A new cave-dwelling species of Bisetocreagris Ćurčić (Arachnida, Pseudoscorpiones: Neobisiidae) from Yunnan Province, China

2019·1.8 MB·

by  Yun-Chun Li

©EntomologicaFennica.30November2017
Anew cave-dwelling species of Bisetocreagris (cid:1)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:6)
(Arachnida, Pseudoscorpiones: Neobisiidae)
from Yunnan Province, China
Yun-ChunLi,Ai-MinShi&HuaiLiu*
Li,Y.-C.,Shi,A.-M.&Liu,H.2017:Anewcave-dwellingspeciesofBiseto-
creagris(cid:1)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:6)(Arachnida,Pseudoscorpiones:Neobisiidae)fromYunnanPro-
vince,China.—Entomol.Fennica28:212–218.
Anewpseudoscorpionspecies,BisetocreagrisxiaoensisLi&Liu,sp.n.,isde-
scribed and illustrated from specimens collected in caves in Yanjin County,
YunnanProvince,China.Anidentificationkeyisprovidedtoallknowncave-
dwellingrepresentativesofthegenusBisetocreagrisintheworld.
Y.-C.Li,CollegeofPlantProtection,SouthwestUniversity,Beibei,Chongqing
400700,China;E-mail:[email protected]
A.-M.Shi,KeyLaboratoryofSouthwestChinaWildlifeResourcesConservation,
InstituteofRareAnimals&Plants,ChinaWestNormalUniversity,Nanchong,
Sichuan637009,China;E-mail:[email protected]
H.Liu(*Correspondingauthor),CollegeofPlantProtection,SouthwestUniver-
sity,Beibei,Chongqing400700,China;E-mail:[email protected]
Received12May2017,accepted10July2017
1.Introduction exteriorsub-basaltrichobothriabeinglocatedon
the lateral distal side of the hand, thus five
Thepseudoscorpionsubfamily Microcreagrinae trichobothriaaregroupedbasally(Mahnert&Li
BalzanbelongstothefamilyNeobisiidaeCham- 2016).
berlin.Itisdividedinto32generawithonlythree Atpresent,thegenusBisetocreagriscontains
genera, Bisetocreagris (cid:1)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:6), 1983, Microcre- 35speciesand1subspeciesandiswidelydistrib-
agris Balzan, 1892 and Stenohya Beier, 1967 uted in Afghanistan, China, India, Japan, Kyr-
havingbeenreportedfromChina(Harvey2013, gyzstan,Mongolia,Nepal,Philippines,Pakistan,
Mahnert&Li2016). Russia, Tajikistan, Thailand, Uzbekistan and
The genus Bisetocreagris, with Microcre- Vietnam(Harvey2013,Mahnert&Li2016,Guo
agrisannamensiBeier,1951(byoriginaldesig- &Zhang2017).Sofar,21specieshavebeenre-
nation)(Harvey2013)asthetypespecies,ischar- ported from China (Table 1, including also the
acterized by the terminal exterior and interior newspeciesdescribedhere).Ofthespeciesthat
trichobothria situating near the tip of the distal havebeendescribed,mostliveinleaflitteroffo-
finger,thesub-terminalexteriortrichobothriabe- rests. However, nine species, the so-called
ingisolatedinthedistalhalfofthefixedfinger, cavernicolousspeciesor troglobitesand includ-
theinteriorbasal,interiorsub-basalandinterior ing the new one described here, are found in
sub-terminaltrichobothriabeinggroupedclosely Chinaonlyinfewcavescurrently.
togetheratthefingerbase,theexteriorbasaland During the identification of pseudoscorpion
ENTOMOL.FENNICAVol.28 (cid:127) AnewpseudoscorpionspeciesfromChina 213
Table1.Reported21speciesandanewspeciesofBisetocreagrisfromChina.
