A man in Christ : the vital elements of St. Paul's religion

346 Pages·2002·6.292 MB·English

by  James S. Stewart

A MAN IN CHRIST
THE VITAL ELEMENTS
OF STP.A UL'SR ELIGION
BY
JAMESS. S TEWART,
M.A.,B .D.
" "
AUTHOR OF THE LIFE AND TEACHING OF JESUS CHRIST
' " "
JOINT-EDITORO F SCHLEIERMACHERs THE CHRISTIANF AITH
HARPERA ND BROTHERSP UBLISHERS
NEW YORK
PRINTEDI N UNITEDS TATESO F AMERICA
TO
MY
MOTHER
PREFACE
T HIS biosbo aks eudp oan couorfls eec tures
whicIdh e livreerceedin ntE ldyi nbuarttg hhe
invitoaftt hiCeou nn ninTgrhuasmt Ietaei sm.s
atd isenntgaP nagu'lplsie rsroenlailfg riotomhns e c hemes
ansdc holasbteniaectiwhsh mislc aht geern erahtaivoen s
buriedT hiect o.n vihcatgsir owonns teaudpiolny me
thautn iwoint Chh rist,t harnja sutthiefirc oaret li­eocn
tioonre schatoorli ongdyea,en dyo ft hoet hgerre at
aposttohleimcie sst ,hr ee acll uteoa nu nderdsitnagn
ofP au'ltsh ouagnhtde xper;ia enndIch eavfeo llowed
thsni ewero fla ipnpaerhc ot hrhoouug.t Iti ms yh ope
thatthp ea gwehsi fcohl mlaoywh avseo metthois nagy ,
nootn ltyoP aulsitnued ebnuttas l,st oot hgee neral
readaenrpd,a rtictuotl haorwslhoeyt o-adya rsee eking
-bya f ressthu odfty h Nee wT etsament-sau rer grip
oft he censto rfta hlfeia tiaitdnhe dae epeonfit nhrge i
owns pirilti.uf ael
My thanakrsde u et ot heC unningChoaumn cil,
whosgee nerionuvsi tsautpipoltnih ieend i tiimapules t
fotrh isustd y;t ot hPer ofeasnsdso trusd eonfNt esw
CollEedgien,b ufrogrh c,to hred iwailtiwhth yi cthh ey
recetihvleee dc t;ut rome ysf rietnhdResev ,.P rofessor
W.R .F orreMst..eC,Br .,D S.t,M. a yr'Cso lgleSe,t .
Andreawnsd, theW iRlleHivaa.mm il,Mt .onAA.b,e r­
deewnh,oh ave trhepear do ;oa fnsdt om yw ifwei,t h­
outw hosceo nsteanncto uemreangtt het ascko uld
hardlhya vbee esne etnh rotuoag nhe ndT.h per ep-ara
vii
A MAN IN CHRIST
tioonft hlece turaensdt haec tluw artiinogf t hbeo ok
havgeo noena mitdh aeb sorabnidin ngc esclsaainmts
ofc ongreagwlaot riikona n b uspya risBhu.tIw olud
faibne lievfeo ortn hweah tos, e etkois n tertphvreie ltt a
reliogfPi aounl (a irsteh loliudng eivobenerf, o rgotten,
hammereodu t tihtneu rmoofti lhm ei ssieoln,dt -)hfie
daiplrysse uroeft hdee manodfts h e amcitniivset ry
mayn obte a ltogaed tihseard vantage.
