A new species of Confusacris (Orthoptera: Acrididae), with a key to the known species

2007·0.51 MB·

by  Yanfeng Wang

©EntomologicaFennica.5December2007
Anew species of Confusacris (Orthoptera: Acrididae),
with a key to the known species
YanfengWang&ZheminZheng
Wang,Y.&Zheng,Z.2007:AnewspeciesofConfusacris(Orthoptera:Acri-
didae),withakeytotheknownspecies.—Entomol.Fennica18:206–210.
ThegenusConfusacrisYin&Li,1987belongstoAcrididae:Chrysochraontinae
with4describedspecies.Itisreadilydistinguishedfromtherelatedgeneraasfol-
lows:theantennaesharplyensiform,especiallyinthefemale;elytraofmalewith
irregular quadrilateral cell, and the apex of the elytra being concave; lateral
carinaeofpronotumdistinctormoredistinct;firstsegmentofhindtarsuslonger
than third one distinctly. All species of the genus are distributed in northern
China. Anew species, Confusacris xinjiangensis Wang & Zheng sp. n. is de-
scribedinthispaper.Akeytotheknownspeciesofthegenusisgiven.
Y.Wang,InstituteofZoology,ShaanxiNormalUniversity,Xian,710062,China;
School of Life Sciences, Yan’an University, Yan’an, 716000, China; E-mail:
[email protected]
Z.Zheng,InstituteofZoology,ShaanxiNormalUniversity,Xian,710062,P.R.
China
Received5November2006,accepted16February2007
1.Introduction Chrysochraontinae,Acrididae(Yin&Xia2003).
Otte&Naskrecki(2006)groupeditinGompho-
ThegenusConfusacriswaserectedbyYin&Li cerinae as a member of the trobe Chryso-
(1987)withConfusacrisbrachypterusasthetype chraontini.
species. The genus is very closely related to ThefourdescribedspeciesofConfusacrisare
Euthystira Fieber, Euthystiroides Zhang, Zheng C.brachypterusYin&Li,1987fromJingyuan,
&Ren,1995andMongolotettixRehn,1928.The Ningxia; C. unicolor Yin & Li, 1987 from
genusConfusacrisisreadily distinguishedfrom Eyouqi, Inner Mongolia; C. xinganensis Li &
the genus Euthystira and Euthystiroides by the Zheng, 1993 from Jingpohu, Heilongjiang; C.
followingcharacters:theantennaesharply ensi- liminophila Liang & Jia, 1994 from Alihe and
form,especiallyinthefemale;andtheapexofthe Deerbuer,InnerMongolia(Yin&Li1987,Li&
elytrabeingconcaveinthemale(Bei-Bienko& Zheng1993,Zheng1993,Liang&Jia1994,Yin
Mistshenko1951,Yin&Xia2003). etal.1996,Yin&Xia2003).Allspeciesofthe
ItdiffersfromthegenusMongolotettixin:lat- genusaredistributedinnorthernChina(Fig.1).
eralcarinaeofpronotumdistinctormoredistinct; In this paper, a new species of the genus
elytra of male with irregular quadrilateral cell; ConfusacrisisdescribedfromtheXinjiangUigur
firstsegmentofhindtarsusdistinctlylongerthan Autonomous Region of China. A key to the
thirdone(Yin&Li1987,Yin&Xia2003).The known species of the genus Confusacris is pre-
genus with four descripbed species affiliates to sented.
ENTOMOL.FENNICAVol.18 (cid:127) AnewspeciesofConfusacris,withakey 207
Fig.1.DistributionofthespeciesofthegenusConfusacrisYin&Li,1987innorthernChina.(cid:1)=C.brachypterus
Yin&Li,1987.(cid:2)=C.xinganensisLi&Zheng,1993.(cid:1)=C.unicolorYin&Li,1987.(cid:3)=C.xinjiangensisWang
&Zhengsp.n.(cid:2)=C.liminophilaLiang&Jia,1994.