Species Distribution References
B.annamensis(Beier,1951) XishuangbannaCounty, Schawaller1995,
YunnanProvince Harvey2013
B.baozinensisMahnert&Li,2016 GulinCounty,SichuanProvince Mahnert&Li2016
B.cavernarumMahnert&Li,2016 BeibeiCounty,ChongqingProvince Mahnert&Li2016
B.cheniJia,Zhao&Zhu,2010 TongluCounty,ZhejiangProvince Harvey2013,Guo&Zhang2017
B.chinacavernicola(Schawaller,1995) HuayingCounty,SichuanProvince Mahnert&Li2016
B.chuanensisMahnert&Li,2016 XinhuaCounty,GuizhouProvince Mahnert&Li2016
B.indochinensis(Redikorzev,1938) XishuangbannaCounty, Schawaller1995,
YunnanProvince Harvey2013
B.juanxuaeMahnert&Li,2016 XinwenCounty,SichuanProvince Mahnert&Li2016
B.kaznakovi(Redikorzev,1918) RivièreTshok-tshioand Redikorzev1918,
MontsAmnenkor,XizangAutonomousRegion Guo&Zhang2017
B.kwantungensis(Beier,1967) TsinLeongSan,GuangdongProvince Beier1967,Harvey2013
B.lampra(Chamberlin,1930) WuyishanCounty,FujianProvince Schawaller1995,Harvey2013
B.martii(Mahnert,2003) ZhenxiongCounty,YunnanProvince Mahnert&Li2016
B.nankingensis(cid:1)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:6),1983 NanjingCounty,JiangsuProvince Schawaller1995,Harvey2013
B.orientalis(Chamberlin,1930) LinanCounty,ZhejiangProvince Harvey2013
B.parvaGuo&Zhang,2017 TongluCounty,ZhejiangProvince Guo&Zhang2017
B.scaurum(Mahnert,2003) ZhenxiongCounty,YunnanProvince Mahnert&Li2016
B.silvestrii(Chamberlin,1930) EmeiCounty,SichuanProvince; Schawaller1995,
HuaxiCounty,GuizhouProvince; Harvey2013
HenshanCounty,HunanProvince;
LinanCounty,ZhejiangProvince
B.thailandicaSchawaller,1994 XishuangbannaCounty,YunnanProvince Schawaller1995,Harvey2013
B.titanium(Mahnert,2003) ZhenxiongCounty,YunnanProvince Mahnert&Li2016
B.ussuriensis(Redikorzev,1934) ChangbaiCounty,JilinProvince Schawaller1995,
LaiyuanCounty,HebeiProvince Harvey2013
B.xiaoensisLi&Liu,sp.n. YanjinCounty,YunnanProvince Thisarticle
B.yangaeGuo&Zhang,2017 HuangshanCounty,AnhuiProvince Guo&Zhang2017
specimens collected from Yunnan Province in pacecorrespondtolength/breadth,thoseoflegs
2017, a new cavernicolous species of Biseto- to length/depth. The term “rallum” (for fla-
creagriswasfound,whichisdescribedhere. gellum)isadoptedfollowingJudson(2007).The
terminologyoftrichobothriafollowsChamberlin
(1931)andHarvey(1992),themeasurementsfol-
2.Materialsandmethods lowChamberlin(1931).
Thetypespecimensofthenewspeciesaswell
The new species was collected by hand from a asallthespecimensoftheotherstudiedspecies
caveunderrockswheretheplaceisveryhumid. aredepositedinthecollectionsoftheMuseumof
Thespecimenswereconservedin75%ethanol. Southwest University (MSWU), Chongqing
They were cleared in acid lactic for 12–24 h at City,China.
roomtemperatureandreturnedafterwashingin The following abbreviations are used in the
distilledwatertoalcoholafterexamination.The textforthetrichobothria:b=basal,eb=exterior
specimens were analyzed with a Leica M205C basal,esb=exteriorsubbasal,ib=interiorbasal,
stereomicroscope and Olympus BX51 general sb=sub-basal,isb=interiorsub-basal,t=termi-
opticalmicroscope. nal,et=exteriorterminal,it=interiorterminal,st
Themeasurementsaregiveninmm.Propor- =sub-terminal,ist=interiorsub-terminal,est=
tions and measurements of pedipalps and cara- exteriorsub-terminal.
