A new species of Thais from Zhejiang province, China (Gastropoda, Neogastropoda, Muricidae)

2009·0.38 MB·

Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 34 (3) : 568- 571 (July, 2009) ISSN1000(cid:1)0739
动物分类学报
荔枝螺属一新种记述 (腹足纲, 新腹足目, 骨螺科)
陈志云1 (cid:1) 尤仲杰1,2*
1(cid:2) 宁波大学生命科学与生物工程学院(cid:1) 宁波(cid:1) 315211
2(cid:2) 宁波市海洋与渔业研究院(cid:1) 宁波(cid:1) 315012
摘(cid:1) 要(cid:1) 笔者在整理浙江沿海荔枝螺属Thais Roeding, 1798标本时, 经形态分类方法和分子生物学方法鉴定发现1新
种, 即大渔荔枝螺 Thais (Stramonita) dayunensis sp. nov., 隶属于腹足纲、前鳃亚纲、新腹足目、骨螺科、红螺亚科、
荔枝螺属、Stramonita 亚属。文中对新种的形态特征和栖息环境进行了记述, 并与近似种进行了比较讨论。
关键词(cid:1) 新腹足目, 骨螺科, 荔枝螺属, 新种.
中图分类号(cid:1) Q969(cid:2)212
(cid:1) (cid:1) Stramonita 亚属由Schumacher于 1817年确定, 模 时间同正模标本。模式标本均保存于宁波大学应用
式种为Buccinum haemastoma Linnaeus, 1767。此亚属的 海洋生物技术教育部重点实验室贝类研究室。
特征为: 贝壳中等大小或较小, 纺锤形或卵圆形。 形态描述(cid:1) 贝壳较小, 纺锤形, 壳质坚硬。螺
螺旋部锥形, 每螺层中部突出, 形成肩部, 有的种 旋部尖, 有的个体螺旋部明显高起。缝合线明显,
类体螺层上具有2 条肩部突起, 通常肩角上生有明 在体螺层与次体层之间的缝合线成浅缝状。螺旋部
显的颗粒状或角状突起。贝壳表面密布粗细不一的 每一螺层中部具 1条龙骨状的肩部, 在肩角上有1
螺旋纹和不规则的褐色斑纹。壳口梨形。外唇边缘 列明显的角状突起, 有的个体突起不明显或磨损。
具细小缺刻, 内面具有细螺肋, 内唇直且光滑。前 在体螺层的上部具有两条肩部突起。上方第 1条约
沟短, 后沟不发达, 呈缺刻状。不具脐或具假脐。 有9个角状突起, 有的个体突起钝圆。第2条较第1
厣角质, 肾形, 黄色半透明。齿式1(cid:2)1(cid:2)1, 中央齿三 条弱, 角状突起矮, 在延伸至壳口时逐渐消失。整
分叉。Troschel (1866~ 1893) 曾把 Stramonita 定为属, 个壳面密布粗糙的粗细不一的螺肋。体螺层肩部以
并将Thais 列为其中的1个亚属。Thiele (1929) 认为 下的螺纹粗细相间。壳表灰白色, 在突起部位有咖
这一类动物属于荔枝螺属指名亚属Thais s. s. 的一 啡色带。壳口梨形, 内面黄白色。外唇厚, 边缘由
个类群 ( section)。在后来的研究中, 很多学者将 于壳面的螺纹而形成细小的缺刻, 内面光滑, 具6
Stramonita 列为荔枝螺属的亚属之一 ( Wenz, 1941; 条细螺肋。内唇较直, 光滑, 上半部分具棕色色斑,
Woodring, 1959; Keen, 1971)。而Kool (1987, 1993) 下半部分为黄白色。前沟短, 向背部翻转, 后沟呈
在对红螺亚科Rapaninae Gray, 1853的研究中将该分 缺刻状。绷带发达, 具假脐, 少数个体不明显。厣
类类群提升至属。笔者通过观察贝壳形态和齿舌形 角质, 黄棕色, 附着面具有不定型的加厚层。
态后认为Stramonita 应为荔枝螺属的1个亚属。 齿舌(cid:1) 齿式1(cid:2)1(cid:2)1。对5 个个体的齿舌观察发
在整理浙江沿海荔枝螺标本时, 笔者经鉴定发 现, 形态结构一致, 无明显的种内差异 ( 图3~ 6)。
现了属于荔枝螺属Stramonita 亚属1新种, 报道如下。 中央齿 (rachidian) 的中央齿尖细长且尖, 有的个体
中央齿尖基部稍宽。两外齿短、宽, 仅为中央齿尖
大渔荔枝螺, 新种Thais (Stramonita) dayunensis sp.
