A high school course in architecture

159 Pages·04.907 MB·English

by  Price, Herman Henry

A HIGH SCHOOL COURSE IN ARCHITECTURE
A P ro jeet
Presented to
the F aculty of the School of Education
The U niversity of Southern C alifo rn ia
In P a rtia l F u lfillm en t
of the Requirem ents fo r the Degree
M aster of Science in Education
by
Herman Henry P rice
August 1950
UMI Number: EP46529
All rights reserved
INFORMATION TO ALL USERS
The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted.
In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript
and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed,
a note will indicate the deletion.
Dissertatior. Pi bi shtng
UMI EP46529
Published by ProQuest LLC (2014). Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author.
Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC.
AN rights reserved. This work is protected against
unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code
ProQuest LLC.
789 East Eisenhower Parkway
P.O. Box 1346
Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346
>s-l P?Vs'
This project report, written under the direction
of the candidate’s adviser and approved by him,
has been presented to and accepted by the Faculty
of the School of Education in partial fulfillment of
the requirements for the degree of Master of
Science in Education.
Date...
Adviser
Dean
ii
PREFACE
A course in high school a rc h ite c tu re w ill lead few
indeed to th e fie ld of a rc h ite c tu re . I t seems wrong then
to devote the g re a te st p art of the course to the study of
those in tr ic a te d e ta ils which lead to the a c q u isitio n of a
lic e n se . On the o th er hand, the percentage of tw elfth
graders who w ill be aiming a t home ownership is , and
rig h tly so, extrem ely high. T herefore, a course in
a rc h ite c tu re b u ilt around the students fu tu re home would
seem to be more in lin e w ith modern progressive education
than a course in which each student le a rn s, or is urged
to lea rn , a few of the step s necessary to lay out b lu ep rin ts
fo r a departm ent sto re , or as is the case so many tim es,
learn s or is urged to learn the g reat orders and methods
of construction of many hundreds of years ago.
The u n its of th is course are b u ilt w ith th ese thoughts
in mind and the m atter of h isto ry is used only as i t e ffe c ts
the fu tu re . This is not to say th a t th ere i s no im portance
attached to the h isto ry of a rc h ite c tu re , but ra th e r th a t
the tw elfth grade is not the id eal place fo r i t s em phasis.
The w rite r has observed in h is own students of
a rc h ite c tu re , a great d e sire fo r in stru c tio n in th ree areas
of the su b ject, and i t is around these th ree areas th a t
th is course is co n stru cted . These areas are: (1) the
iii
conception of a house su ited fo r the p a rtic u la r student,
(2) the methods of building the house, and (3 ) the adm inis­
tra tio n th ere to of decorative m a te ria ls.
The area of financing is touched only lig h tly due to
i t s very changeable n atu re. Considering our p resen t
le g is la tio n and JH& and v eteran housing and many other
things too numerous to m ention, a method o u tlin ed in th is
course could very lik e ly be o bsolete by the tim e the course
is brought to the classroom . I t is believed enough, th e re ­
fo re, to show the student the most econom ical method o f
a tta in in g home ownership, w ith the m atter of paying fo r
the house brought in to the course in lig h t of the financing
methods of the p a rtic u la r period of le g a l reg u la tio n s.
The aim of the course then, is to teach the student
to design, build and decorate h is own home w ith the m ajor
portion concerned w ith actu al methods of co n stru ctio n ,
as th is appears to be the area-o f g re a te st concern. I t
is assumed th a t the student has a thorough knowledge of
the elem ents of d ra ftin g .
Heiman H. P rice
iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER PAGE
PART 1. CREATION
HOW TO DESIGN YOUR HOUSE
1. HOW TO DESIGN THE FLOOR PLANS.............................. 2
1. How to lo cate the liv in g r o o m ........................................... 2
2. How to lo ca te the k i t c h e n ..................................................... 3
3. How to lo cate the dining r o o m .......................................... 4
4. How to lo ca te the bedroom s..................................................... 4
5. How to lo cate th e b ath ro o m ..................................................... 4
6. How to lo cate the u t il i ty ro o m ........................................... 5
2. HOW TO DESIGN THE ELEVATION PLANS..................................................10
1. How to design the fro n t e l e v a t i o n ......................................10
2. How to design the rea r e le v a tio n ...........................................11
3. How to design the side e l e v a t i o n s .......................................11
4. How to design the cut away or ’Section* views . 11
5. How to design the necessary garage views . . . . 12
3. HOW TO DESIGN THE FRAMING PLANS....................................................16
1. How to design the flo o r f r a m i n g ...........................................16
2. How to design the w all fra m in g ................................................16
3. How to design th e c e ilin g f r a m i n g ............................... 17
4. How to design the roof fra m in g .................................................17
V
CHAPTER PAGE
A. HOW TO DESIGN THE FIREPLACE............................. 26
1. How to design the elev atio n v ie w s ......................................26
2. How to design the plan v i e w s ................................................27
3. How to design the section v ie w s ...........................................27
5. HOW TO DESIGN THE FOUNDATION PLANS...............................................31
1. How to design the f o o tin g ...........................................................31
2. How to design th e foundation w a l l s .................................31
3. How to design the p iers and s u p p o r t s ............................32
4. How to design the garage and/or house slab . , 32
6. HOW TO DESIGN THE UTILITY PLANS.......................................................37
