A history of the behavioral therapies : founders’ personal histories

359 Pages·2001·2.734 MB·English

by  O’Donohue, William T.

US $49.95 Psychology
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Histories of the
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Founders’ Personal Histories
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In this unique work, eighteen of the most influential and y

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that affected it. At times moving, profound, and humorous, it B
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casts a new and perhaps more human light on the most influential h
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movement in behavioral health in the latter part of the 20th v
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century. These intellectual biographies range in tone and intensity
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as each author uses their own particular style to convey their l

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views about the field and their individual impact on it. For those
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interested in the behavioral and cognitive movement, this book e
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is a must have since it is the only book to have chronicled the
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individual histories of the founders of the applied behavioral ie
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movement before they are lost forever. :

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This volume includes the intellectual autobiographies of
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Albert Bandura, Walter Mischel, Donald M. Baer, Sidney W. Bijou, u
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Albert Ellis, Gordon L. Paul, Gerald C. Davison, Montrose M. Wolf, d
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Todd R. Risley, Cyril M. Franks, W. Stewart Agras, Leonard r
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Krasner, Arnold A. Lazarus, and Ogden R. Lindsley - as well as Julie ’
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Vargas on B.F. Skinner, Paul Mountjoy on J.R. Kantor, and Roger e
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Poppen on Joseph Wolpe. s
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ISBN-13: 978-1878978-40-0 o
r edited by
ISBN-10: 1-878978-40-3 ie
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William T. O’Donohue
5 4 9 9 5
Deborah A. Henderson
Steven C. Hayes
Jane E. Fisher
CONTEXT
Linda J. Hayes
CONTEXT PRESS PRESS
9 781878 978400
www.contextpress.com
A History of the
Behavioral Therapies:
Founders’
Personal Histories
Dedication
This book is dedicated to the loving memory of Janet Bijou, a true
friend of behavior therapy, and whose intelligence and kindness
reflect the humanitarian spirit guiding us all.
A History of the
Behavioral Therapies:
Founders’
Personal Histories
Edited by
William T. O’Donohue
Deborah A. Henderson
Steven C. Hayes
Jane E. Fisher
Linda J. Hayes
C P
ONTEXT RESS
Reno, Nevada
iv
__________________________________________________________________
A History of the Behavioral Therapies: Founders’ Personal Histories
Paperback 357 pp. Includes bibliographies.
Distributed by New Harbinger Publications, Inc.
________________________________________________________________________
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
A history of the behavioral therapies : founders’ personal theories /
edited by William T. O’Donohue ... [et al.].
p. cm.
“Based on a conference held at the University of Nevada, Reno, in
June, 1999"—Pref.
Includes bibliographical references.
ISBN-13: 978-1-878978-40-0
ISBN-10: 1-878978-40-3
1. Behavior therapy—History—Congresses. I. O’Donohue, William T.
RC489.B4 H55 2001
616.89’142’09—dc21
2001047081
________________________________________________________________________
© 2001 CONTEXT PRESS
933 Gear Street, Reno, NV 89503-2729
All rights reserved.
No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in
any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming,
recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the publisher.
Printed in the United States of America
v
Preface
This book is based on a conference held at the University of Nevada, Reno in
June, 1999. The editors organized this conference in order to provide an opportunity
for us and others to better understand the development of the behavioral therapies
and to capture a part of the historical record before it was lost forever. Most
importantly, we wanted to honor the founders of the behavioral therapies and to
watch as this group of approximately 20 individuals interacted — most of them as
old friends, but also perhaps for the last time, at least in this large of a group.
The chapters the arise from this conference show the unique properties of these
unique individuals. While participants had an outline of topics to address, each
chapter reflects the topics that the presenters felt best revealed their intellectual
history and the context and content of their contribution. The difference between
chapters in tone and approach could not realistically be eliminated without
muffling the very voices we wanted to hear. In the end, we made the conscious
decision to give these leaders of the field the freedom to tell their story in their own
way.
We want to thank these individuals for taking time from their busy lives to make
this conference a huge success. Although many of these founders are certainly of
retirement age — all are clearly “flunking” retirement. Old friends met once again,
sometimes after years without contact. Others met for the first time. There was
much catching up and many great stories were told. We would also like to thank
them for sharing the stories of their lives and their work. These stories were often
quite moving, and sometimes very funny. What these individuals showed us is that
the story of the development of behavior therapy is not a dry story of purely
intellectual commitments and technical developments. Rather it is clearly a story
of deeply held values, caring, compassion, conflict, fate, and, at times, personal
tragedy. This book is dedicated to these (and other) founders of our discipline.