214 Lietal. (cid:127) ENTOMOL.FENNICAVol.28
3.Taxonomy Yun-ChunLileg.Paratypes:7#and10$,same
dataasholotype.
FamilyNeobisiidaeChamberlin,1930 Diagnosis. Troglobiont habitus. Carapace
SubfamilyMicrocreagrinaeBalzan,1892 with 2 indistinct lense (anterior) eyes; carapace
GenusBisetocreagris(cid:1)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:6),1983 with6setaeonposteriormargin,tergiteIwith7
setae;chelicerawithteethofmovablefingeron
thickened lamella, rallum with 7–8 blades, the
distalonewithexpandedbase.Thenewspeciesis
3.1.MaterialofBisetocreagris
mostsimilartoB.scaurum(Mahnert,2003),but
speciesexamined
can be distinguished (new species vs. B. scau-
rum)fromthepinnatesetaeofcheliceralrallum
B. martii (Mahnert, 2003):1# and 2$, Yunnan
(8 vs. 9), chaetotaxy of tergites I (7 vs. 6) and
Province, Zhenxiong County, Wude town,
fixedfingerofpedipalps(163–171vs.105).
Xiao Guo Quan cave, 27°29.712’ N, 104°
Description. Male (Fig. 3a). Colouration:
44.678’E,1,301m,9.IV.2017,Yun-ChunLi
Carapace,pedipalpsandchelicerabrown,tergites
leg.
darker,legsslightlyyellowish.
B.titanium(Mahnert,2003):2$,YunnanProvin-
Carapace:With2(anterior) eyeswithindis-
ce,ZhenxiongCounty,Wudetown,XiaoGuo
tinctlense,about3.0–3.5diametersoftheante-
Quan cave, 27°29.712’ N, 104°44.678’ E,
rior margin; Anterior margin of carapace dis-
1,301m,9.IV.2017,Yun-ChunLileg.
tinctly narrow (Fig. 1a), 1.21–1.25 longer than
B.baozinensisMahnert&Li,2016:5#and6$,
broad,epistomeadistincttriangle,withsharped
Sichuan province, Gulin County, Yuhua
apices; chaetotaxy 6:9–10:4–5:6 (25–27),
town,BaoZicave,28.01458°N,106.05209°
anterolateralsetaemuchshorterthanothers.
E, 954 m, 22.IV.2014, Yun-Chun Li & Yu-
Tergalchaetotaxy:7:6:6:6:6:7:8:8:9:9:6–8(2
ChengLinleg.
tactile setae):4. Sternite III with anteromedian
B. juanxuaeMahnert & Li, 2016: 7# and 13$,
groove flanked by one small seta on each side,
Sichuan province, Xingwen County, Shihai
with19–20longsetae(5medialdiscalsetae)+4–
town,Daocave,28.18900°N,105.12118°E,
6 suprastigmal setae. IV–XII: 16–17:19–20:
840m,17.X.2015,Yun-ChunLileg.;5#and
18:18:16:16:13–14:3–4(2lateraltactilesetae):4.
9$, Sichuan province, Xingwen County,
Manducatory process rounded, with 5 (4–5 on
Shihai town, Tian Yang cave, 28.19094° N,
right side) marginal setae. Pedipalpal coxa with
105.13734°E,835m,18.X.2015,Yun-Chun
6–7setae,twolyrifissures,coxaI10–11,II6–7,
Lileg.
III 4–5, IV 11–12. Genital operculum of male
B.cavernarumMahnert&Li,2016:3#and5$,
(Fig.2h)with39–48setae,lateralmarginalsetae
Chongqing,Beibei,Jindaoxiatown,ErLong
longerthanmiddleones.
cave, 30.05539° N, 106.62385° E, 776 m,
Cheliceralpalm(Fig.2e):6–7long,withthin
8.X.2015,Yun-ChunLileg.
setae,ventrobasalsetashorterthanothers,palm
B.chuanensisMahnert&Li,2016:2#and1$,
withmoderatehispidgranulationdorsally.Fixed
Guizhou province, Jinsha County, Xinhua
cheliceral finger with 13–14 teeth, distal tooth
town, Chuan cave, 27°23.797’ N, 106°
largerthantheothers;movablefingerontheleft
06.104’E,1,387m,2.X.2015,Yun-ChunLi
with1(inthemiddle)–2setae(inthemiddleand
leg.
