A new genus and species of Eulophidae (Hymenoptera) from Costa Rica with notes on the genus PDF
Preview A new genus and species of Eulophidae (Hymenoptera) from Costa Rica with notes on the genus
— — PROC. ENTOMOL. SOC. WASH. 102(2), 2000, pp. 403-407 A NEW GENUS AND SPECIES OF EULOPHIDAE (HYMENOPTERA) FROM COSTA RICA WITH NOTES ON THE GENUS Michael E. Schauff Systematic Entomology Laboratory, PSI, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Depart- ment of Agriculture, % National Museum of Natural History, MRC 168, Washington, DC 20560-0168, U.S.A. (e-mail: [email protected]) — Abstract. Ogmoelachertus, new genus, with type species O. mandibularis, new spe- cies (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) are described. This species is a parasitoid of Mnasicles hicetaon Godman (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae) in Costa Rica. Notes on the relationship of this genus to others in the Eulophinae are given. Key Words: taxonomy, systematics, Chalcidoidea, parasitoid, new species, Eulophidae As part of ecological studies on parasit- grooves indicated by line offoveae curving oids of free-living lepidopterous larvae in inward at posterior margin and meeting me- Costa Rica, specimens came to my attention dially; propodeum (Figs. 4, 6) with com- that I was unable to assign to any described plete median carina flanked laterally by ir- species. Because of a unique suite of char- regular sublateral carinae. acters and to provide a name to allow fur- Description. Female. Head: Occiput, ther study of the biology of the parasitoid, vertex, and eyes covered by scattered small I am taking this opportunity to describe spe- setae. Malar suture complete. Antenna with cies. 4 funicular segments and 3-segmented cla- Morphological terminology follows that va. of Gibson (1997). Abbreviations for muse- Thorax: Pronotum (Figs. 2, 5) with ums are: (INBIO) Instituto Nacional de slightly enlarged paired setae along poste- Biodiversidad, Santo Domingo de Heredia, rior margin. Notauli complete. Scutellum Costa Rica; (USNM) National Museum of with lateral grooves present as a series of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, reticulate cells, curving inward posteriorly Washington DC, USA; (BMNH) The Nat- and meeting medially. Notauli complete. ural History Museum, London, UK. Scutellum with lateral grooves present as a series of reticulate foveae, curving inward Ogmoelachertus Schauff, new genus posteriorly and meeting medially. Propo- Type species. Ogmoelachertus mandi- deum (Fig. 4) with complete median carina bularis Schauj—f. ending anteriorly in a slightly raised trian- Diagnosis. Mandibles each with a sin- gular extension which is invaginated me- gle rounded tooth (Fig. 3); postoccipital ca- dially, with several smaller carinae laterad rina present; mesoscutum with fine but of median caraina and below extension. complete notauli and covered by numerous Median propodeum distinctly elevated scattered setae, with the enlarged meso- above lateral surface. Spiracle ovoid, with scutal setae restricted to posterolateral mar- one or two setae medial to opening. Callus gin (Fig. 5); scutellum with sublateral with a complete line of setae, posteriorly — 404 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON with a distinct supracoxal flange. Upperand gle tooth. Species of Euplectrini generally lower mesepimeron divided by complete have the mandibles reduced, not meeting transepimeral suture. Petiole transverse. medially, and are rounded without any ob- Metasoma: Ventrally with hypopygium vious teeth. Specimens of Aroplectrusfla- extending about half length. vescens (Crawford) have mandibles some- Forewing: Postmarginal vein a longer what similar to Ogmoelachertus. In A. fla- than stigmal, with a complete line of setae vescens, however, the oral opening is very on leading margin ofcostal cell. Basal setal small due to the abrupt narrowing of the line and cubital setal line complete. head below the eyes. Because of this nar- Legs: Hind tibia apically with two stout rowing, the small mandibles come much spines, each s—horter than basitarsus. closer to touching medially than in other Etymology. The genus name is a com- euplectrines I have examined. However, the bination of Ogmos (meaning furrow) and mandibles themselves are still very small Elachertus and refers to the furrows on the and I do not consider this to be