A History of Japan

163 Pages·2010·8.491 MB·English

by  Hisho Saito

ROUTLEDGE LIBRARY EDITIONS: JAPAN
A HISTORY OF JAPAN
A HISTORY OF JAPAN
HISHO SAITO
Translated by
ELIZABETH LEE
Volume 44
LONDON AND NEW YORK
First published in 1912
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A HISTORY OF JAPAN
BY
HISHO SAITO
TRANSLATED BY
ELIZABETH LEE
LONDON
KEGAN PAUL, TRENCH, TRÜBNER & Co., LTD
Broadway House, Carter Lane, e.C.
1912
CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION.
THE EARLIEST INHABITANTS OF JAPAN. ORIGIN OF 1

THE JAPANESE. THE OLDEST HISTORICAL SOURCES

FIRST PERIOD. FROM THE BEGINNING OF THE EMPIRE TO THE FALL OF
THE SOGA FAMILY 4

PART I. FROM THE BEGINNING OF THE EMPIRE TO THE SUBJECTION OF
KOREA 4

CHAPTER I.—Foundation of the Japanese Empire. The first Emperor 6
CHAPTER II.— Relations with Korea, Struggles with the native races. State 8

of civilization
CHAPTER III.—The subjection of Korea 10

PART II. F ROM THE INTRODUCTION OF CHINESE CULTURE TO THE FALL
OF THE SOGA FAMILY 12

CHAPTER IV.— The introduction of Chinese culture into Japan. Economic

progress of the nation 13
CHAPTER V.—The rebellion of Korea 14
CHAPTER VI.—The beginnings of Buddhism in Japan 15
CHAPTER VII.— The regency of the Crown Prince Shokotu. Direct 17
Intercourse with China. Further Introduction of Chinese
culture and of Buddhism
CHAPTER VIII.—The fall of the Soga Family 19

SECOND PERIOD. FROM THE TAIKA REFORMS TO THE FALL OF THE
TAIRA FAMILY 21

PART I. FROM THE TAIKA REFORMS TO THE FOUNDATION OF THE 21
CAPITAL, KIOTO
vi Contents
CHAPTER I.—The Taika reforms 22
CHAPTER II.— The Ainu insurrection. End of Japanese rule in Korea.

Continuation of reform 23
CHAPTER III.—Reforms of the first Taihō year 25
CHAPTER IV.—The Seven Courts of Nara. Buddhism, Art and Learning 27
CHAPTER V.— Foundation of the town of Kioto. The great period of

learning and further progress of Buddhism 29

PART II. THE AGE OF THE FUJIWARA 31

CHAPTER VI.—The increasing power of the Fujiwara 32
CHAPTER VII.— Futile attempts to destroy the power of the Fujiwara. Art

and learning of the period 34
CHAPTER VIII.—The beginnings of the feudal system 35
CHAPTER IX.— The Fujiwara family as guardians of the state. Japanese 37

influence on Chinese civilization

PART III. THE TAIRA AND MINAMOTO 40

CHAPTER X.— Abolition of government by guardians of the Fujiwara
Family, and Emperors who had abdicated. Growing power
of the Taira and Minamoto 41
CHAPTER XI.— Strife in the Imperial Family. Supremacy of the Taira and 43

Minamoto
CHAPTER XII.—Hostility between the Taira and Minamoto 44
CHAPTER XIII.—Supremacy and fall of the Taira 45

THIRD PERIOD. FROM THE FOUNDATION OF THE KAMAKURA
SHOGUNATE TO THE END OF THE TOKUGAWA
SHOGUNATE (FEUDAL PERIOD) 49

PART I. THE KAMAKURA SHOGUNATE 49

CHAPTER I.— Foundation of the Kamakura Shogunate by the Minamoto
family. Their supremacy and their fall through the Hojo
family 50
CHAPTER II.— Establishment of the supremacy of the Hojo Family. 53

Fainéant Shoguns and Skikken
CHAPTER III.—Repulse of Mongolian attempts at invasion 55
Contents vii
CHAPTER IV.— Art, learning and religion at the time of the Kamakura

Shōgunate 56
CHAPTER V.—Division of the Imperial line. Abolition of the Shōgunate 57

PART II. RESTORATION, DIVISION AND RECONCILIATION OF THE 59
IMPERIAL DYNASTY

CHAPTER VI.—Reign and fall of Go-Daigo-Tennō 60
CHAPTER VII.—Dynasties of the North and South 62

PART III. THE MUROMACHI OR ASHIKAGA SHOGUNATE 64

CHAPTER VIII.—The Muromachi Shōgunate 65
CHAPTER IX.— The disorders of the Onin years and the struggle for the

supremacy of Kamakura 66
CHAPTER X.—The age of Higashiyama. Art, literature and learning 68
CHAPTER XI.—The Heroic Age, (1478–1573) 69
CHAPTER XII.—Relations with foreign lands 72

PART IV. THE ODA AND TOYOTOMI FAMILIES (1573–1598) 75

CHAPTER XIII.—Oda Nobunaga 76
CHAPTER XIV.— The conquest and union of the whole Empire by Toyotomi-

Hideyoshi 80
CHAPTER XV.—Toyotomi-Hideyoshi’s foreign enterprises 82
CHAPTER XVI.— The decisive battle between the Toyotomi and Tokugawa

families. Victory of the Tokugawa family 84

PART V. THE TOKUGAWA SHOGUNATE 85

CHAPTER XVII.—Establishment of the Tokugawa Shōgunate 87
CHAPTER XVIII.—Bushidō 90
CHAPTER XIX.—Relations with foreign countries 97
CHAPTER XX.—Spread and suppression of Christianity 100
CHAPTER XXI.— The Reigns of Ieyasu’s Successors. Flourishing state of art

and learning, Beginning of economic progress 103
CHAPTER XXII.—The most flourishing period of the Tokugawa Shōgunate 106
viii Contents
CHAPTER XXIII.— End of the great period of prosperity of the Tokugawa

Shōgunate 108
CHAPTER XXIV.— The awakening of a public opinion. Intellectual tendencies
towards the revival of the Imperial power and the opening
of the country to Europeans 109
CHAPTER XXV.—Conclusion of the first commercial treaty 111
CHAPTER XXVI.—Fall of the Shōgunate. Restoration of the Imperial power 114

FOURTH PERIOD. MEIJI 117

CHAPTER I.—Beginning of the Meiji age 118
CHAPTER II.—Reaction against the new system of government 124
CHAPTER III.—Introduction of constitutional government 127
CHAPTER IV.—Relations of Japan with Russia and with Korea 129
CHAPTER V.—The Chino-Japanese war 131
CHAPTER VI.—The revision of the commercial treaties 135
CHAPTER VII.—The Chinese troubles 136
CHAPTER VIII.—The Russo-Japanese War 138
AINU FAMILY
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