1. How to design the plumbing s y s te m ......................... . 37
2. How to design the w iring s y s te m ...........................................38
3. How to design th e heating s y s t e m ......................................3^
PART 2. ERECTION
HOW TO BUILD YOUR HOUSE
7. HOW TO LAY THE FOUNDATION.....................................................................45
1. How to c le a r th e l a n d ......................................................................45
2. How to la y out the b u i l d i n g s .................................................45
3. How to perform the necessary excavation . . . . 46
4. How to pour the concrete f o o t i n g .......................................46
5. How to pour the foundation w a l l s .......................................48
6. How to in s e rt the anchor b o l t s ............................................49
vi
CHAPTER PAGE
7. Howt o se t the g i r d e r .................................... 49
8. Howt o lay s l a b - f l o o r i n g ...........................................................49
8.' HOW TO ERECT THE FRAMEWORK................................................................54
1. Howt o fasten the s i l l to the foundation . . . 54
2. How to in s e rt flo o r j o i s t s ...........................................................54
3. Howt o lay the s u b - flo o rin g ......................................................55
4. Howt o in s ta ll the w all fra m in g ............................................55
9. HOW TO BUILD THE RQQE...............................................................................59
1. Howt o frame the r o o f .............................................................. 59
2. Howt o apply roof b o a r d s ...........................................................60
3. How to in s ta ll asp h alt s h in g le s ............................................60
4. Howt o a ttac h wood s h in g le s ......................................................6 l
5. Howt o apply asbestos s h i n g l e s ...........................................6l
10. HOW TO PLIMB YOUR HOUSE............................................................. . 65
1. Howt o buy the co rrect type of p i p e .................................65
2. Howt o cut. pipe and t u b i n g ......................................................65
3. How to make solder j o i n t s .................................... 66
4. Howt o make fla re j o i n t s ..........................................................66
5. Howt o in s ta ll the w ater t a n k ................................................66
6. Howt o make the sewer . . ..........................................................66
7. How to b uild the necessary w e l l s ......................................67
vii
CHAPTER PAGE
11. HOW TO APPLY THE EXTERIOR SIDING....................................................70
1. How to apply s h e a t h i n g ................................................................70
2. How to in s ta ll in s u l a t i o n ..........................................................70
3. ' How to apply wood outside c o v e r i n g .................................71
4. How to apply stucco w all covering .................................72'
12. HOW TO BUILD THE FIREPLACE..............................................................75
1. How to lay out the b a s e ..............................................................75
2. How to in s ta ll the ash p it d o o r ..........................................75
3.- How to b u ild the chimney w a l l .................................................75
4. How to lin e the f l u e .....................................................................76
5. How to cap the c h im n e y ................................................................76
6. How to build the h e a r t h ................................................................76
13. HOW TO INSTALL WINDOWS ANDD OORS. .............................................80
1. How to assemble window fra m e s .................................................80
2. How to seal the jo in ts ag ain st th e w eather , t 81
3. How to fix window frames in o p e n in g .................................81
4. How to in s ta ll the window sash .....................................81
5. How to in s ta ll the door s i l l ...............................................82
6. How to in s ta ll the door f r a m e ...............................................82
14. HOW TO INSTALL THE WIRING....................................................................86
1. How to in s ta ll the rig id c o n d u i t ......................................86
2. How to apply armored c a b l e .....................................................87
viii
CHAPTER PAGE
3. How to in s ta ll nonm etallic c a b l e .........................88
4. How to obtain the co rrect wire s i z e ....................88
5. How to a tta c h entrance w ires to the house . . . 89
6. How to place m e te r s ............................................................90
7. How to in s ta ll o u tle t boxes . . . . . 90
8 . How to a ttac h s w i t c h e s ................................................................91
15. HOW TO INSTALL THE HEATING SYSTEM................................................94
1. How to se t up a warm a ir f u r n a c e ............................ . 94
2. How to in s ta ll a g ra v ity warm a ir system . . . 94
3. How to in s ta ll a forced warm a ir system . . . . 95
4. How to put in rad ia n t h e a t i n g ...................................95
16. HOW TO APPLY INTERIOR WALL FIN ISH .................................... . 99
1. How to in s ta ll the p la s te r b a s e ..............................99
2. How to p la s te r the w alls and c e i l i n g s .............100
3. How to apply dry w all m a t e r i a ls ............................101
17. HOW TO BUILD THE STA IRS.......................................................................104
1. How to b u ild the la n d in g s ............................................104
2. How to make the s t r i n g e r s ...........................................104
3. How to make th e t r e a d s ................................................104
4* How to cut the r i s e r s ..................................... 105
5. How to brace the s t a i r s .................................................105