A Manager’s Primer on e-Networking: An Introduction to Enterprise Networking in e-Business ACID Environment

289 Pages·2003·10.78 MB·English

by  Dragan Nikolik (auth.)

A Manager's Primer on e-Networking
A Manager's Primer
on e-Networking
An Introduction to Enterprise Networking
in e-Business ACID Environment
by
DRAGAN NIKOLIK
Maastricht School of Management,
Maastricht, The Netherlands
SPRINGER SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, LLC
A C.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.
ISBN 978-94-010-3744-0 ISBN 978-94-007-0862-4 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-0862-4
Printed on acid-free paper
All Rights Reserved
© 2003 Springer Science+Business Media New York
Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 2003
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1s t edition 2003
No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted
in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording
or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception
of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered
and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work.
CONTENTS
Contents iii
List of Figures viii
List of Tables x
List of Cases xi
Foreword xii
Preface xiii
Acknowledgements xvi
Trademark notice xviii
Introduction 1
hrtI 5
Enterprise IY!frastructure 5
Chapter 1 11
Enterprise Platforms 11
Network Platforms 13
Client/Server Transactions: Traditional vs. Transactional Contracts 15
Client's Hardware 16
Server's Hardware 19
III
IV A MANAGER'S PRIMER ON E-NETWORKING
Client's Software 22
Server's Software 26
Chapter 2 29
Network Infrastructure 29
Networking Paradigms 30
Network Ownership: Private vs. Public 33
Network Communications: Connection vs. Connectionless 34
Internet Hierarchy 36
Network Hardware 37
Network Software 38
Chapter 3 41
Network Architecture 41
Client/Server Concept: ACID Transactions Communication 42
Clients Participating in ACID Transactions 43
Servers Participating in ACID Transactions 44
Two-Tier Architecture 45
Three-Tier Network Architecture 46
Peer-to-Peer Network Architecture 46
Network Hierarchy 47
Persistent Transactions: Thin vs. Fat Systems 48
Applications Participating in ACID transaction: Sessions 50
Chapter 4 55
Network Connectivity 55
Distributed Computing Environment 56
MiddleWare Mechanisms 58
Transport Stacks 60
Network Agents 61
Part II 65
Enterprise Paradigm 65
Chapter 5 69
Enterprise Business Model 69
Order-entry Paradigm 75
Workgroup Paradigm 77
Personal Paradigm 79
Enterprise Paradigm 82
Collaborative Paradigm 86
Distributed Paradigm 88
A MANAGER'S PRIMER ON E-NETWORKING V
Chapter 6 95
Virtual Enterprise 95
Enterprise Communication: EDI, E-mail, Java, Teleconferencing 96
Extended Enterprise: VE NIIIP standard 97
Collaborative Computing: Workflow Integration 100
Global Enterprise: e-Businesses vs. e-Portals 103
Chapter 7 109
Enterprise Management 109
Network Efficiency vs. Total Cost of Ownership III
Network Costs 112
Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) 113
Network Change and Managing Complexity 115
Network Growth 115
Chapter 8 119
Enterprise Development 119
Business Process Re-Engineering 122
Development Methodology 127
Application Development Environment 132
Part III 141
Enterprise Networking 141
Chapter 9 145
Communications Networks 145
Communication Techniques 147
HDLC Networking Protocol 151
Integrated Digital Network Services -ISDN 154
Open System Interconnection -OSI 157
Chapter 10 163
Wide Area Networks 163
Switched Wide Area Network Communications 165
Packet Switching Network 166
Circuit Switching Network 168
High Speed Networking: Frame vs. Cell Switching 172
Optic-optic Network: Next Generation Internet (NG!) 176
Last Mile Alternatives: xDSL, Wireless, Mobile, Bluetooth, FSO 177
Chapter 11 181
Local Area Networks 181
VI A MANAGER'S PRIMER ON E-NETWORKING
LAN Topology: Bus vs. Ring 183
LAN Media: Twisted Pair, Coax, Fibre 183
LAN Layout: Linear vs. Star 184
Medium Access Control: CSMA/CD vs. Token Sensing 185
Fibre Distributed Data Interface: FDDI 186
IEEE 802 Suit of LAN Standards 186
Private Branch Exchange (PBX) LAN Alternative 187
Broadband Wireless 187
Digital PBX vs. LAN: Convergence Issues 188