homologous scutellum. Gender masculine. to the condition in Ogmoelachertus. Comparison to other genera of Euplec- Genera ofElachertini generally have well trini and Elachertini. Ogmoelachertus is developed mandibles that meet medially very similar to Elachertus, Hyssopus, Cris- and have either 3 distinct teeth or some telacher, Diglyphomorpha, and Deutereu- combination of larger teeth with several lophus which all have the lateral grooves smaller teeth dorsally (e.g., Sympiesomor- on the scutellum complete, curved inward pha brasiliensis Ashmead and Diglypho- posteriorly, and meeting medially along the morpha aurea (Howard)). Hoplocrepis, an- hind margin, although in most species in other poorly known eulophine genus, and these genera the grooves are expressed as species of Eulophus also have reduced fine lines and not foveae and in Diglypho- mandibles similar to those ofEuplectrini. In morpha aurea the lines do not quite meet summary, Ogmoelachertus exhibits char- medially. The notauli in all these genera are acters which seem intermediate between complete and the propodeum has a simple, elachertines and euplectrines. However, complete median carina (in Cristelacherthe given that enlarged hind tibial spurs are still carina is expanded anteriorly into a cup considered the defining synapomorphy for shaped structure). The arrangement of ca- Euplectrini, Ogmoelachertus would be rinae on the propodeum of Ogmoelachertus placed among the elachertines. is unique among genera in this group, con- Comp—arison to other Costa Rican Eulo- sisting of a median carina flanked by irreg- phidae. There are no recent keys to genera ular costulae and the dorsal "cup" with a of Eulophidae for Central or South Ameri- y-shaped invagination along it anterioredge ca, although the Costa Rican Eulophidae (see arrow on Fig. 6) (this margin is entire were summarized with a key to the subfam- in the other genera). This arrangement is ilies by LaSalle and Schauff(1995). Genera very similar to Diglyphomorpha, but that known to occur in Costa Rica include genus has a somewhat different pattern of Elachertus, Hyssopus, Deutereulophus, and carinae and there is no dorsal invagination Platyplectrus. In the recent key to Nearctic of the median carina. genera of Eulophidae (Schauff et al. 1997), The presence of a postoccipital carina Ogmoelachertus would key to couplet 34. can be found in a few otherelachertines and At that point, the key would fail because euplectrines (e.g., Cristelacher and Platy- the characters do not match Hoplocrepis plectrus), but is absent in the other genera and in the second part of the couplet the cited above. statement "head without obvious occipital The mandibles of O. mandibularis are carina" does not fit Ogmoelachertus (al- small, not meeting medially and with a sin- though it could be confused for the postoc- — VOLUME NUMBER 102, 2 405 cipital carina by some users). If one fol- rina, with scattered setae, rugosely reticu- lowed this option, however, specimens of late. Mesoscutum (Fig. 5) reticulate, be- Ogmoelachertus would run to couplet 40 coming smoother, and shinier posteriorly, {Elachertus and Diglyphomorpha). Digly- with 3 pairs of enlarged setae along poste- phomorpha has no postoccipital carina and, rior margin (one pairjust medial to notauli, as mentioned above, Elachertus has a sim- two pairs laterally on side lobe). Notauli ple median carina with no anterior expan- present as fine grooves. Dorsal axillar/scu- sion or other carinae. Ogmoelachertus is tellar margin with broad, curved, deep fur- similar in many respects to Platyplectrus row. Axillae reticulate. Scutellum shiny and which has submedian grooves on the scu- reticulate to alutaceous, lateral cells larger. tellum and a simple median propodeal ca- Metanotum bordered anteriorly by a narrow rina and which is assigned to the Euplec- band of small alveoli, medially reticulate trini (Schauff and LaSalle 1993). (Fig. 4). Propodeum (Figs. 4, 6) with com- plete median carina ending anteriorly as a Ogmoelachertus mandibularis Schauff, slightly raised triangular extension invagi- new species nated medially and with several smaller ca- (Figs. 1-6) rinae laterad of median carina and below Description. Female: Body length 2.4 extension, median propodeum distinctly el- mm. Color: body mostly black except the evated above lateral surface, laterally with following: face dark brown, slightly lighter