的1(cid:1)3长。两外齿主齿尖内侧具有1枚小齿, 有的钝
nov. (图1~ 6)
圆不明显 ( 图4), 有的尖而突出 (图5)。在同一条
正模, 壳高24(cid:2)00mm, 壳宽13(cid:2)75mm, 壳口高 齿舌带中, 有的外齿主齿尖内侧具有2 枚小齿, 其
14(cid:2)21mm, 壳口宽7(cid:2)96mm。由焦海峰采自浙江省 中1枚小齿偶见两分叉 ( 图 6); 外侧有 4~ 5 枚小
温州市苍南县大渔湾 ( 北纬27 35!, 东经120 57!),
齿。边缘小齿突出, 呈三角状, 其外侧具明显的片
2007年 3 月 21日。副模 4 个, 壳高 19(cid:2)07~ 26(cid:2)44
状突 起 ( sheet knob)。侧 齿 镰 刀 状。无 缘 齿
mm, 壳宽 11(cid:2)73~ 15(cid:2)36 mm, 壳口高11(cid:2)66~ 15(cid:2)14
(marginal tooth)。
mm, 壳口宽5(cid:2)86~ 8(cid:2)58mm。采集人、采集地点和
* 通讯作者, E(cid:1)mail:[email protected]
收稿日期: 2008(cid:1)12(cid:1)11, 修订日期: 2009(cid:1)05(cid:1)27
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July, 2009 陈志云等: 荔枝螺属一新种记述 (腹足纲, 新腹足目, 骨螺科) 569 (cid:1)
图1~ 2(cid:1) 大渔荔枝螺, 新种Thais (Stramonita) dayunensis sp. nov.
1(cid:2)贝壳腹面观(ventral viewof shell) (cid:1) 2(cid:2) 贝壳背面观 (dorsalview of shell)
图3~ 6(cid:1) 大渔荔枝螺, 新种Thais (Stramonita) dayunensis sp. nov. 齿舌形态
3, 4(cid:2) 样本1(specimen1) (cid:1) 5, 6(cid:2) 样本2(specimen2)
(cid:1)
(cid:1) 5(cid:1)70(cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) ActaZootaxonomica Sinica 动物分类学报(cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) Vol. 34(cid:1) No. 3
图7~ 8(cid:1) 爪哇荔枝Thais (Stramonita) javanica (Philippi, 1848) 齿舌形态
7(cid:2)中央齿和侧齿 (rachidianandlateraltooth) (cid:1) 8(cid:2) 中央齿 (rachidian)
(cid:1) (cid:1) 生态及分布: 栖息在潮间带岩礁间, 有小数量
REFERENCES(参考文献)
群聚 (schooling) 现象。目前仅见于浙江省温州市苍
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Keen, A. M. 1971. Sea Shells of Tropical West America. Stanford
讨论(cid:1) 与Stramonita 亚属中的种类相比, 新种与
UniversityPress, California. 370(cid:1)372.
爪哇荔枝螺T. (S.) javanica (Philippi, 1848) 的外部 Woodring, W. P. 1959. Geology and paleontrology of Canal Zone and
adjoiningpartsofPanama. DescriptionofTertiarymollusks(Gastropoda:
形态最为相似。两者贝壳较小, 螺旋部每一螺层中
VermetidaetoThaididae). U. S. Geol. SurveyProf. Paper, 306 (B):
部扩张形成肩部, 体螺层上部具有 2条肩部突起, 193(cid:1)202.
Kool, S. P. 1987. Significance of radular characters for reconstruction of
但是新种贝壳坚厚, 肩角上生有明显的角状突起,
thaididphylogeny (Neogastropoda: Muricidae). The Nautilus, 101:
而爪哇荔枝螺的贝壳较前者薄, 肩角上具小颗粒状 117(cid:1)131.