2.Materialandmethods Eyes1.75timesaslongassubocularfurrowin
male,or1.3timesaslongassubocularfurrow
Morphological techniques and terminology fol- infemale.Epiphalluswithtwopairsoflophi,
low Xia et al. (1994). Specimens examined are outerlophiU-shaped,innerlophismall,ball-
deposited in the Institute of Zoology, Shaanxi shaped; anterior projection triangularly pro-
NormalUniversity(IZSNU),Xi’an.Thephallic jected.Aroliumreachingthemiddleofclaws.
complexandepiphalluswerestoredin70%alco- Bodyyellow-brown(China:Ningxia)
hol.Photographsofspecimensweretakenwitha brachypterusYin&Li,1987
Nikon Coolpix995. Digital images were im- 3. Terminal tergum of male abdomen with
portedintoAdobePhotoshop5.0forlabelingand cauda.(China:InnerMongolia)
platecomposition. limnophilaLiang&Jia,1994
Terminal tergum of male abdomen without
cauda 4
3.Keytotheknownspeciesofthe 4. Prozona1.3–1.35timesaslongasmetazona
genusConfusacrisYin&Li,1987 in male. Elytra of male extending beyond
middleofhindfemur.Hindmarginoftergum
1. Prozonaofmalepronotumlonger,1.6times ofmaleperiproctconcavenearthebase.Body
aslongasmetazona 2 larger,robust.(China:Heilongjiang)
Prozonaofmalepronotumshorter,1.2–1.35 xinganensisLi&Zheng,1993
timesaslongasmetazona 3 Prozona 1.2 times as long as metazona in
2. Eyes1.2–1.3timesaslongassubocularfur- male. Elytra of male not quite reaching or
rowinmale,orslightlyshorterthansubocular reachingthemiddleofhindfemur.Hindmar-
furrowinfemale.Epiphalluswithtwopairsof ginoftergumofmaleperiproctstriaghtnear
lophi, outer lophi large and bulging, inner thebase.Bodysmall.(China:InnerMongo-
lophi small, pointedly trapezoidal; anterior lia) unicolorYin&Li,1987
projection bulging, apex rounded. Arolium
slightlysurpassingapexofclaws.Bodyolive
green.(China:Xinjiang)
xinjiangensisWang&Zhengsp.n.
208 Wang&Zheng (cid:127) ENTOMOL.FENNICAVol.18
Table1.ComparisonofConfusacrisxinjiangensissp.n.withtworelatedspeciesofthegenus.
Characters C.brachypterus C.xinjiangensis C.unicolorYin&Li
Yin&Li Wang&Zhengsp.n.
Prozonaofmale 1.6timesaslongas 1.6timesaslongas 1.2timesaslongas
pronotum metazona metazona metazona
Longitudinal 1.75timesaslongas 1.2–1.3timesaslong 1.41timesaslongas
diameterofeyes subocularfurrow assubocularfurrow subocularfurrow
(male)or1.3timesas (male),orslightly (male),orslightly
longassubocular shorter(female) shorterthansubocular
furrow(female)
Colorationofbody Yellow-brown Olivegreen Olivegreen
Elytraofmale Notextendingtoone- Extendingtoone- Notquitereachingor
thirdofhindfemur thirdofhindfemur reachingthemiddle
ofhindfemur
Hindmarginof Straightnearthe Concavenearthe Straightnearthe
tergumofmale base,withtwosmall base,withoutcauda base,withoutcauda
periproct roundedcauda
Arolium Reachingthemiddle Slightlysurpassing Slightlysurpassing
ofclaws apexofclaws apexofclaws
Epiphallus OuterlophiU-shaped, Outerlophilargeand OuterlophiU-shaped,
innerlophiball-shaped; bulging,innerlophi innerlophiball-shaped;
anteriorprojection pointedlytrapezoidal; anteriorprojection
triangularlyprojected anteriorprojection bulging,apexpointed
bulging,apexrounded
4.Descriptionofthenewspecies, segmentsabout1.7timesaslongaswide.Eyes
Confusacrisxinjiangensis oval,longitudinaldiameterabout1.6–1.75times
Wang&Zhengsp.n.(Figs.2–3) as its horizontal diameter and 1.2–1.3 times as
longassubocularfurrow.Pronotumtectiform,its
Diagnosis. The new species is allied to C. bra- anteriormarginstraight,anteriormarginandpos-
chypterusandC.unicolor.Themajordifferences teriormarginofpronotumstraight.Mediancarina
