A History of Christendom. Vol. 1: The Founding of Christendom

605 Pages·2004·9.195 MB·English

by  Warren H. Carroll

A History
ofC hristendom
Vol.I
WarreHn. C arroll
Copyri©g h1t98b5y C hristenPdroems s.
All righrtess erved.
Manufactuirnte hde U niteSdt atoefsAm erica.
All inquirsiheosu lbdea ddressteod:
ChristenPdroems Fsr,o nRto yalVA, 22630.
No parotf t hibso okm ayb er eproduicnea dn yf ormb ya nye lectroornm iecc hanical
meansi,n cludiinnfgo rmatsitoonr aagnedr etriesvyaslt emwsi,t hopuetr missiino n
writifnrgo mt hep ublisehxecre,p btya r eviewwehrom ayq uote brief ipnaa s sages
review.
Fourtphr inti1n9g9,3 .
L.CC.l assifiNcuamtbieornD: 2 0.C27
TheF ounding
ofC hristendom
WarreHn. C arroll
ChristenPdroems s
FronRto yalV,A 22630
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Thisf irvsotl umoef m y histoorfyC hristendwoamsw rittaennd p ublished
atC hristendCooml legaen do wesm ucht ot hev ibraCnatt holciocm munity
establisthheedr eI. a m particulianrdleyb tteodJ effreMyi rusD,i rectoofr
ChristenPduobml icatfioorhn iss,c ritirceaald ionfgt hem anuscrainpdtf orm ak­
inga ltlh ea rrangemefnotris t psu blicattiooW ni;l liaMma rshneCrh,a irman
oft heT heologDye partmeantCt h ristendCooml legfeo,rh isa ssistawnicteh
questioonfts h ei nterpretoaftL iaotnia nn dH ebrewp assageasn;dt oR obert
HicksoCnh,a irmaonft heE ngliasnhd L iteratDuerpea rtmeantCt h ristendom
Collegfeo,rh isc ritirceaald ionfgt hem anuscriIpw to.u lda lsloi kteo e xpress
my particualpaprr eciaftoirdo inl igaesnsti stainntc heefi naplr eparatoifto hni s
book forp ublicattoiW oalnt erJ anarAos,s istDanitr ectoofCr h ristenPudbolmi ca­
tionMsr;s .I renFeu rtadwoh,o p roductehdet ype-cseotp yM;r s.K athleSeant ­
terwhiwtheo,d idt hel ayouatn;dt oK atheriOn'eB rieDna,r lenSeu mmersa,n d
DianaW eyricwhh o helped prooiftr.e ad
WARREN H. CARROLL
DEDICATED
tom yb elowvieefd,
ANNE
whose brighatn uden xcaaesmippnralgye e r
broutgohm tet hgear coef f iath
andm emebrshiintp h Ceh urocfhC hrist
Contents
Itnrdouction 9
Prologue 14
1 A. DarklPilnagi n 21
2.F athienFr a ith 38
3.F iero nS niai 59
4.T heP rosmeiLda nd 81
5.T heD iivdeKdig ndom 101
6.T heH olCyti y 118
7.T heQ ueasntd Cthhoes en 148
8.T woH opes 175
9.T heM acrhA corstsh Weo lrd 192
10.T heF otritoufdR eo me 211
II.R omeA scendatnhTtee, m pRleeg ained 229
12.R omea ndC aesar 249
13.T heW innionfgt hReo maPne ace 270
14.T heI nacrnatoifto hnLe o dr 287
15G.o d Gianl ilee 315
16." IA mt hRee srurecatnitdoh nLe i ef" 351
17.H eC hosTew el-vaenPda lu 394
18.T heS eedi nt hEea trh 447
19.B olodo ft hMea tryrs 490
20.T rmipuh tohfCe ro ss 524
Bbiliaopghry 550
Index 575
INTROUDCTION
Whati sC hreinsdtoWmh?a tk inodfh sitocraybn e w rtietonf i t?