Kool, S. P. 1993. Phylogeneticanalysis oftheRapaninae(Neogastropoda:
突起。齿舌形态扫描电镜观察发现, 新种与爪哇荔
Muricidae). Malacologia, 35 (2): 155(cid:1)259.
枝螺齿舌形态存在明显差异, 新种齿舌的中央齿尖 Tan, K. S. and Sigurdsson, J. B. 1996. New species of Thais
(Neogastropoda: Muricidae) from Singapore, with redescription of
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Thaisjavanica (Phillipi, 1848). TheMalacological Society of London, 62:
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Thiele, J. 1929. Handbuch der systematischen Weichtierkunde ∀
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Prosobranchia. GustavFischer, Stuttgart. 376.
存在明显差异。通过基于16SrRNA基因片段和ITS1 Trochel, F. H. 1879. Das Gebiss der Schnecken zur Begr(cid:1)ndung einer
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ANEW SPECIES OF THAIS FROM ZHEJIANG PROVINCE, CHINA (GASTROPODA,
NEOGASTROPODA, MURICIDAE)
CHENZhi(cid:1)Yun, YOU Zhong(cid:1)Jie*
1(cid:2)Faculty of LifeScienceand Technology, NingboUniversity, Ningbo(cid:1) 315211, China
2(cid:2)NingboAcademyofOcean andFishery, Ningbo (cid:1) 315012, China
Abstract(cid:1) This paper deals with a new species of the Thais (Stramonita) dayunensis sp. nov. (Figs(cid:2)1(cid:1)2)
genus Thais Roeding, 1798 collected from the coast of Holotype, type locality, Dayu Bay (27 35!N,
Zhejiang Province. Type specimens are deposited in Key 120 57!E), Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. On
Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology Ningbo rocks inthe intertidal zone, collected byJIAOH. F., 21
University, ZhejiangProvince, China. Mar. 2007. Paratypes. Four specimens, similar to
* Corresponding author.
July, 2009 陈志云等: 荔枝螺属一新种记述 (腹足纲, 新腹足目, 骨螺科) 571 (cid:1)
hototype. Collected with holotype. about one thirds as longas thecentralcusp. Usually one
Measurments. Holotype, shell length 24(cid:2)00 mm, denticle on theinside ofside cusps, prominentbutblunt;
shell wide13(cid:2)75mm; paratypes, shell lengthfrom19(cid:2)07 four to five strong denticles on the outside, some of
to26(cid:2)44mm, shell wide from 11(cid:2)73 to15(cid:2)36mm. which climbing; marginal denticles higher and broader
Diagnosis. Shell small, thickand solid, fusiform to than denticles. Knobs outside the marginal denticles
more oval(cid:1)shaped, dirty(cid:1)white with brown markings. slight. The lateral teeth simple andfalciform (Figs(cid:2)5(cid:1)6).
Spire acuminately turreted and transversely keeled with Habitat and Distribution. This species was present
corniform knobs. Two carinae on body whorl. Upper in smallnumberson rocksinmuddysandinthe intertidal
one strongwith ninecorniformknobs or so, secondmore zone. Itappears to befound only within the Dayu Bay,
or less slight. Aperture pyriform. Out lip thick, interior Wenzhou, ZhejiangProvince, China.
greyish(cid:1)white with six lirae. The columella narrow, Remarks. This new species closely resembles T.
straight, generally yellowish(cid:1)whitewith a brown marking (S.) javanica ( Philippi, 1848), but its shell is much
upside. Splenium strong, with or without thicker and has distinct corniform knobs present on the
pseudoumbilicus. carinae. This species is distinguishedby havingtheradula
Operculum. Reniform, yellow(cid:1)brown, with a central cusp on the rhachidian, narrow, longand
semitransparent; attachment surface with single pointed, obviously differingfromthose of other Thais. In
adventitious. addition, molecular phylogenetic analysis shows that it is
Radula. Rradular formula 1(cid:2)1(cid:2)1; rhachidian trifid; a separate species.
central cusp narrow, long, sharply pointed; side cusps
Key words(cid:1) Neogastropoda, Muricidae, Thais, new specie.