A new species of Encarsia (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) parasitising Aleuromarginatus tephrosiae (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in Iran and Oman

2008·2.2 MB·

by  Andrew Polaszek

HYM. RES.
J.
Vol. 17(2), 2008, pp. 134-137
A New Species of Encarsia (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) Parasitising
Aleuromarginatus tephrosiae (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in Iran and Oman
Andrew Polaszek and Shahab Manzari
(AP) Dept ofEntomology, the Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, U.K. (SM) Insect
Taxonomy Research Department, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, P.O. Box 1454,
Tehran 19395, Iran; email: [email protected]
—
Abstract. EncarsiaindigoferaePolaszek&Manzari,newspecies,isdescribedandillustrated.It
is known from Iran and Oman, and all known specimens were reared from the whitefly
Aleuromarginatus tephrosiae Corbett.
The purpose of this paper is to describe a Encarsia species are mostlyparasitoids of
new species in the genus Encarsia. E. whiteflies and armoured scale insects
indigoferaeisclearlyamemberoftheEncarsia (Diaspididae), and are of considerable
strenua-group, having scutellar sensilla sep- economic importance. The systematics
arated by approximately the maximum and biology of the genus are treated in
diameter of one ser\sillum (see Fig. 4), a detail by Heraty—et al. (2008).
characteristic stigmal vein with an asetose Abbreviations.
area above it, and a seta present at the NHM
junction of the marginal and submarginal Natural History Museum, Lon-
don, U.K.
vsetirnesn.uaI-tgrdoiuffperisnfhraovminogthaercospmebciineastioofnthoef HMIM Hayk Mirzayans Insect Muse-
three setae on the submarginal vein and a um, Iranian Research Institute
rugose stemmaticum. The host,Aleuromargi- of Plant Protection, Tehran,
IRAN.
natus tephrosiae Corbett, was described from
Sierra Leone (Corbett 1935) and is wide-
spread in Africa and Asia, apparently Encarsia indigoferae Polaszek & Manzari
specific tovarious Papilionaceae (Bink-Moe- new species
nen 1983). It seems probable that E. indigo- Figs 1-A
ferae is more widespread than is currently —
known. It is worth mentioning that within Description. Female
the colony of A. tephrosiae on Indigofera sp. Colour. Head andbodyyellow exceptthe
collected in Iran, parasitised pupae of following areas pigmented with brown
Zaphanera cyanotis Corbett with parasitoid (Fig. 1): three spots on stemmaticum
emergence holes were also collected. These (Fig. 3), adjacent to ocelli; pronotum and
two whitefly species, which had heavily front of mesoscutum, notauli (especially
infested Indigofera sp. in the collecting areas, poteriorly); most of axillae, but fading
were found to be mostly parasitised. It is posteriorly; T2 and T3-T6 either just later-
quite likely that Z. cyanotis is also being ally or more extensively. Antennae and
parasitisedbyE. indigoferaebutnoparasitoid legs uniformly pale brown, or appearing
was reared from the former species. paler, almost yellow. Fore wings hyaline.
Morphology. Stemmaticum with densely
To whom correspondence should be addressed: E-mail rugose surface sculpture (Fig. 3). Antennal
[email protected] formula 1,1,3,3 (Fig. 2). Pedicel equal in
Volume 17, Number2, 2008 135
mm
0.1
\ i
M^7l>
V
**x
Fig. 1. Encarsia indigoferaeholotype female, habitus.
length to Fl and F2. Flagellomeres with the sensillum. Distance between anterior pair
following numbers of sensilla: Fl: 1-2 (1), of scutellar setae smaller than between
F2: 1-2 (1), F3: 2-3 (2), F4: 3^ (3), F5: 3-4 posteriorpair. Fore wing2.3-2.5 (2.4) times
(4), F6: 2-3 (3). Midlobe of mesoscutum as long as width of disc. Marginal fringe
(Fig. 4) with 12-15 (14) setae arranged 0.19-0.20 times as long as width of disc
symmetrically, sidelobeswith3 setaeeach. (0.16 times in Oman specimens). Submar-
Scutellar sensilla close together, separated ginalveinwith3 setae (4 on one side in one
by a distance of about the width of a individual), marginal vein anteriorly with
136 Journalof Hymenoptera Research
Fig. 2. Encarsia indigoferaefemale, antenna.
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6-9 setae. Basal cell with 4-7, leading edge Host. Aleuromarginatus tephrosiaeCorbett.
—
of costal cell with 2-4 distinct setae (less Material studied. Holotype 9, IRAN:
conspicuous in Oman specimens). Tarsal Sistan-Balouchestan, Chabahar, Noban-
formula 5-5-5. Apical spur of midtibia dian, 28 m. 18.xii.2006, 25° 28' 54.8" N, 61°
subequal in length to corresponding basi- 9' 21.9" E. (S. Manzari, M. Moghaddam &
tarsus. Tergites laterallywith the following Durbin), ex Aleuromarginatus tephrosiae on
numbers of setae: Tl: 0, T2: 1, T3: 1, T4: 1, Indigofera sp. (HMIM). Paratypes: 159, 106*/
T5: 2-3, T6: 2-3, 17 with 5-8 (6) setae. same data as holotype (NHM, HMIM); 49,
Ovipositor longer than midtibia, 1.22-1.37 lo\ IRAN: Sistan-Balouchestan, Nikshahr,
(1.22) and 2.4-2.9 (2.4) times as long as Geshig, 631 m. 20.xii.2006, 26° 18' 6.1" N,
clava. Third valvula 0.20-0.21 (0.21) times 60° 20' 3.7" E. (S. Manzari), ex A. tephrosiae
as long as ovipositor. on Indigofera sp. (HMIM). OMAN: 39, 1(J,
Male. Morphology as for female, except Rumais, 18.iii.1992, ex A. tephrosiae on
for antennal and genitalia characters. F5 weed IIE 229—98 (NHM, HMIM).
and F6 apparently partially fused, as in Comments. E. indigoferae is related to E.
many males of strenua-group species. Pro- dialeurodis Hayat from Pakistan, and to the
notum, mesoscutum anteriorly and cen- Australian E. oakeyensis Schmidt & Nau-
trally, axillae and metasoma —entirely dark.
Species group placement. E. strenua
group.
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Distribution. Iran, Oman.
Fig. 3. Encarsia indigoferae female, stemmaticum. Fig. 4. Encarsia indigoferaefemale,mesosoma.
Volume 17, Number2, 2008 137
mann. It differs from both these species in LITERATURE CITED
having three setae on the submarginal
vein. It can be further distinguished from Bink-Moenen, R. M. 1983. Revision of the African
whiteflies (Aleyrodidae). Monografieen van de
other species in the strenua-group having 3
NederlandseEntomologische Vereniging 10: 1-212.
or more setae on the submarginal vein by Corbett, G. H. 1935. Onnew Aleurodidae. Annalsand
the rugose (rather than reticulate or striate) MagazineofNaturalHistory 16: 240-252.
stemmaticum (Fig. 3). Heraty, J. M., A. Polaszek, and M. E. Schauff. 2008.
Systematics and Biology of Encarsia. Chapter 4,
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Pp. 71-87 in: Gould, J., K. Hoelmer, and J.
Goolsbyeds. ClassicalBiologicalControlo/Bemisia
We would like to thank N. Shahbazvar for slide tabaci in the United States. A review ofinteragency
mountingthe whitefly specimens. research and implementation. Springer, 343 pp.