A New Record of Polystichum otomasui Sa. Kurata (Dryopteridaceae) from Fujian Province, China

2011·0.64 MB·English

by  Su-Juan Lin

April 2011 Journal of Japanese Botany Vol. 86 No.2 115
J. Jpn. Bot. 86: 115–119 (2011)
Su-Juan lina,*, Takeshi suzukib, Atsushi ebiharac, Haisheng lud, Jianqiu liud,
Sugong Wue and Kunio iwatsukib: A New Record of Polystichum otomasui Sa.
Kurata (Dryopteridaceae) from Fujian Province, China
aDepartment of Biological Science, Faculty of Life and Environmental Science, Shimane University, Nishikawatsu
1060, Matsue, Shimane, 690-8504 JAPAN
bMuseum of Nature and Human Activities, Hyogo, 6, Yayoigaoka, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1546 JAPAN
cDepartment of Botany, National Museum of Nature and Science, 4-1-1, Amakubo, Tsukuba, 305-0005 JAPAN
dCollege of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108 P. R. CHINA
eKunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132, Lanheilu, Kunming, Yunnan, 650204 P. R.
CHINA
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Summary: Polystichum otomasui Sa. Kurata, which and humid floors along small streams, under
had been regarded as an endemic fern to Japan, was mixed Phyllostachys heterocycla, Lithocarpus
discovered in the Wuyi Mountains, Fujian Province, and Tsuga evergreen forests. The field research
South East China. Cytological investigations
area was further enlarged to Mt. Emeifeng (1714
confirmed that the new collections were sexual
m alt., 27°03′N, 116°48′E), the southwestern
diploids with a chromosome number of 2n = 82 (x =
part of the Wuyi Mountains (Fig. 1) in 2008,
41) and there were 64 spores per sporangium. These
where a big population (more than a hundred
morphological data (including spore perispores)
individuals) was found on a path slope under the
accorded with the characteristics of the Japanese
Polystichum otomasui. broadleaf evergreen forest.
A comparative study was carried out
The evergreen fern Polystichum otomasui between the Chinese collections and Japanese
Sa. Kurata (Dryopteridaceae) was known as a Polystichum otomasui, and the specimens
Japanese endemic, distributed in an extremely collected from the Wuyi Mountains were
restricted area on humus-rich floor of mountain confirmed to be P. otomasui, which is a new
forest in Kyusyu, Japan (Kurata 1963, Nakaike record in China (Fig. 2).
1992, Iwatsuki 1992, Mitsushima et al. 2009).
In our field researches on “The comparative Morphology
study of evergreen forests of Japan and Southern Polystichum otomasui is closely related to
China” during 2006–2007, thirteen plants of P. makinoi (Tagawa) Tagawa. It was described
Polystichum that resembled the Japanese P. as having shining blackish scales on stipes
otomasui were collected from three populations and rachis; sori medial on pinnules of upper
in Wuyishan National Nature Reserve, Fujian pinnae and marginal on auricles of pinnules
province. One population with only several of lower pinnae or sometimes only one sorus
plants was found on a light slope by a stream preferentially on each auricle at basal acroscopic
under a secondary Lithocarpus forest of side of pinnules; indusia entire (Kurata 1963,
Xianfengling at 1500 m altitude, and another Nakaike 1992, Iwatsuki et al. 1995). The
two populations with more than ten individuals morphological characters of the plants from the
each were found in an Old Tree Village (1100 m Wuyi Mountains accord with above mentioned
alt.) and Tongmuguan (1700 m alt.) in the shady characters of Japanese P. otomasui (Fig. 2).
116 植物研究雑誌　第86巻　第2号 2011年4月
Fig. 1. Map of Fujian Province, South East China. Dotted circle. Area of Fujian Wuyi Mountains. Solid square ( ■ ).
Collection sites in China. Solid triangle (▲). Collection locality of Kumamoto Pref., Japan.
The fundamental similarities between the cytologically. All of them have the same somatic
Chinese specimens and Japenese P. otomasui chromosome number of 2n = 82 (Fig. 4). In
(from Kumamoto Pref., 071112-55) were addition, two samples (Lin & al. 060816-6,
also confirmed by SEM observations of the 060816-9) were estimated to be diploid based on
spores (Fig. 3). The spores of both samples are the genome size estimated by a flow cytometer.
monolete, about 29 µm × 36 µm, ellipsoidal, All twenty samples collected from the Wuyi
