A new subgenus and species of Neotropical Hylaeus from Costa Rica (Hymenoptera: Colletidae)

2009·3.5 MB·English

by  Terry Griswold

HYM. RES.
J.
Vol. 18(2), 2009, pp. 178-182
A New Subgenus and Species of Neotropical Hylaeus from Costa Rica
(Hymenoptera: CoUetidae)
Terry Griswold
USDA-ARS Bee Biology & Systematics Laboratory,
Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322-5310, USA
—
Abstract. A new Neotropical subgenus of Hylaeus, Snellingella, subgenus nov., is described,
withHylaeus amplus, sp. nov., from Costa Rica as the type species. Characteristics to separate the
new species from other Costa Rican Hylaeus are provided.
Hylaeus Fabricius is a diverse genus (47 METHODS
subgenera, over 700 species) w^ith one of Distinguishing between subgeneric and
the broadest distributions of any genus of specific characters in an, at present, mono-
bees. Hylaeus is found on all continents typic subgenus is fraught with risk. Here,
except Antarctica and on remote islands, characters that are used to recognize
and is diverse in both temperate and existing subgenera are included in the
tropical regions (Michener 1979). In the subgeneric description; characters that
Neotropical Region, 111 species are recog- vary within other Neotropical subgenera
nized (Moure et al. 2007), with most of the are included in the species description.
South American species unplaced to sub- Morphological terminology follows Mich-
genus. Subgenera recorded from the Neo- ener (2007) and for propodeal structures
tropics include Cephylaeus Moure (southern Snelling (1985). The abbreviations Fl, F2,
Brazil), Gongyloprosopis Snelling (tropical etc., denote the first, second, etc. flagellar
South America), Hylaeopsis Michener (Neo- segments of the antenna; Tl, T2, etc. the
tropical Region), Hylaeana Michener (Neo- first, second, etc. metasomal terga; SI, S2,
tropical Region), Orohylaeus Michener etc., the first, second, etc. metasomal
(high Andes), Prosopis Fabricius (Holarctic, sterna.
northern margin of the Neotropical Re-
gion), and Spatulariella Popov (adventive in Snellingella new subgenus
Chile and Argentina).
Type species: Hylaeus amplus, sp. nov.
Roy Snelling contributed much to our
—
know^ledge of this challenging group. He Diagnosis. This subgenus is distin-
revised the Hylaeus of the Nearctic region guished from all other Western Hemi-
(Snelling 1966a, 1966b, 1966c, 1968, 1970), sphere subgenera (and representatives of
southern India and Sri Lanka (Snelling the 25 of 36 subgenera not native in the
1980) and the Bonin Islands (Snelling 1970), Americas available for study) by the V-
and published w^orks on Hylaeus of the shaped basal depression of Tl punctate
Afrotropics (Snelling 1985) and Neotropi- rather than impunctate. The combination
cal region (Snelling 1982). It is therefore of head wider than long, linear malar
fitting to describe a distinctive Neotropical space, non-carinate pronotal lobe and
Hylaeus from Costa Rica in his honor. omaulus, complete apical hair band on
Volume 18, Number1, 2009 179
Tl, and T2 with gradulus, also serve to interantennal elevation that extends dor-
distinguish it.— sallybeyond the antennal sockets, but they
Description. Head short, broad lack pectinate apical lobes on S7. Females
(Figs 1,2). Interantennal platform weakly run to couplet 6 where they fail to agree
developed, not carinate laterally. Malar with either option; the gena is as wide as
space linear. Pronotal collar narrow espe- the eye and the mesepistemal punctures
ciallymedially, lateral angle in dorsal view are distinct, but lateral carinae are present
obliquely angled, not truncate. Pronotal on the propodeum and the terga are
lobe broadly rounded, without dorsal conspicuously, densely punctate.
