca.1,200minalt),Kisofukushima-machi,Kiso-gun,NaganoProf.,1-X-
,
2000,KyokoTAKEDAleg.
Nlotes. Because of having amedium-sized body, distinct and almost parallel
frontal furrowson thetemporaewidest near themiddle, theelytraalmostparallel-
sidedandangulateordenticulateatsuturalangles,andtheaedeagusstronglybentat
about basal thirdwithaweaklysclerotizedplate-likeconvexityat thepreapex, this
newtaxondoubtlesslybelongstoPterostlchustoda1at thespecies level.However,at
thelevelofsubspecies, itcanbedistinguished fromthenominotypica1subspeciesby
havingthesidesofpronotummorestronglyarcuateoutwardsandratherstronglycon-
vergentbasa theaedeagusrobusterwithacarinateridgeontheventralsideandmod-
eratelybentatbasalthird,andtherightparamerenotsoacuteapically.
要 約
杉村明道:中部日本の木曽駒ケ岳から発見されたェナオオズナガゴミムシの1新亜種. -
木曽山地におけるオオズナガゴミムシの仲間は, 南部に位置する惠那山近傍の神坂峠に分布す
るェナオオズナガゴミムシPte,,oslichustodaitodaiMORITAetKANIE,1997と, 坂口(l981)がニツ
コウオオズナガゴミムシPterostichusmao・,ogenysとして北部に位置する木曽駒ケ岳産の1 個体
を図示したものが知られていた. 坂口が図示した個体は, 非常によく発達した大顎と中央部が
とくに強く張り出した側頭部を有していることなどから, ニツコウオオズナガゴミムシpfc,-o_
stichusmao,・ogenysとは明らかに異なる種であり, 著者はその分類上の地位について従来から注
目していた. 2000年の秋以降, 著者は豊嶋亮司氏と加藤昭児氏の協力を得て, これらの地域で
調査を行った結果, 両地域でともに複数の個体を採集することができた. その後の比較研究の
NewSubspeciesofPre,-osr1c11llsroda1 99
結果、木曽駒ケ岳産の個体群は, 翅鞘先端部の形状, 雄交尾器右側片の形状および雄交尾器の
中央片開口部付近に硬質化した小隆突起を持つことなどによりェナオオズナガゴミムシPte,-o-
stlchustoda,に属するが, 他方では重要な固有形質を保有しており, この種の新亜種と認められ
るので, キソコマオオズナガゴミムシPtet,ostichustodai toyoshi,naiSuGIMuRA,subsp nov. と命名
して記載した.
本新亜種は, 前胸背板の側縁がより強く波曲し, 基部がより強く狭まること, 雄交尾器の中
央片はより太く, 基部1/3で緩やかに屈曲し, 中央部付近では下面が顕著に張り出すことによ
り基亜種と区別できる. 本新亜種の産地は, 基亜種の基準産地である神坂山かKら直線でわずか
40km程度しか離れておらず, このような狭い地域で亜種分化が見られることは, 本種が地下
生息性の強い甲虫であることを考慮しても非常に興味深い.
なお, 本亜種名は木曽駒ケ岳からこの興味深いオオズナガゴミムシを再発見された豊嶋亮司
氏に因んで命名した.
References
MORITA,S.,&N.KANIE,1997. Anewmacrocephalicpterostichine(Coleoptera,Carabidae)fromCentral
Japan. Elytra,To;tkyo,25:163-167.
SAKAGUTI,K., 1981. Themacrocephalicpterostichinecarabidswithasymmetricmandibles. Insectsof
thew()rid,5[Eurasia]:70-73.Hoikusha,Osaka.(InJapanese,withEnglishbooktitle)
Eht,-a,To(k、,o,30(1):99-100,June30,2002
RediscoveryofBra1hypronomaeaesakii(Coleoptera,Staphylinidae,
Aleocharinae)anditsNewRecord from
theIslandofOkinawa-honto,theRyukyus
Munetoshi MARUYAMA
SystematicEntomology,GraduateSchoolofAgriculture,HokkaidoUniversity,
Sapporo,060-8589Japan
Theintertidalbeetle,BI-ahyp,-onomaeaesakilSAwADA,1956,ofthetribePronomaeiniwas
describedonthebasisofthreespecimenscollectedfromacoralreefofIshigaki-jima,Nansei-
shoto,Japan.Surprisingly,EsAKl(1956),thecollectorofthetypeseries,reportedthatthebee-
tleswerediscoveredfromabout fivekilometersoff thecoastofIshigaki-jimaandthereefwas
submergedunder theseawaterexcept forabouttwohoursateach low tide.Thisspecieswas