Table Of Content

24 ENTOMOLOGICALNEWS A NEW SPECIES OF JANUS (HYMENOPTERA: CEPHIDAE) FROM INDONESIAi DavidR.Smith^ ABSTRACT: Janus ecarinatus. n. sp., isdescribed from western Kalimantan, Indonesia. This is the first record ofthe family Cephidae for Indonesia,the most southern record inAsia, and one ofthefewknownfromtheSouthernHemisphere.Theabsenceofagenalcarinaandthelongcer- cus are two of the significant characters that separate it from other known species ofJanus. The Cephidae, stem or twig borers as larvae, are primarily a northern temperate, holarctic group ofabout 100 species in 15 genera. Representatives are very rare in tropical regions. The southernmost record in the Western HemisphereisforHartigiamexicana(Guerin)fromtheStateofChiapas,Mexico [ca.17°N] (Smith, 1988).Onegenus,AchetocephusBenson,withtwospecies,is known from Madagascar[ca. 20°S] (Benson, 1946). InAsia, aspeciesofJanus Stephens and one of Urosyrista Maa have been recorded from as far south as Burma [ca. 22°N] (Benson, 1946). The species described below as Janus ecarinatus from western Kaliman- tan,Indonesia, nowrepresentsthemostsouthernrecordofCephidaeinAsia,the second genus and third species from the Southern Hemisphere, and the first record ofthe family from Indonesia. About ten species ofJanus are known from Eurasia and North America. Larvaearetwigborers,andrecordedhostsarespeciesofMalus, Populus, Pyrus, Ribes, Quercus, Salix, and Viburnum. Adultsaredistinguishedfromothercephid genera by the tarsal claw with the inner tooth longer and stouter than outer toothandwithanacutebasal lobe; antennanotthickenedapicallybutgradually thickened after the second flagellar segment and the third antennal segment longerthan the fourth; left mandible lacking acentral tooth, outertooth simple and inner tooth simple with a basal shoulder on lower inner surface; apical maxillary palpal segment originatingnearthe baseofthepenultimate segment; forewing with vein 2A adjacent tothe posteriormargin ofthe wing and vannal fold, notseparatedfrom thembymorethantwicethewidthofthevein; andone ortwo preapical spines on the hindtibia. Several characterstypical forJanus, however, aredifferentinJ. ecarinatus. All previously known species ofJanus have a genal carina, cercus one third or less the length ofthe sawsheath, the hindbasitarsus shorter than the following tarsal segmentscombined, andserrulae ofthe lancettruncate attheirapices. In J. ecarinatus, the genal carina is absent, the cercus is nearly as long as the 1 ReceivedMarch8, 1996,AcceptedApnl 3, 1996. ^ Systematic Entomology Laboratory, PSI, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture,c/oNational MuseumofNatural History,MRC-168,Washington, DC.20560. ENT.NEWS 108(1)24-28,January&February, 1997 Vol. 108,No. 1,January&February, 1997 25 sheath (Figs. 2, 4), the hindbasitarsus is longer than the following tarsal seg- ments combined, and the serrulae ofthe lancet are pointed attheirapices (Fig. 5). Iregardthesedifferencesasmoresignificantforspecies separation than for generic distinction, and I believe J. ecarinatus belongs in the same lineage as otherJanusspecies because itshares many derived characterstates with them. TheabsenceofagenalcarinaalsooccurselsewhereinCephidae:inAchetocephus and in one species ofPachycephus Stein (Benson, 1946), agenus ofaboutfive species found in the Mediterranean areaand Eurasian steppes. Janus ecarinatus Smith, NEW SPECIES (Figs, 1-5) Female.