—
carina, lacking distinct anterior face. Scu- Etymology. It is a great pleasure to
tum in profile convex anteriorly, well recognize a friend and colleague who has
above pronotal collar. Omaulus not cari- contributed much to our knowledge of
nate. Propodeum except basal area and bees in general and Hylaeus in particular.
propodeal pit obscured by pubescence; Roy took the time to encourage a young
propodeal triangle with basal portion high school teacher attempting to do
strongly sloping, lateral margin carinate, systematic work on the side, even turning
without carina separating it from posterior over a mostly completed manuscript. For
area; no carina enclosing spiracle. Forecoxa that I will always be grateful.
not carinate, without lateral process or
spine. Tl V-shaped basal depression pimc- Hylaeus {Snellingella) amplus new species
tate, with lateral margin not sharply (Figs 1-7)
angled; apical margin of segment with —
Diagnosis. The subgeneric diagnosis
strong apical hair band, other terga with
bands indistinct or absent. T2with distinct, will serve to differentiate H. amplus from
shallow gradulus, carinate on anterior other Western Hemisphere species. In
margin. addition, male S7 (Fig. 5) and S8 (Figs 6,
Male.—Mandible bidentate, inner tooth 7) are unique. Among the 26 species
not as long as outer, apices acute. Facial known from Costa Rica (Griswold et al
fovea small, linear, indistinct among coarse 1995, updated), some undescribed, H.
amplus can be distinguished by the combi-
punctures. Preoccipital carina present dor-
sally and laterally. Tl in lateral view nation of scutellum not maculate, propo-
without distinct angle between anterior deum without transverse carina, mesepi-
and dorsal faces. T2 gradulus narrow. S8 stemum sparsely punctate and shiny, Tl
distal process narrowly keeled, straight, with complete apical hair band, and T2
not bent down. Genitalia with gonstylus with dis—tinct gradulus.
broad, not rod-Like apically. Male. Body length 8 mm, forewing
Female.—Facial fovea short, not quite length 5.5 mm. Integument black except:
reaching level of anterior margin of lateral yellow on mandible, labrum medially,
ocellus, nearer to eye than to ocellus. clypeus except along lateral margin, supra-
Vertex bulging in area of ocelli. Preoccip- clypeal area, paraocular area, scape ven-
ital carinapresentdorsally,notlaterally. Tl trally, pronotal collar, posterior spot on
in lateral view evenly curved without pronotal lobe, spot on tegula, foretibia
distinct anterior and dorsal faces. T2 anteriorly, midtibia apically on anterior
gradulus broad. Sterna punctate, surface surface, hindtibia basal stripe anteriorly,
not satiny. all basitarsi; various shades of reddish
—
Discussion. In the keys to subgenera of brown on antenna, legs, lateral and apical
the Western Hemisphere (SnelHng 2007), margins of terga, sterna apically. Wings
males run to couplet 7 where they agree stained, stronglyso anteriorly onforewing,
with Hylaeus s. str. in the parallel sided veins dark brown. Pubescence white ex-
180 Journalof Hymenoptera Research: Festschrift Honorb^g Roy Shelling
Figs 1-7. Hylaeus(SnellingeUa)ampinsnewspecies. 1,Headoffemale.2,Headofmale.3,Dorsal,ventralviews
ofmalegenitalia.4,Lateralviewofmalegenitalia.5,Dorsal,ventralviewsofmaleS7.6,VentralviewofmaleS8.
7, Lateral view ofmale S8.
Volume 18, Number1, 2009 181
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cept dark on T7, S6; longest hairs shorter Female. Length 7.5-8.5 mm; forewing
than scape; erect on head, moderately length 6.5-7 mm. As in male except for
dense on hypostomal area; very short, usual sexual differences and as follows:
sparse on scutum; dense on metanotum yellow markings restricted to wide longi-
laterally; obscuring integument on mese- tudinal stripe on clypeus, supraclypeal
pistemum ventrally and most of propo- area, paraocular area (Fig. 1), pronotal
deum;Tl withnarrow apicalband ofshort, collar. Pubescence sparser on hypostomal
dense, plumose hairs obscuring surface; area, denser on propodeum, T2-4 margins,
T2-5 with short, sparse pubescence not sterna. Punctation finer on frons, vertex,
forming distinct apical bands. Body dull scutum, scutellum, terga; sparser on scu-
except shiny on mesepisternum, lateral tum, scutellum; denser on sterna.
