A History of Modern Israel PDF
Preview A History of Modern Israel
more information - www.cambridge.org/9781107028623 A HISTORY OF MODERN ISRAEL SecondEdition ColinShindler’sremarkablehistorybeginsin1948,aswavesofimmi- grantsarrivedinIsraelfromwar-tornEuropetoestablishnewcities, newinstitutionsandanewculturefoundedontheHebrewlanguage. Optimistic beginnings were soon replaced with the sobering reality of wars with Arab neighbours, internal ideological differences and anongoingconfrontationwiththePalestinians.Theauthorpaintsa broad canvas thataffordsunusualinsightsinto Israel’s multicultural society,forgedfrommorethan100differentJewishcommunitiesand unitedbyacommonhistory.Inthisupdatededition,Shindlercovers the significant developments of the last decade, including the rise of the Israeli far Right, Hamas’s takeover and the political rivalry between Gaza and the West Bank, Israel’s uneasy dealings with the new administration in the United States, political Islam, the expan- sion of the Jewish settlements on the West Bank and the potential impactoftheArabSpringontheregionasawhole.Thissympathetic yetcandidportrayalaskshowanationthatemergedoutoftheashesof theHolocaustandwastheadmirationoftheworldisnowperceived bymanyWesterngovernmentsinalessthanbenevolentlight. colin shindler isEmeritusProfessorandPearsSeniorResearch Fellow at the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London.HeisalsofoundingchairmanoftheEuropeanAssociation ofIsraelStudies. InMemoryof RachelShindler(1905–96) and GoldiePollock(1919–2003) A HISTORY OF MODERN ISRAEL Second Edition COLIN SHINDLER SchoolofOrientalandAfricanStudies,UniversityofLondon cambridge university press Cambridge,NewYork,Melbourne,Madrid,CapeTown, Singapore,Sa˜oPaulo,Delhi,MexicoCity CambridgeUniversityPress 32AvenueoftheAmericas,NewYork,ny10013-2473,usa www.cambridge.org Informationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9781107671775 (cid:2)C ColinShindler2008,2013 Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements, noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithoutthewritten permissionofCambridgeUniversityPress. Firsteditionpublished2008 Secondeditionpublished2013 PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica AcatalogrecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. LibraryofCongressCataloginginPublicationdata Shindler,Colin,1946– AhistoryofmodernIsrael/ColinShindler.–2nded. p. cm. Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. isbn978-1-107-02862-3(hardback)–isbn978-1-107-67177-5(pbk.) 1.Israel–History. I.Title. ds126.5.s45194 2012 956.9405–dc23 2012021356 isbn978-1-107-02862-3Hardback isbn978-1-107-67177-5Paperback CambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityforthepersistenceoraccuracyofurlsforexternal orthird-partyInternetWebsitesreferredtointhispublicationanddoesnotguaranteethatany contentonsuchWebsitesis,orwillremain,accurateorappropriate. Contents Illustrations pageviii Maps x Acknowledgements xi Glossaries xiii Chronology xxvii Prefacetothesecondedition:Towards2020 xxxiii Introduction 1 1 Zionismandsecurity 10 10 Zionismbeyonddemonization 23 Theneedforsecurity 30 JewishsocialismandArabnationalism 2 TheHebrewrepublic 38 38 Theendofempire Defeatandvictoryin1948 43 49 Exileandreturn 3 Newimmigrantsandfirstelections 54 54 Thesurvivors 62 JewishimmigrationintoPalestine 65 Thefirstelections 70 ThedominanceofMapai 4 Thepoliticsofpiety 78 78 Thebalancingact 85 WhoisaJew? 