J.S .S TEWART
viii
CONTENTS
CHAPTER I
PAULO R PAULINI?S M
PAGR
Paula ndP aulini:s md ai stinction l
I.P aul'rse liginoontt ob es ystematized 3
Thes ubject-maotfth eirst eaching 3
Then aturoef t hes ituataidodnr essed 4
Paul'vsi ewo fh isv ocation 7
Paul'Gso spealn ds o-cal"l pelda nosf s alvation" 9
Mistakeenff orttso i solattheee lemenotfsC hristian
experience II
Pauls eent hrougthh ee yeso fl ategre nerations 12
Two noteosf w arning 13
Necessiotfsy p iritkuianls hip wtihteah p ostle 16
II.T wo reactiofnrso ms cholasitnitce rpretations 17
Proposatloe liminaetvee rythiPnagu linfer omt he
Gospel 17
Was Paula theolog?ia n. 20
Ther eflective elienhm iesnn ta ture 21
Experienpcrei marrye,fl ectisoenc ondary 24
Romansn ota "c ompendiuomf d octri"n e 25
Absencoef p recidseefi nitiionnP aul'tse rminology2.6
No" syste"m sofe schatoloorge yt hics 27
Paul'isn necro nsiste.n cy 28
" Thiso net hinIgd o " 30
CHAPTER II
HERITAGAEN D ENVIRONMENT
Thed oublset raiinnC hristianaintdiy n,P aul. 32
I.P aul'psr idien h isJ ewish birth 33
TheN ew Testamenpti ctoufrP_he a risaism 36
Thep upiolf G amaliel 37
The OldT estameinntP aulc'usr riculum 39
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A MAN IN CHRIST
PAGE
Monotheainsdrm i ghteou.s ness 39
Thea llegoirnitcearlp reotfSa ctriiopnt ure 41
PaulO'lsdT estamqeunott ations 43
Root-concoefpa tpioocnasl lyiptteirca ture 45
Paublo untdon oa pocalsycphteimce . 47
II.T hed isperosfti hoJene ws 48
HowD iaspJourdaa imsami ntaiitnised de ntity5 1
Them issiosnpairoryfit th Jee wa broad 52
Hellenriesatcitcoi noJ nusd aism 54
IIII.t ineSrtaonpitrc e achers 56
Resemblaonfsc teysll ea,n guaagnedi, d ebae tween
Paualn dt hSet oics 57
Nod octroifgn rea icneS toicism 60
Furthdeirff erences 61
Stoicair seml igoifdo ens pair 63
The" r eligious-shcihso"to aolnr dit chaeml y stery
IV.
relig.i ons 64
Refusoaftl h ee arlCyh urcthoc ompromwiisteh
paganism 66
Relatoifto hni rse futsoat lhg er epaetr secutio6n6s
Theo riginoafCl hirtiys tianity 67
Generaailmo ft hmey steries 68
Thec ulotfsC ybealnedI sis 69
Paulc'osn tawcitttsh h ceu lts 71
WasP auvle rsienHd e llecnl iistteir?a ture 72
TheO ldT estamennottt, h em ysterPiaeusl,' s
source 73
Paualc reatsipvier it
75
PaulG'oss pdeils tingfuriosHmhe eldl enbiysi mt s
ethiicnasli stence 76
Andb yi tesm phaosnif sa ith 77
CHAPTERI II
DISILLUSIONMAENNDT D ISCOVERY
Theg loorfyt hceo nveresxipoenr ience
Theb ackgroouffn rdu straantddi eofne at
Disappoinatnmdue nnhta ppiness
I.
Thel egaslpiisirtni m to derrne ligion
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CONTENTS
PAGE
A reliogfiro end empbtyih ounm aenff ort 85
Them ercensapriyir nir te ligion 86
A religofin oeng atives 87
IsP aulp'isc toufrJ ee wilsehg alciosrmr ?e ct 88
Thes oul-desbturrodyoeifntn rga dition go
Fouart tittuodt ehsle a w 92
Theb itteronfPe asuslp 'esr sopnraolb lem 96
Thep oweorft hflee sh 98
II.D oeRso man7s r efteort h per e-convpeerrsi?io odn9 9
Isi ta utobiogr?a .p hical IOI
Pauls'hsa roifnh gii sn moesxtp erience I02
Them eanionf"g fl es"h . 103
Paulv'iseo wfs ians p ersonal Io4
Theo rigoifsn i n. 106
Thes eriouosfsn ienss 106
Them iseorfty h dei visdeeldf 107
IIIT.h ee lemeonfnt o biliintt hyle a w 108
Thel awp owertloes sasv e IIO
Thel awr eveasliinn g II2
Thel awi nstigtaost iinn g II2
Thel awat emporeaxrpye dient II3
Thel awa s choolmtaosl teeatrdoC hrist II5
Thel awd estitnope ads asw a.y II6
IV. Paul"' s goadRse.c"o gniotfit ohnef ailoufr e
Judaism
. ng
Thef acotft hhei stoJreiscu s 120
Thel ivoefts h Ceh ristians I2I
Thed eatohfS tephen I2I
Thec onverasnia ocnot f s upernagtruar.ca el 122
TheV isiaonndt hVeo ice I24
IsP aule'xsp erineonrcmea tfiovoret hCehrr ist?i Ia2n7s
V.D ecisrievseuo lftt hsDe a masceuxsp erience.I 32