Christietsnh dreoe mio gfCn h rti-sthiatstos a,yf otrh Ceh irst,ti haen reign
ofG od recobgymn einz.Me ucdh o ft harte iigsin n vbilsseii,cn eH iksni gdom
isno otf twhoir.slM ducohf i itps e rs,os nianltchepe r imary ocfto hnicse rn
diivneP ersiosnw ithu sa sh umaann d etpeerrnsa.ol Bn usts ome
of iispt u blaincdh itsor.iW chaelrmee no fc oruagaen dm iisosnasrpyi rit
recnoigzCeh riasstt h eLiordra npdr colaHiimm C,hr sitendaopempa rassa
soc,ic auullartla npdo liptriecsaelin nc ewt ohre.l I dgtr owwsit ht hcator uage
anpdr eosfosn,ia nadb oavlebl yt hseli enitmp eotfup sry aearn edx alm.epI t
fdaewsit ht imiit,diy ndfeirfe,na cpeossy,ta andl acokfh oli.n ess
Chsrtiendhaofsma dteodd ,a ytoe dtgohefie n vbiiislt.iHy eer inU nittheed
Stast,weh ewne f oundeadc ollteobg eea rn aim,tew se s oolne aerdtn hmaots t
peopcloeu nlodl ongdeerfi, no ere vepnor nonuciet .
Forf ifteceenn tuCrhisretise ndsoahmp etdh dee velopomfWe entste rn
ciivzialt.B iuotnw ainsto atl wasyoIs.n t hsep ridnagya sn ndgi htosft hyee ar
30A .Di.nJ reuseaml,be twetehfnee aosftP sa ssoavnedPr e nctoesatlo,lf
Chirstenmdeotim no ne urpopoeomrf a n odneschroisupeit na no ut--tohfe­
ways tr:e esatm aglorlu po fm enh eadbeyda f sihearnma,n adf eww omen
froGma li.Ol ueotef t hoantre o om starh eiaosmrtaeildfcor cgeer attehraa nn y
otherk newovnen;ro m orteh aGno dH imseilsifd t e atdo d.aT yheyseea orfs
Chsrtien'dasop mpareecnltia prpseee r hapbse stttih mteeoa ttemtphtte e lling
ofi tfsu hlsilt orsitco,afr lry opmr erpaattihorno buitgrhha ngdr ow,ct ilhma,x
divisainrdoe nt,r eatt-obs emo o rarese afdoyir t cso mirnegrs ruceti.To hne
six voplrjuocemteesd fhosirt otwrhiyilc sol v eearc ohft hopshea sients h e
hitsoroyf C hirtsend:o fmonudgi n(thviosl uem,t o3 24A .D.b)u;ii lndg
(342-1100g)l;y o (r1100-15c1l7)ei;an v(g1 517-1r77e4v)o;l uatgiaoinn st
9
10 A HISTOROYF CHRSITENDOM
(71741-194m)a;tr rydo(mt htew entcieenrttyhsu icne1 194.)