arelistedinTable1. and lateral carinae of pronotum distinct, lateral
Typematerials.Holotypes:1#,1$,China: carinae thicker and nearly parallel; posterior
HuochengCounty,XinjiangUigurAutonomous transversesulcussituatedbehindthemiddlepart
Region (44°11’N, 80°54’4’’E), 1,000–1,400 m ofpronotum,lengthofprozona1.6timesaslong
a.s.l., 26.VII.2004 (Yanfeng Wang, Liang Yang as metazona; anterior transverse and median
and Ling Zhang, coll.); Paratypes: 1 #, 4 $$, transverse sulcus faint in dorsal view, posterior
samedataasholotype. transverse sulcus distinct, slightly curved and
Descriptions.Male(Fig.2c,d).Bodyslender, crossing median carina. Width of mesosternal
small. Head slightly shorter than pronotum. interspace slightly larger than its length; meta-
Fronsobliqueinprofile,frontalridgewithlongi- sternumlobesseparated.Elytrashortwithirregu-
tudinal groove; lateral margins of frontal ridge lar quadrilateralcellin apicalpart, extending to
nearlyparallelbeforemedianocellusandgradu- one-thirdofhindfemur;apexofelytraconcave
ally widened toward clypeus. Apex of vertex medially (Fig. 2b); medial area slightly wider
rounded and blunt with distinct median carina. thancubitalarea;hindwingsreduced,concaved
Fastigial foveolae absent. Antennae ensiform, and fused to the thorax. Basal part of femoral
longerthanheadandpronotumtogether,middle stridulatory file forms double lines, teeth cone-
ENTOMOL.FENNICAVol.18 (cid:127) AnewspeciesofConfusacris,withakey 209
Fig.2.Photographsof
C.xinjiangensissp.n.
–a.Bodyoffemale,
dorsalview.–b.Elytron
ofmale,lateralview.
–c.Bodyofmale,lat-
eralview.–d.Bodyof
male,dorsalview.–e.
Bodyoffemale,dorsal
view.
shaped. Apex of lower kneelobe sharp and riormarginofpronotum,basalsegmentslightly
rounded. Hind tibia with 15–16 spines on outer widened, middle segments about 1.3 times as
side and 14 spines on inner side, without outer long as wide. Eyes small, longitudinal diameter
apical spine, first segment of hind tarsus dis- slightlyshorterthansubocularfurrow.Prozonaof
tinctlylongerthanthirdsegment.Aroliumwide, pronotumabout1.4timeslongerthanmetazona.
slightlysurpassingapexofclaws.Tympanalor- Mesosternalinterspace1.1timesaslongaswide.
ganpresent,oblong,oval.Terminaltergumofab- Elytra squamiform, widely separated in dorsal
domendeeplyincisedanddividedmedially.Hind view,apexacute,reachingorslightlyextending
marginoftergumofperiproctwithconcavenear beyond second abdominal tergum; medial area
thebase,withoutcauda(Fig.3b).Epiprocttrian- withoutintercalaryvein,itswidthslightlylarger
gular,basalpartwithmedianlongitudinalgroove. thancubitalarea’s. Hindwingsabsent. Apexof
Cercuslong,conical,2.7timesaslongasitsbasal lower kneelobe sharp, basal part of femoral
part, apex extending to apex of epiproct. Sub- stridulatory file not forming double lines. Hind
genitalplatelongandconical,slightlynarrowed tibiawith13spinesonouterside,withoutouter
towardapex.Epiphallusbridge-shaped(Fig.3c); apicalspine.Abdominaltergawithmedianlongi-
anchoraeflexed,pointed;withtwopairsoflophi; tudinal carina. Cercus short, twice as long as
outerlophilargeandbulging,innerlophismall, wide, extending not to apex of epiproct. Ovi-
pointedly trapezoidal; anterior projection bulg- positorslender,itsapicalpartsacute,outermar-
ing,apexrounded;phalliccomplexisverysimi- ginsofdorsalvalvesandventralvalveswithfine
lartothatofC.brachypterusasillustratedinFig. denticles,uppermarginsofdorsalvalveswithout
3a. concave. Posterior margin of subgenital plate
Female (Fig. 2a, e). Body more robust than withangularlyprojectioninmiddlepart.