Chapter 12 191
Distributed Network Management 191
Manager of Managers vs. Manager of Managing Agents 193
x/OPEN Network Management Applications 194
Network Object Management Framework 196
Part IV 199
Enterprise Computing 199
Chapter 13 205
Working with Databases 205
Database: A Conceptual View on Data 209
Why Database? 210
Database Models 212
Database Implementation 217
Database Manipulation -SQL 219
Alternative Database Models 220
00 Databases 220
Chapter 14 223
Database Functionality 223
Concurrent Transactions Processing 225
Database Recovery 227
Database Protection 228
Chapter 15 233
Distributed Application Interoperability 233
Distributed Application Paradigm Shift 235
Why Distributed Computing? 236
Evolution of Distributed Application Computing 236
Distributed Database Computing 239
ComponentWare -Java Applets 241
Distributed Transaction Processing 242
A MANAGER'S PRIMER ON E-NETWORKING VIl
Chapter 16 246
Business Intelligence 246
Data Warehouse Technology 248
Multimedia Technology 251
Document Standards: SGML, HTML, VRML, XML 251
OLAP: Data Drilling, Mining, and Slicing 254
Data Warehouse Development 255
Data Warehouse Application Deployment 255
Information and Intellectual Property Rights 256
Appendix 262
Networking Standards Overview 262
Communications Protocols Review 265
Glossary 267
Index 274
Website Bookmark 279
About the Author 283
List of Figures
Figure 1. Clients Accessing Internet Servers 15
Figure 2. Contemporary PC Client Architecture 18
Figure 3. Twenty-year's IT waves 19
Figure 4. Contemporary SMP Server Architecture 21
Figure 5. Large System Alternatives: SMP, MPP vs. NUMA 22
Figure 6. Generic Networks 36
Figure 7. Networking Software 39
Figure 8. Relationship Types 43
Figure 9. Two-Tier vs. Three-Tier Architecture 45
Figure 10. Thin Client Architecture 49
Figure 11. Fat Client Architecture 49
Figure 12. J2EE Architecture 52
Figure 13. DCE Network Layers 58
Figure 14. Message vs. RPC mechanism 59
Figure 15. Enterprise-wide Distributed Transactions Managers 60
Figure 16. Java Platform 84
Figure 17. A SMP Server Array Architecture 90
Figure 18. XlOpen 1993 Transaction Processing Reference Model 90
Figure 19. NIIIP VE and CORBA Services 100
Figure 20. Workflow R3 patterns: Shipping Documents Workflow 102
Figure 21. e-Business Cube 105
Figure 22. Desktop TCO Breakdown 113
Figure 23. Development Processes and System Models 127
Figure 24. Boehm's Spiral Development Model 131
Figure 25. The DCE Architecture at IBM Transarc's Encina 135
Figure 26. Desktop Market Share (lDC Report, 2000) 136
Figure 27. Server Market Share (lDC Report, 2000) 136
Figure 28. Digitising Analogue Signals 149
Figure 29. Digital Signal Encoding 150
Figure 30. A LocallRemote Loop-Back with RS-449 151
Figure 31. Communication Network 151
Figure 32. ComputerlTerminal Line Configurations 152
Figure 33. HDLC Frame Structure 153
Figure 34. Integration of Transmission and Switching 155
Figure 35. Network Communications Architecture 157
Figure 36. PDU -Protocol Data Unit 157
Figure 37. OSI Model 158
viii
NETWORKING STANDARDS OVERVIEW IX
Figure 38. TCP/IP Architecture 159
Figure 39. Internetworking Devices 161
Figure 40. Generic Switching Node 166
Figure 41. Data Communications Alternatives 168
Figure 42. Bus-based Digital Switch 169
Figure 43. TDM Switching 170
Figure 44. CTI for Order-entry Processing 172
Figure 45. Frame Relays vs. X.25 Packet Switching 173
Figure 46. Frame Relays vs. ATM Cell Switching 175
Figure 47. Networking Hierarchy 176
Figure 48. All optical integrated network routing 177
Figure 49. XlOpen DSM Management Platform 194
Figure 50. DME Object Management Framework 196
Figure 51. Relationship Types 210
Figure 52. EEIR Diagram for the Bridal Case Database 218
Figure 53. BEA Tuxedo 233
Figure 54. Host-based Distributed Computing 237
Figure 55. Desktop-based Distributed Computing 238
Figure 56. Traditional Client/Server Distributed Computing 238
Figure 57. Distributed Computing Environment Services 239
Figure 58. Distributed Java Applets using CORBA 242
Figure 59. Peer-to-Peer Transaction Processing 243
Figure 60. Data Warehouse 250
Figure 61. Spatial Data Hierarchy 253
Figure 62. Functional vs. Enterprise Database 254