We also dedicate this book to the spouses and families of these founders. Many
individuals brought family members and it was both impressive and touching. It
was clear that in many cases there was a real partnership in which spouses not only
supported but also clearly substantively contributed to the success of their partners.
We also want to comment on one key aspect of the conference. Many of the
founders expressed their deep debt and gratitude to two central figures — Sidney
Bijou and Albert Bandura. These two individuals often worked quietly and behind
the scenes helping others find jobs, training key students, and in general generously
giving help and encouragement to others. The special gratitude and honor extended
to these two individuals should be noted.
We also want to thank Professor Leo Reyna for presenting a paper at the
conference. Leo is one of the great teachers in our profession; for example, his
influence on Joseph Wolpe was critical to the development of behavior therapy.
Unfortunately, due to serious health problems he was not able to write up his
fascinating paper as a chapter for this volume.
vi
We would also like to thank supporters of this conference. Dean Robert Mead
and Vice President Ken Hunter were particularly helpful. Their generous help made
this conference possible.
Finally, we also want to thank Tuna Townsend for his generous assistance on
many aspects of this project.
William T. O’Donohue
Deborah A. Henderson
Steven C. Hayes
Jane E. Fisher
Linda J. Hayes
vii
Table of Contents
Preface ......................................................................................................................v
Introduction............................................................................................................xi
A History of the Behavioral Therapies
William T. O'Donohue, Deborah A. Henderson, Steven C. Hayes,
Jane E. Fisher, and Linda J. Hayes
University of Nevada, Reno
Chapter 1...............................................................................................................23
The Importance of Case Studies to Methodology of Science
Thomas Nickles
University of Nevada, Reno
Chapter 2...............................................................................................................39
Joseph Wolpe: Challenger and Champion for Behavior Therapy
Roger Poppen
Southern Illinois University
Chapter 3...............................................................................................................59
B. F. Skinner’s Contribution to Therapeutic Change: An Agency-less,
Contingency Analysis
Julie S. Vargas
West Virginia University
Chapter 4...............................................................................................................75
Jacob Robert Kantor (1888-1984): Pioneer in the Development of
Naturalistic Foundations for Behavior Therapy
Paul T. Mountjoy
Western Michigan University
Chapter 5.............................................................................................................105
Child Behavior Therapy: Early History
Sidney W. Bijou
University of Nevada, Reno
Chapter 6.............................................................................................................125
Studies in Behavior Therapy and Behavior Research Laboratory:
June 1953-1965
Ogden R. Lindsley
University of Kansas and Behavior Research Company
viii
Chapter 7.............................................................................................................155
A Brief Personal Account of CT (Conditioning Therapy), BT
(Behavior Therapy) and CBT (Cognitive-Behavior
Therapy): Spanning Three Continents
Arnold A. Lazarus
Rutgers University and the
Center for Multimodal Psychological Services
Chapter 8.............................................................................................................163
Swimming Against the Mainstream: The Early Years in Chilly Waters
Albert Bandura
Stanford University
Chapter 9.............................................................................................................183
The Rise of Cognitive Behavior Therapy
Albert Ellis
Albert Ellis Institute for Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy
Chapter 10 ..........................................................................................................195
From Psychodynamic to Behavior Therapy: Paradigm Shift and
Personal Perspectives
Cyril M. Franks
Rutgers University
Chapter 11 ..........................................................................................................207
Cognitive Behavior Therapy: The Oxymoron of the Century
Leonard Krasner
Stanford University
Chapter 12 ..........................................................................................................219
The Development of Behavioral Medicine
W. Stewart Agras
Stanford University School of Medicine
Chapter 13 ..........................................................................................................233
Toward a Cumulative Science of Persons: Past, Present, and Prospects
Walter Mischel
Columbia University
Chapter 14 ..........................................................................................................253
A Small Matter of Proof
Donald M. Baer
University of Kansas
ix
Chapter 15 ..........................................................................................................267
Do Good, Take Data
Todd R. Risley
University of Alaska
Chapter 16 ..........................................................................................................289
Application of Operant Conditioning Procedures to the Behavior
Problems of an Autistic Child: A 25-Year Follow-Up and the
Development of the Teaching Family Model
Montrose M. Wolf
University of Kansas
Chapter 17 ..........................................................................................................295
The Active Unconscious, Symptom Substitution, & Other Things That
Went ‘Bump’ in the Night
Gordon L. Paul
University of Houston
Chapter 18 ..........................................................................................................337
Values and Constructionism in Clinical Assessment: Some Historical and
Personal Perspectives on Behavior Therapy
Gerald C. Davison
University of Southern California