thatofmale,mediumsize.Frontalridgewithlon- Coloration. Male. Body olivegreen. Anten-
gitudinalshallowgroove;lateralmarginsoffron- naegreen-brown.Vertexwithdarkstriperunning
tal ridge nearly parallel before median ocellus from eyes to joint between vertex and lateral
and gradually widened bellow median ocellus. carinaeofpronotum.Elytrabrown-greenatbasal
Antennae sharply ensiform, not reaching poste- half, rest green-yellow. Hind femur dark, olive
210 Wang&Zheng (cid:127) ENTOMOL.FENNICAVol.18
Fig.3.Genitaliaand
tergumofperiproctof
C.xinjiangensissp.n.,
male.–a.Phalliccom-
plex,dorsalview.–b.
Tergumofperiproct,
dorsalview.–c.Epi-
phallus,dorsalview.
Scalebars1mm.
greenonouterside,genicularlobedark,yellow- Li,D.Z.&Zheng,Z.M.1993:Anewspeciesofthegenus
brown.Hindtibiagreenbasally.Subgenitalplate Confusacris(Orthoptera:Acridoidea)fromHeilong-
jiangProvince,China.–Entomotaxonomia15(1):6–
yellow-brown.
8.
Female. Precostal area of elytra with black-
LiangG.Q.&JiaF.L.1994:Twonewspeciesofgrasshop-
brownline;otherwisecolorationasmale. persfromInnerMongolia,China(Orthoptera:Acri-
Measurement.Body:male12.1–14.4mm,fe- doidea).–ActaEntomol.Sinica37(3):334–337.
male 23.0–25.9 mm; pronotum: male 3.0–3.1 Otte,D.&NaskreckiP.2006:OrthopteraSpeciesOnline
mm, female 3.8–4.3 mm; elytron: male 5.8–7.0 (Version 2.2). [www document]. URL http//vice-
roy.eeb.uconn.edu/Orthoptera. (accessed 2006/06/
mm,female3.9–4.8mm;hindfemur:male10.1–
26).
11mm,female12.2–14.1mm.
RehnJ.A.G.1928:Ontherelationshipsofcertainnewor
Habitat.C.xinjiangensissp.n.occursinwa- previouslyknowngeneraoftheAcridinegroupChry-
tershedlandscapesofGuozigouMountainArea, sochraontes(Orthoptera,Acrididae).—Proc.Acad.
Huochengcounty(1,100–1,400ma.s.l.).Itshab- Nat.Sci.80:189–205.
Xia,K.L.,JinX.B.,Chen,Y.L.,Huang,C.M.,Liu,J.P.,
itats are dominated by grasses, predominantly
Yin,X.C.,Zheng,Z.M.,Xi,G.S.,Lian,Z.M.,You,
Aneurolepidium chinesis (Trin.) Kitag. and Po-
Q.J.,Zhang,F.L.1994:FaunaSinica,Insecta,Vol.4,
tentillabifurcaL.whichcoverupto60%ofthe Orthoptera: Acridoidea, Pamphagidae, Chrotogoni-
ground. dae, Pyrgomorphidae. – Science Press, Beijing. pp.
Etymology.Thespecificnameisanouninap- 30–160.
position,basedonthetypelocality. Yin,X.C.&Li,B.P.1987:Thedescriptionsoftwonew
generaandtwonewspeciesofAcrididaefromChina.
—Zool.Res.8(1):85–88.
Acknowledgements. We are very grateful to Prof. Xu
Yin,X.C.,Shi,J.P.&Yin,Z.1996:ASynonymicCatalo-
Sheng-Quan (the Institute of Zoology, Shaanxi Normal
gueofGrasshoppersandTheirAlliesoftheWorld,–
University,China)forhisassistanceintakingphotographs
ChinaForestryPublishingHouse,Beijing.187pp.
appearinginthispaper.
Yin,X.C.&Xia,K.L.2003:FaunaSinica,Insecta,Vol.
32,Orthoptera:Acridoidea,GomphoceridaeandAcri-
didae.–SciencePress,Beijing.pp.137—160.
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