DiscovoefJr eys aussa live I33
Ther esurreGcotdi'vosin n dicoaftH iiosSn o n I34
Deatahn dr esurrencotttio bo eni solated 135
Paula'tst ittuotd hece r orsesv olutionized1 38
Them an'sse lf-surtrote hnledo evoref G od. 140
Thev isioofan w aitwionrgl .d 141
Paualn dI sai.a h 142
Thes piribtausaoilfst hdeo ctroifen lee ction 143
Thee ndlaemsasz emoefnr te demption 145
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A MAN IN CHRIST
CHAPTERI V
MYSTICIASNMD MORALITY
PAGE
Uniowni tChh ritshthe e aorftP aulr'esl igion1 47
I.T hei mportoafnt cheic so ncepttoilooo nni gg nore1d4 8
Growirnegc ogntiot-idooanfiy t cse ntr.a lity 150
Safeguatrhddeio ncgt roifan teo nement 152
ExaminaotfiP oanu lw'ast chw"oi rnCd hrist" 154
Thec ognapther a"si ent hSep i"r it 156
Them ystiicdaenlao tto b et hinndeodw n 158
IIW.i desprdeiasdlo ifmk yes ticism 160
Varieotfim eyss tiecxaple rience 161
Evertyr uCeh risitnis aonmd ee graem ey stic 162
"A cti"na gnd" r eact"im nygsticism 163
"M ysti"ca anld" m ora"lu nion 164
Thea naloogfhy u man love 165
Uniowni tChh rinsottp a ntheaibsstoircp tion1 66
Christimaonriteth yat nh eex ampolfJe e sus 168
Uniowni tChh riasntdu niowni tGho d 170
III".G rac"ea nd" F ait"h . 173
TheO ldT estamdeonctt roiffn aei th 174
Thet eachoifJn egs ounsf ai.t h 176
VarieotfPi aeusl iunsea ge l7 7
Convicotfti houenn seen 178
Confideinntc hepe r omiosfGe osd 178
Convicotfti hofena cotfts h Geo spel 179
Faitahss ynonymwoiutsCh h ristianity 181
Faitahss elf-abandtooGn omdie nnC th ri.s t 182
Theg eromf t hiisnt hSey nopGtoiscp els 184
"B elieivniC nhgr i"sa tn d" l oviCnhgr i" st l8 5
IV.U niowni tChh riisnHt i sd eath 186
Thet rumpeto-fnR ootmea n6s 187
Uniowni tChh riisnHt i sb urial ;r91
Uniowni tChh riisnHt i sr esurrection. 192
Thel ioffeC hriisntt h bee liever 193
Uniowni tChh ritshtse h eet-aonfPc ahuolre' tsh ic1s94
Thec harogfae n tinomianism 194
IdentifiwciattChih orni st's taost itni tude1 96
A moramlo tiavneda m oradly namic 197
Theg oofidg hotff ait.h 198
Thee schatolaosgpieoccfPat al u lC'hsr ist-mys1t9i9c ism
Paualn dJ ohonn "e terlnia"fl e 200
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CONTENTS
CHAPTER
V
RECONCILIATIAONND JUSTIFICATION
PAGE
Peacwei tGho dt hseu pregmoeo d 204
I.M anm adfeo fre llowwsihtihp God 205
Thifse llowdsihsitpu rbbyse idn 205
Thee xperioefan lciee nation 206
Whoh ast ob er econcileodrG- omda? n 209
Christihaenrdieit ffye rfernotom t hreerl igion2s 10
Paulu'ssoe f t htee r"me nemi"e s 212
Hisd octroif"n p er opiti"a tion 214
Hist eachoinnt gh "ew ratohfG od" . 217
Godt hRee concmialnet rh,e reconciled2 21
Thed iviinnei t�ative 222
Reconciltiola itfieo n 224
Reconciltiota htbeir oent h.r en 225
IIR.e concilainadtt hiceor no ss 226
Thed eatnho tto b ei solaftreotdmh ree surr.e c2t2i6o n
Them eanionftg h cer onsostt ob er educteoad n y
formula 227
PrimitChirvies tteiaacnh oinnt ghd ee atohfC hris2t2 8
Man'mso sflta gracnrti me 228
Thed ivipnuer poastCe a lva.r y 229
Thec roasnsdt hfeo rgivoefns eisnss 230
Paula'dsv anbceey otnhd�p rimiptoisviet ion 231
Thec roasssth es uprecmoen demnaotfsi ionn 232
Thej udgmeonfGt o d 233
Thec roass st hseu prermeev elaotfli oovne 235
Thed eatohfC hriassat s"a cri"fi ce 236
Thec osttoG odo fm an'fso rgiv.e ness 238
Thec roassst hgei fotfs alvation 240
ChriosutrS u bstiatnudot ueRr e presentati2v4e2
IIIP.a ulg'rse atpeasrta d.o x 243
Permanvealnitd iotfty h ied eoafj ustificati2o4n 4
TheO ldT estamceonntc epotfri iognh teousn2e4s5s
RighteouisnPn aeusles'p si stles 248
Thev erdoifc"tN otg uil"t y 250
Ideoafsm eriextc lu.d ed 250
Thet eachoifJn egs ounsj ustific.a tion 252
Adoptainodns onsohfiG po d 254
Justificnaotati ol"ne gfiaclt i"o n 255
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