91 ThearrivaloftheSephardim 5 Retaliationorself-restraint 98 98 Ben-Gurion,SharettandDayan 102 Thedevelopingschism v vi Contents 108 Nasser’smetamorphosis 109 Stalin’sembrace 112 ThereturnofBen-Gurion 114 Thesearchforarms 119 TheroadtoSuez 6 TheriseoftheRight 123 123 TheSixDaywar 125 DestroyingMapaifromwithin 130 Outoftheunderground 134 Theideologyofoccupation 141 JudeaandSamaria 7 TheroadtoBeirut 147 147 MenachemBegin’sleadership 150 WhoarethePalestinians? 156 Therealityofnegotiations 165 Amoreradicalhue 8 Dissentathomeandabroad 175 175 Theendofconsensus 181 Thepeacecamp 186 Traditionaldiasporaopinions 191 Anewassertivegeneration 9 Aninsurrectionbeforeahandshake 198 198 ThemanfromLehi 201 AnewpathforthePalestinians 203 TheoutbreakoftheIntifada 207 AnIsraeliawakening 211 Thefallandriseofideology 213 ConstrainingthePrimeMinister 220 FromKuwaittoMadrid 10 Theendofideology? 227 227 Theproblemsolver 232 TheOslobreakthrough 236 ThePLOincrisis 11 ThekillingofaPrimeMinister 244 244 Thereturnoftherejectionists 255 TheRight’sbacklash 262 Rabbisandayatollahs 12 Themagicianandthebulldozer 267 267 ThevirtualandtherealLikud Contents vii 275 AreturntoCampDavid 281 Alongwalktodisaster 284 Thedescentintotheabyss 13 ‘Hedoesnotstopattheredlight’ 289 2001:ASharonodyssey 289 298 ThePalestinianstrugglewithin 307 Islamismascending 314 DisengagementfromGaza 14 Anunlikelygrandfather 321 321 Ideologyandevacuation 325 SeparatingfromthePalestinians 330 Betweenpragmatismandideology 335 Olmert’sarrivalandHamas’sascent 341 TheriseofHezbollah 15 Abrotherlyconflict 350 350 TheaftermathoftheLebanonwar 354 ThetakingofGaza 359 ASyrianbomb? 362 Teheranandthemissilewar 16 Bialik’sbequest? 368 368 Thecalmbeforethestorm 372 OperationCastLead 380 Goldstoneinthequagmire 17 Stagnationandisolationism 388 388 Blockadesandflotillas 393 Settlersandsettlements 400 DitheringintheWhiteHouse? 18 AnArabSpringandanIsraeliwinter? 405 405 Adownwardspiral? 410 IsraelandtheArabSpring 417 Anunknownfuture Bibliography 421 Index 427 Illustrations 1.1 A.Vilkovsky,amemberoftheKharkovBiluim,1885 page18 1.2 KibbutzMerchavia,1911 20 1.3 ThedepartureoftheBritishHighCommissioner,Sir JohnChancellor,fromPalestine,2September1931 30 2.1 MosheDayanandAbdullahalTaldiscusstheframework foraceasefire,Jerusalem,1948 51 3.1 JewishrefugeesfromtheHolocaust,withtheYellowStar ofDavidontheirbacks,1945 61 3.2 VotinginNazarethinthefirstIsraelielections,January 1949 66 4.1 DavidBen-GurionspeaksataMapaielectionrally, Jerusalem,January1949 82 5.1 MosheSharettaddressesaMapaielectionmeeting, Jerusalem,January1949 101 5.2 MosheDayanexplainstheIsraelimilitarycampaignin Sinaitojournalists,November1956 120 6.1 VladimirJabotinskyopensthethirdWorldConferenceof BetarintheTeatrNowosci,Warsaw,September1938 131 6.2 YitzhakTabenkin,c.1960s 136 7.1 MenachemBeginpresentstheCampDavidagreementto theKnesset,1978.AscepticalYitzhakShamir,theKnesset speaker,lookson 163 7.2 JewishsettlersattempttopreventIsraelisoldiersfrom evacuatingYamit,1982 164 8.1 PeaceNowprotestagainstSharonduringtheLebanon war,1982 180 8.2 EthiopianimmigrantsinsideanairforceC130enrouteto IsraelduringOperationSolomon,1991 192 9.1 Israelifamilywearinggasmasksinthesealedroomin theirhomeduringthefirstGulfwar,1991 221 viii
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