Theh sitoorfCy h reinsdmt odifferfsr ocmo nvenhtsiiotorniaoelfCs h ris­
tianiintt hyta htle a tctoenrct ernavteyerl ragle,yi nfo t aelxmcolsuts oinv ely
thiesn titucthicuohron rca hlru chaensod,n c lgeyrmen.B uctl reiacrsfe a frrm o
I
beitnhgoe n lCyh rtiinsasa;n d cthhcuehr i sn oto,ra tl eansete d bneto,eht
onlCyhi rstiinaisuntitt ont,h ouigwthi alllaw ybset hmeos t itmapnaotnr,ud n i­
,
qu.eT heh itsoroyfC hsrtiemn dionucdleassa m ajoerl emenlta oytrt h e­em
poroarld ienrsa oraf si tp einse tarnaidtfln eude nbcyeC dhi rstiit.ay nTghree ater
thdeeg reoeft hpiesn aettiroorin n flnuceet,hm eo ers ignfiictsah ntete mporal
hsitosroay f efctefdot,rh hesi toroifCa hnr ismt.eH nedw oitlhle orrebefl end
eccilaesstaincpda oll ihtiioscrt.ay l
Oneo ft hgeer atesti etisrn a hgtsiehtdeo orfCy h srtiendhaosm bedeinv ii­ts
soini tnoc mopeticnhgcu hersO.n eo ft hrele atifveewil mmye deialhtyo puelf
sigfnostr h oer thoCdhortxii siannt od'assye lcrauizweodr iltsdh deec lneia,t
lonlga, so tft hiene trnbatilt eranneddsi sssne siaomno nbgei levgCi hnirstians
ast hedyic soverm agtnhuiedt oef t hiecro mmon garnocduo nmdm oinn terest
int hfea coefa na posctiaivtziea l.tT irouenecm uenidsomen som te atnh aeb an­
donmeonfct o nviacnttdir oufnto thrh sea kea s oufpf ceiari,lm eainnglaegsrse e­
mentI.mt e anbsu iilnsdgo liodnrl elyac onvicatnitduor tnhwssh iacrhfe uo nd
to sbheea d.rF ulrlen uioinss tfialarlw a.yB uhto sittaiynl cdo nteanrtei on
rceei�dg.
Thihssi toirswy ri ttbeyan C atohl,if crotmh Ceat ohlpiecr svpeew,cti thi
thceo nvitchtJaieto snCu hsr ifuosntd eacd h uracnhtd h atthv ei sicbhlcuehr
Hef uondietsdh Reo maCna thCohluicrchw hi,ct hhroiutsgsuh c ceosfPs oipoens
inp atric,uh laarsre mnaeidi,sa ,n ad lwyasw iblelH iCsh ucrha,n tdh rough
whicHhea ctisnp atricuwlaasyn ro atv ailtaomb elmeb eorfms o sotft he
separcahtcuehrd,e n sotaibntl hyHe o ly EuchariHsebt e ocbmyer saew lhliyc h
presoentn htae l taatMr a s,as nrde serivnte htdea belrenB.au cHte h aost her
sheewph oa ren oto ft hev isiCbalteih cof lold, meomfbH eirss
chcuhrt hrobuagiphst bmy w atoerrb yd esei.Mr annyo na-tClhioCchr istians
havsee rvCehdr wiesltil n-deebde,t ttheaargn r emaatn Cya tohlihcasvs ee rv­
edH mi.T hesierr vaircieen scd leiudnt hhisist yo.Cr hsrtiendomi-dteahane d
raelyio tfaC hrisptuibaolnri dce hra-bse ehnit,s orliycm,au lcmho raeC atohlic
thaaPn r otecsotnacnaetnp udtnd ertakngib,u hta esc hoaenrsde cfletiaomnosn g
manoyft he sebpraerta(htmreoednsn ot t aibntlh yEe a stOertrhno dcohxc uhre.s )
Noh siotroyf C hsrtiendaoshm e rdeei fnehda bse epnu bhleidisn E nglish
itnh tew entcieeuntrythO. f h itsoroifCe hsr iisttayin aodnft hCea tlhciCo hurch
thehrae,v o efc oruseb,e emna n.yP roblaytb hbee sitst h aotfH enDrain iel­
Ropts,r aantsefldr otmh Feer ncahn pdu ibslhienmd a nvyo leus(m bDyu tton
andi,np a per,bb ayDc okubdlaIeym agBeo okisnt)h Ueni tSeatdt ferso 1m49 6
to1 696.B uetv eDna niReolp'-gs reatfr imalnoydtr hodwooxri kns o ath iosrty
ofC hreinsdt,oo mft hCehr istpiuabnlo ridcae nrod f d evoCuhtr isltyaimnea n