near distal 1/3), on the right only with 1 setae
(Fig. 2f), with 11–12 teeth, the medial ones on
thickenedlamella.Galea(Fig.2e–f):ashortslen-
3.2.DescriptionofBisetocreagrisxiaoensis dertransparentrodonleftchelicera.Serrulaexte-
Li&Liu,sp.n.(Figs1–3) rior with about 39–43 and serrula interior with
32–36 blades. Rallum composed of 7–8 blades
Typematerial.Holotype:#,China,YunnanPro- (Fig.10),distaloneseparatedandwithexpanded
vince,YanjinCounty,Doushatown,Xiaocave, base,proximaloneshort.
28°02.405’N,104°06.845’E,708m,11.IV.2017, Pedipalps (Fig. 2a–d): Longer and slenderer
ENTOMOL.FENNICAVol.28 (cid:127) AnewpseudoscorpionspeciesfromChina 215
Fig.1.Bisetocreagrisxiaoensissp.n.,maleholotypeandparatype.–a.Carapace.–b–d.LeftlegI,lateralview.
–e.ApoteleofleftlegI,lateralview.–f–h.RightlegIV,lateralview.–i.ApoteleofleftlegIV,lateralview.–j.
Rightrallum.Scalelines0.2mm.
thaninknownspecieslivinginforestsinleaflit- 7.84–10.36timeslongerthanbroad,femur0.93–
ter i.e. outside of caves, trochanter 2.81–3.40 0.98timeslongerthanpatella,chelawithpedicel
timeslongerthanbroad,distalfemurslightlyen- 8.10–8.78 times longer than broad, hand with
larged,6.92–7.61timeslongerthanbroad,patella pedicel3.71–3.96timeslongerthanbroad;mov-
216 Lietal. (cid:127) ENTOMOL.FENNICAVol.28
Fig.2.Bisetocreagrisxiaoensissp.n.,maleholotype(a–f,h),female(g,i).–a–b.Chela,antiaxialanddorsal
view.–c–d.Pedipalpfromtrochantertopatella,antiaxialview.–e.Leftchelicera.–f.Tipofmovablefingerof
rightchelicera,dorsalview.–g.Femaleleftcheliceralgalea,dorsalview.–h–i.Maleandfemalegenitalarea.
Scalelines0.2mm.
able finger 1.14–1.23 longer than hand (with ger than deep, tibia 8.31–12.44 times longer,
pedicel)length.Fixedfingerwith163–171small, basitarsus 4.05–5.92 times longer, telotarsus
cuspedteeth,movablefingerwith173–182teeth, 6.00–6.67 times longer than deep, telotarsus
rounded in basal fifth of finger; venom duct in 1.27–1.39 longer than basitarsus; leg IV: fe-
fixed finger, very short; 12 trichobothria (8+4), mur+patella 7.09–8.26 times longer than deep,
et-itatsamelevelnearfingertip,estslightlydistal femur shorter than patella, tibia 12.73–18.32
of finger middle, eb-esb on distal lateral hand times longer than deep, basitarsus 3.91–5.40
side,sbonmovablefingerdistinctlynearertob timeslonger,withtwotactilesetae(basally,TS=
thantost,stnearertotthantosb. 0.26–0.29; distally, TS= 0.29–0.31), telotarsus
Legs (Fig. 1b–i): Typical, elongate. Fine 7.76–7.85timeslongerthandeep,withatactile
granulation present on anterodorsal faces of setaenearmiddle(TS=0.41–0.43).
femora I, IVand patella IV. Leg I: femur 6.81– Measurements(inmm)(holotypeandparaty-
8.64timeslongerthandeepand1.37–1.55times pes): Body length 5.25–5.42; carapace (length/
longerthanpatella,patella5.41–6.17timeslon- breadth) 1.44–1.46/1.16–1.17. Pedipalps: tro-
ENTOMOL.FENNICAVol.28 (cid:127) AnewpseudoscorpionspeciesfromChina 217
Fig.3.HabitusofBisetocreagrisxiaoensissp.n.–a.Maleholotype(length5.42mm).–b.Paratypefemale
(length5.31mm).