and echinate fenestrate and more or less cristae Mountains were counted to have 64 spores
in perispore, although there are some more in each sporangium. Based on these results,
or less discernable difference in the surface the Chinese samples were identified with P.
appearance which could be explained as otomasui, a diploid sexual species. It was named
intraspecific variation between populations due ‘Nanbi Erjue’ as Chinese name.
to geographical isolation.
Three related species, P. makinoi (Tagawa)
Cytology Tagawa, P. acutipinnulum Ching & Shing, and
The basic number of chromosomes in the P. wuyishanense Ching & Shing were recorded
genus Polystichum was reported to be x = 41 in the vascular plant checklist of Wuyishan
(Manton 1950, Daigobo 1973). Daigobo (1973) National Nature Reserve (Lin et al. 1993).
reported that the Japanese P. otomasui was a Polystichum makinoi is a tetraploid species
sexual diploid with a chromosome number of (Kurita 1966, Mitui 1968), morphologically
n = 41. Two samples from Wuyishan Nature distinguished by lacking black scales on rachis,
Reserve (Lin & al. 070814-1, 070814-2) and sori distributed on apical portion of laminae
another two from Emeifeng mountain (Lin downwardly on auricles of pinnules in lower
& al. 080812-42, 080812-50) were observed pinnae (Daigobo 1971, Iwatsuki et al. 1995), and
April 2011 Journal of Japanese Botany Vol. 86 No.2 117
Fig. 2. Polystichum otomasui from Wuyishan National Nature Reserve, Fujian Province, China.
spore about 50 µm × 60 µm (Lin unpublished). 0608Lin-1, 0608Lin-2, 0608Lin-5, 0608Lin-6, 0608Lin-
However, P. acutipinnulum is a Chinese 9 (FNU, KUN, HYO, TNS). Tongmuguan, 1700 m alt.,
on a humid slope under a bamboo forest, 2007, Lin & al.
endemic species, the type specimens were also
070814-1, 070814-2, 070814-36, 070814-37, 070814-38,
collected from Tongmuguan, Wuyishan National
070814-39, 070814-46 (FNU and Herb. Faculty of Life and
Nature Reserve (Ching 1981), is very similar Environmental Science, Shimane University, Japan).
to P. otomasui morphologically, but different Taining Prefecture: Emeifeng mountain, 1714 m alt.,
on the way to Emeifeng Nature Reserve, on a path slope
in its falcate deltoid pinnules and indusia with
under broad leaf evergreen forest, 2008, Lin & al. 080812-
irregular projections. Polystichum wuyishanense
4, 080812-7, 080812-11, 080812-13, 080812-20, 080812-
has not been recognized as a distinct species, 21, 080812-33, 080812-39，080812-40, 080812-42,
which was included in P. acutipinnulum by 080812-44, 080812-45, 080812-46, 080812-50 (FNU, and
Kung et al. (2001). Herb. Faculty of Life and Environmental Science, Shimane
University, Japan).
Cytological and genetic information of
the Chinese Polystichum is unsatisfactory for
We would like to express our thanks to
understanding the relationships among these
curators of Wuyishan National Nature Reserve,
species. Further systematic researches are
Fujian Forestry Bureau for permitting our field
expected.
investigation on Wuyishan National Nature
Voucher specimens from Fujian Province: Reserve.
Wuyishan National Nature Reserve: on the way We thank Dr. A. Ohshima and Ms. M.
from Tongmuguan to an Old Tree Village, 1100 m alt., Nagamoto for their technical assistance and help
2006, Lin & al. 060816-6 (FNU, KUN, HYO, TNS); near
during field work. Thanks are also due to Dr.
by the Observation Tower of Xianfengling Peak, 1500 m
Mei Sun for her useful comments and help with
alt., and on the way to Sangang, on a humid & light slope
near a stream under a secondary forest, 2006, Lin & al. revising the manuscript.
118 植物研究雑誌　第86巻　第2号 2011年4月
Fig. 3. SEM photos of spores, showing perispore sculpture. A, B. Sample from Mt. Emeifeng, Taining, Fujian Prov., China
(Lin & al. 080812-13). C, D. Sample from Kumamoto Pref., Japan (Nagamoto & al. 07111255).
The curators of FNU, HUH, HYO, KUN, of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports,
KYO, TI and TNS are acknowledged for their Science and Technology of Japan (project no.
kind permission to examine specimens during 18405014 for K. Iwatsuki and no. 19570087 for
this study, and the Department of Organismic S.-J. Lin).
and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University,
is acknowledged for offering S.-J. Lin (the senior References
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