-Length, 13mm.Antennawithscapeandpedicelyellow,flagellumblack.Headyel- low withdorsum betweeneyesblackand withblackextensionthroughocellarareaanteriorly to antennae;broadblackband onocciputsurroundingoccipital foremen; narrowanteriormarginof clypeus,apexofmandible,andapicalmaxillarypalpalsegmentblack.Thoraxyellowwithanterior halfofpronotum,anteriormarginofmesopleuron,lineseparatingmesopleuronandmesepimeron, spotonlowerangleofmesepimeron,andanteriorhalfofmesonotum(prescutum,anteriorhalves oflateral lobes, and anteriorcornerofscutellum) black. Abdomen yellow with brown bands on apical halfto twothirds ofterga2-7, narroweron 8; cercus and sheath black. Legs yellow with hindfemur(moreyellowatbase),extremeapexofhindtibialightly,andapicaltwotarsalsegments black.Wingsslightlyuniformlyyellowish;veinsandstigmalightbrown. Antenna23-to24-segmented,withscapeslightlylongerthanpedicelandthirdsegmentabout 1.6X longerthan fourth segment. Anterior clypeal margin rounded. Distance between antennae subequaltodistancefromantennatotentorialpit,0.5Xdistancefromantennatoanteriormarginof clypeus,and 1.6Xdistancebetweenantennaandinnermarginofeye. Malarspacelessthandiam- eterofanteriorocellus;genalcarinaabsent;apicalmaxillarypalpalsegmentoriginatingfrombase ofpenultimatesegment;distancebetweenposteriorocelli andposteriormarginofhead 2.3Xdis- tancebetweenanteriorocellusandantennaeand3.3Xdistancebetweenposteriorocellusandeye; fine shallow punctures on head with shiny interspaces. Thorax shining with very fine scattered punctures,mesonotummorepunctatewithfinesurfacesculpture;abdomenshiningwithoutsurface sculptureorpunctures. Hindbasitarus 1.4Xlongerthan lengthofremainingtarsalsegmentscom- bined;midtibiawithonepreapicalspine;hindtibiawith2preapicalspines;foretibiawithonelong, simple apical spine, 0.4 X length offorebasitarsus. Vein Ir offorewing reaches stigma. Cercus nearly reaching to apex ofsawsheath; sawsheath about 0.6X length ofbasal plate. Serrulae of lancetpointedatapices,eachwithseveralsmallanteriorsubbasalteeth. Male.-Unknown. Holotype.-Female, labeled "Indonesia:W. Kalimantan,Gunung PalungNat. Pk.,June 15 - August 15,1991,Darling,Rosichon,Sutrisno, 11S91 116,""CabangPantiRes.Sta. 1°15'S, 110° 5'E, 1° rainforest. Malaisetrap head. Sandstone - lightgap." Deposited inthe Museum Zoologu Bogor,Bogor,Indonesia. Etymology. ThespeciesnameisfromLatin,referringtothelackofagenal carina. Discussion.- This species differs from all other species ofJanus by the absenceofagenalcarina,longhindbasitarsus,longcercus,andpointedserrulae of the lancet, as discussed above. The predominantly yellow coloration with black primarily on top ofthe head, anterior halfofthe mesonotum, and bands on the abdomen are also distinctive. Benson(1946)describedaspeciesofya/iM^fromBurma,Maa(1949, 1950) describedtwospeciesandgavekeystothespeciesofChina, andMuche(1981) 26 ENTOMOLOGICALNEWS gaveakey tothe world species.Thedifferencescitedabove, however,preclude J. ecarinatus as apreviously described species. ] ^' 2 Figs. 1-2.Janusecarinatus. 1,Head,dorsalview.2,Apical6or7abdominalsegments,sheath,and ovipositor, lateralview. Vol. 108, No. 1,January&February, 1997 27 Fig. 3-5. Janus ecarinatus. 3, Lateroventral view. 4, Cercus and sheath, lateral view. 5, Central serrulaeoflancet. 28 ENTOMOLOGICALNEWS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I thank D. ChristopherDarling, Royal Ontario Museum,Toronto, Ontario, forbringingthis specimentomyattention.Thanksalsotothe followingforreview ofthis manuscript: H. Goulet, AgricultureCanada,Ottawa;N.M.Schiff,BeeResearchLaboratory,USDA,Beltsville,Maryland; andF.C. Thompson and R.W. Hodges, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, USDA,Washington, D.C. LITERATURECITED Benson,R.B. 1946. Classification oftheCephidae(HymenopteraSymphyta).Trans. Roy. Ento- mol.Soc.London96: 89-108. Maa,T.-C. 1949.A synopsisofChinese sawfliesofthesuperfamilyCephoidea(Hymenoptera). ChineseJourZool. 3; 17-42. Maa,T.-C. 1950.NeworlittleknownChinesesawfliesandwoodwasps(Hymenoptera).Quarterly Jour.TaiwanMuseum3: 14-21. Muche,H. 1981. DieCephidaederErde(Hym.,Cephidae). Dt.Entomol.Zeitschr., N.F.28: 239- 295. Smith,D.R. 1988.Asynopsisofthesawflies(Hymenoptera: Symphyta)ofAmericasouthofthe United States: introduction, Xyelidae, Pamphiliidae, Cimbicidae, Diprionidae, Xiphydriidae, Siricidae,Orussidae,Cephidae. Syst.Entomol. 13:205-261.