face of propodeum, Tl, sterna; surface, Head broader than long (1.2 X). Maxi-
where punctures not contiguous, lineolate; mum genal width equal to maximum eye
punctures of clypeus, paraocular area, width in lateral view (1.0 X). Scape not
supraclypeal area indistinct, separated by expanded; Fl slightly wider than long (1.1
one to two puncture widths; frons, vertex X); F2 wider than long (1.2 X); F3-9 as
irregularly contiguously punctate; scutum, long, or slightlylonger, aswide (1.0-1.1 X).
scutellum densely but not contiguously Propodeum basal zone slightly less coarse-
punctate; mesepisternum with punctures ly rugulose. T2 not strongly depressed
small, two to three puncture widths apart; apically; T3 scarcely depressed apically.
metepisternum transversely striate T2-3 with circular lateral fovea covered
throughout; propodeum laterally finely, with appressed setae.
—
densely, but not contiguously, punctate; Type Material Holotype male: Costa
Tl punctures dense, coarse on dorsal Rica, San Jose, Escazu, 24-30 Jan 1988, F.
surface, nearly contiguous medially; T2 D.Parker(#30778).Paratypes: CostaRica: 1
more densely, finely punctate; T3-5 still male, San Jose, Escazu, 5 Feb 1989, F. D.
more finely punctate; sterna with fine, Parker; 1 female, San Jose, San Isidro
sparse punctation. General, Feb 1993, F. D. Parker; 1 female,
Head broader than long (1.1 X, Fig. 2). Guanacaste,FincaMontezuma,3 kmSERio
Ocelloccipital distance < interocellar dis- Naranjo, 25-31 Mar 1992, F. D. Parker; 1
tance < ocellocular distance. Maximum female, same except 12-20 Mar 1993. Holo-
genal width less than maximum eye width type and paratypes in the U. S. National
in lateral view (0.9 X). Scape moderately Pollinating Inse—cts Collection, Logan, Utah.
expanded, length approximately 1.5 times Distribution. Apparently endemic to
maximum width; Fl broader thanlong (1.4 mid elevation—s of Costa Rica.
X); F2 length 1.1 times width; F3 length 1.3 Discussion. Hylaeus amplus is rarely col-
times width, F4-10 similarly shaped. Pro- lected. Of 565 specimens of Costa Rican
podeum with well developed lateral and Hylaeus studied, only five specimens be-
oblique carinae, dorsal surface shorterthan long to this species. All were collected in
scutellum, basal zone coarsely rugulose, the months ofJanuarythrough March even
delimited laterally by irregular carina, though at two of the localities collections
propodeal pit slender, elongate, narrowed were made throughout the entire year.
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dorsally, propodeal spiracle not delimited Etymology. This bee is significantly
by carina. Tl narrowly depressed apically. larger than any other Costa Rican Hylaeus,
T2 more broadly, strongly depressed api- thus the Latin amplus, large.
cally behind lateral preapical swelling. T3
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
with broad, slightly depressed apical area.
S7 as in Fig. 5. S8 as in Figs 6, 7. Genitalia Frank Parker's tireless efforts to surveythebees of
as in Figs 3, 4. CostaRicamadethisworkpossible.Illustrationswere
182 Journalof Hymenoptera Research: Festschrift Honoring Roy Swelling
rendered by Victor Gonzalez; pictures of heads of the Southern California Academy of Sciences 65:
provided by Harold Ikerd. I am grateful to Charles —164-175.
Michener and Kevin Williams for review^ing the 1968. Studies on North American bees of the
.
manuscript. genus Hylaeus, 4. The subgenera. Cephalylaeus,
Metziella andHylaeana. Contributions in Science, Los
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