chanter 1.19–1.20/0.35–0.37, femur 2.75– andwithslightlyexpandedbase.Measurements:
2.80/0.34–0.37, patella 2.74–3.00/0.26–0.38, Body length 5.31–6.53; carapace (length/
handwithpedicel1.96–2.08/0.50–0.56,lengthof breadth) 1.55–1.58/1.23–1.24. Pedipalps: tro-
finger 2.42–2.48, length of chela 4.39– chanter 1.29–1.34/0.40–0.41, femur 2.71–
4.56/0.50–0.56. Leg I: femur 1.32–1.35/0.16– 2.93/0.37–0.39, patella 2.98–3.02/0.42–0.43,
0.17, patella 0.91–0.99/0.16–0.17, tibia 1.29– handwithpedicel2.17–2.23/0.62–0.63,lengthof
1.31/0.10–0.14,basitarsus0.54–0.59/0.09–0.10, finger 2.47–2.62, length of chela 4.70–
telotarsus 0.68–0.80/0.08–0.09; leg IV: fe- 4.80/0.62–0.63. Leg I: femur 1.22–1.32/0.14–
mur+patella 1.78–1.83/0.26–0.27, tibia 2.01– 0.20, patella 0.97–1.06/0.16–0.18, tibia 0.99–
2.29/0.13–0.16,basitarsus0.52–0.78/0.13–0.14, 1.41/0.11–0.13, basitarsus 0.46–0.66/0.11–0.13,
telotarsus1.01–1.08/0.13–0.14. telotarsus 0.71–0.96/0.11–0.12; leg IV: fe-
Female (paratypes). Tergal chaetotaxy: mur+patella 1.98–2.27/0.25–0.29, tibia 1.89–
7:6:6:6:7:7:9:9:9:9:8 (2 tactile setae):4. Sternite 2.03/0.15–0.18,basitarsus0.49–0.64/0.14–0.15,
III with an anteromedian groove, with one tiny telotarsus0.76–1.14/0.13–0.14.
setaoneachmargin,21–22longsetae(1–2me- Distribution.YunnanProvince,China.
dial discal setae)+3–4 suprastigmal setae. IV– Etymology.Latinizedadjective,derivedfrom
XII, 17–18:14:17–18:17:16:15–16:14:8 (2 lat- thenameofthelocustypicus,Xiaocave.
eraltactilesetae):4.Manducatoryprocesswith6 Remarks.Checkingallspecimensofthisnew
(5–6 on right side) marginal setae. Pedipalpal species revealed that only one chelicera of one
coxawith7–8setae.Genitaloperculumwith6/6– male has two setae in its left movable finger,
7medialmarginalsetae(Fig.2i).Cheliceralgalea whileothercheliceraonlyhasoneseta.Beyond
(Fig.2g):ashortslendertransparentrodonleft thatdifference,theyhavethesamecharacteristics
chelicera,dividedin2mainbranches.Cheliceral asotherspecimens.Webelievethatthisisanun-
rallumcomposedof8blades,distaloneseparated stablecharacter.