paired diverging carinae anteriorly at junc- under toruli; antenna with scape yellow, fla- tion with raised projection, with curved gellum light brown; mandible light brown; sublateral carinae and costula. Median ca- legs light yellow to white except hind coxa rina with anterior cuplike flange reduced, dark brown to black; dorsally metasoma rounded, and invaginated. Spiracle ovoid, with large central yellow area extending with 10-12 setae laterad and below spiracle from just behind petiole posteriorly about and with one or two setae medially. Poste- one third length of dorsum. rior propodeal margin with distinct supra- Head: Weakly reticulate over most of coxal flange. Upper and lower mesepime- surface, nearly smooth under toruli and un- ron divided by complete transepimeral sul- der eye. Slightly more heavily sculptured cus. Petiole in dorsal view wider than long, and slightly indented above and laterad of smooth, with posterior transverse carina. clypeus (Fig. 3). Occiput, vertex, and eye Metasoma: Ovate, about 1.2X as long as with numerous scattered setae (Fig. 1). wide in dorsal view. Hypopygium extend- Postoccipital carina present, complete al- ing about half length of metasoma. Ovipos- though weak medially. Occiput with weak itor sheaths not exserted past tip of meta- carina medially. Ratio of width of eye: soma. width of face 1 1:30. Ratio of malar space: Forewing: Hyaline, about 2.5X as long eye height 11:32, lateral ocellus slightly as wide. Postmarginal vein longer than stig- more than 1 diameter from eye (OD:OOD mal vein, with a complete line of setae on 6:8). Face below eyes rounded, not abruptly leading margin of costal cell, basal and cu- narrowing. Toruli separated from each other bital setal lines complete. Ratio of submar- by about 2X their own diameter. Malar su- ginal:marginal:postmarginal:stigmal veins ture present, complete. Mandibles meeting 30:30:15:10. Costal cell with complete row medially, each with single, blunt tooth (Fig. of setae along anterior margin. 3). Scape 5X as long as wide. Ratio of fu- Legs: Hind coxa reticulate. Hind tibia nicle segments/clava 14:10:10:9:17, width apically with two stout spines, each shorter of flagellum ranging from 7 at first flagellar than basitarsus. segment to 8 at clava. Male: —Unknown. Thorax: Pronotum without transverse ca- Types. Holotype 9 with label data: Cos- 406 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON Figs. 1—6. Scanning electron micrographs of Ogmoelachertiis mcmdibidaris. \, Face, frontal view. 2, Head and anterior thorax. 3, Lower face and mandibles. 4, Propodeum. 5, Mesoscutum and scutellum. 6, Propodeum, lateral view. ta Rica. Guanacaste, Area de Conservacion hicetaon Godman (Lepidoptera: Hesperi- Guanacaste, Quebrada Aserradero, 160 m, idae). — Lambert North 320050, Lambert South Etymology. The species epithet refers 365300, 12/06/94. Deposited in INBIO; 3 9 to the distinctive rounded mandibles each paratypes with same data as holotype de- with only a single tooth. USNM BMNH posited in —(2) and (1). Acknowledgments Distribution. This species is known only fro—m the type locality. I thank Dr. Dan Janzen for access to Host. Reared from larvae of Mnasicles reared specimens from Costa Rica. Dr. John VOLUME 102, NUMBER 2 407 Bums identified the host species. Ms. Tami LaSalle, J. and M. E. Schauff. 1995. The Chalcidoid Carlow provided valuable support with families. Eulophidae, pp. 315-329. In Hanson, P. SEM photographs. Drs. John Huber, Stuart andL D. Gauld,eds.. HymenopteraofCostaRica. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK. 893 pp. McKamey, and David Smith provided valu- Schauff, M. E. and J. LaSalle. 1993. Nomenclatural able comments on the draft of the manu- notes on genera of North American Eulophidae script. (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 95: 488- Literature Cited 503. Gibson, G. A. P. 1997. Chapter 2, Morphology and Schauff. M. E..J. LaSalle,andL.Coote. 1997.Chapter terminology, pp. 16-44. In Gibson, G. A. P. etal., 10, Eulophidae, pp. 327-430. In Gibson, G. A. R eds.. Annotated Keys to the Genera of North etal.,eds.. AnnotatedKeystotheGeneraofNorth American Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera). NRC Re- American Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera). NRC Re- search Press, Ottawa, 794 pp. search Press, Ottawa, 794 pp.
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