218 Lietal. (cid:127) ENTOMOL.FENNICAVol.28
4.Keytotheknowncave-dwelling (length1.35mm)longerthanbroad
speciesofthegenusBisetocreagris B.martii(Mahnert,2003)
7. 13cheliceralrallumsetae
1. Carapacewitheyes 2 B.titanium(Mahnert,2003)
– Carapacewithouteyesoreyespots 7 – Lessthan13cheliceralrallumsetae 8
2. Carapaceonlywith2(anterior)eyeswithin- 8. Carapacewith4anterior and6posterior se-
distinctlense 3 tae; tergites I–X with 6 setae, XI with 6 (of
– Carapacewith4smalleyesoreyespots 6 which2tactile)setae
3. Eightsetaeonposteriormarginofcarapace; B.scaurum(Mahnert,2003)
slenderandshorterpedipalps,femur4.4times – Carapacewith6anterior and7posterior se-
aslongasbroad(length1.70mm),patella3.1 tae;tergitesI–Xwith7–9(rarely6or10),XI
timesaslongasbroad(length1.53mm) with7(ofwhich2tactile)setae
B.chuanensisMahnert&Li,2016 B.baozinensisMahnert&Li,2016
– Eithermoreorlessthan8setaeonposterior
margin of carapace; both pedipalpal femur Acknowledgements.WeareverygratefultoDrMarkJud-
(length 2.04–4.65 mm) and patella (length son(Muséumnationald’Histoirenaturelle,Paris)forhis
careful guidance and Prof. Volker Mahnert (Muséum
2.06–4.99mm)morethan4.7timesaslongas
d’HistoirenaturelledelaVilledeGenève)forhiscontinu-
broad 4
ous support of our study. We also thank Prof. Juan A.
4. Carapacewith31setae,10or12setaeonpos- Zaragoza(DepartamentodeEcología,FacultaddeCien-
terior margin; pedipalpal femur length 4.65 cias,UniversidaddeAlicante.Spain)andananonymous
mm, patella length 4.99 mm; genital oper- reviewer for improving the manuscript. This study was
supportedbytheInnovationFundforGraduateStudentsof
culumofmalewithabout80shortandthick-
Chongqing(CYB17062).
enedsetae
B.juanxuaeMahnert&Li,2016
– Eithermoreorlessthan31setaeofcarapace;
bothpedipalpalfemurandpatellashorterthan References
4.5mm;genitaloperculumofmalewithless
than80setae 5
Chamberlin,J.C.1931:ThearachnidorderChelonethida.
5. Cheliceralrallumwith10pinnatesetae,fin- —StanfordUniversityPublications,UniversitySeri-
ger of both pedipalps with about 120 equal es,BiologicalSciences7(1):1–284.
andcloselysituatedteeth Guo,X.B.&Zhang,F.2017:TwonewspeciesofBiseto-
B.chinacavernicola(Schawaller,1995) creagris (cid:1)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:6), 1983 (Pseudoscorpiones: Neobisii-
dae)fromChina.—ActaZoologicaAcademiaeSci-
– Cheliceral rallum with 7–8 pinnate setae,
entiarumHungaricae63(1):71–82.
fixedfingerofpedipalpswith163–171small,
Harvey,M.S.1992:Thephylogenyandclassificationof
cusped teeth, movable finger with 173–175 the Pseudoscorpionida (Chelicerata: Arachnida). —
teeth B.xiaoensissp.n. Li&Liu InvertebrateTaxonomy6:1373–1435.
6. Anterioreyeswithindistinctlense,posterior Harvey,M.S.2013:PseudoscorpionsoftheWorld.Ver-
eyesindistinctanddifficulttoobserve;distal sion 3.0. — Western Australian Museum, Perth.
http://www.museum.wa.gov.au/catalogues-beta/
pedipalpsofdorsalandmedialhandwithfine
pseudoscorpions(sitevisitedon25April,2017).
granules; femur 5.8 times (length 1.92–2.10
Judson,M.L.I.2007:Anewandendangeredspeciesofthe
mm),patella4.3–4.7times(length1.78–2.01 pseudoscorpiongenusLagynochthoniusfromacave
mm)longerthanbroad inVietnam,withnotesonchelalmorphologyandthe
B.cavernarumMahnert&Li,2016 composition of the Tyrannochthoniini (Arachnida,
Chelonethi,Chthoniidae).—Zootaxa1627:53–68.
– Four small eyes very distinct; trochanter of
Mahnert,V.&Li,Y.C.2016:Cave-inhabitingNeobisiidae
pedipalpswithsmalldorsalhump,femurin-
(Arachnida:Pseudoscorpions)fromChina,withdesc-
distinctly granulate medially, femur 4.25 riptionoffournewspeciesofBisetocreagris(cid:1)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:6).
times (length 1.58 mm), patella 2.7 times —RevueSuissedeZoologie123(2):259–268.