A health education course of study for the ninth grade

98 Pages·04.082 MB·English

by  Stillwell, Howard A

A HEALTH EDUCATION COURSE OF STUDY
FOR THE NINTH GRADE
A Project
Presented to
the Faculty of the School of Education
The University of Southern California
In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Degree
Master of Science in Education
by
Howard A. Stillwell
August 19^0
UMI Number: EP46597
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This project report, written under the direction
of the candidate’s adviser and approved by him,
has been presented to and accepted by the Faculty
of the School of Education in partial fulfillment of
the requirements for the degree of Master of
Science in Education.
Dat L ts T ? ..
Adviser.
Dean
»
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER
I. INTRODUCTION ...............................
The problem.........................
Statement of the problem........... . . . .
Importance of the study. . . . . . . . . . .
Scope of the problem . . . . . . . . . . . .
Definition of terms used ....................
Sources of data. . . . . . .......... . . . .
Organization and content .................. .
Method of procedure....................... .
II. RELATED LITERATURE ...........................
Tessa Mae Johnson........................
Glenn H. Berry..........................
Raymond Franzen. . . . . ..................
Frank B. Jones ...........................
III. INDIVIDUAL HEALTH AND PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT . . .
Introduction ...............
The digestive system......................
The circulatory system ......................
Nutrition...................................
Personal cleanliness ............ ..........
Posture. . . . . . . . ........ . . . . . . .
Physical activity
CHAPTER PAGE
Rest, relaxation, and sleep................ ^3
Safety and first aid......... . . b?
IV. SOCIAL HEALTH............................... 58
Significance of adolescence ............. 58
The reproductive organs and process . . . . . 63
V. ' ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH.......................... 68
Hazards to life and health............... . 68
Public health agencies...................... 83
VI. SUMMARY.................................... 88
BIBLIOGRAPHY....................................... 91
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
The protection and promotion of pupil health is of
primary importance to all teachers and particularly physi­
cal education teachers. Health education, whether taught
directly or by integration, requires constant study and
preparation. It also requires that subject matter and
1
method be adapted to individual needs. It is believed poor
health practices among high school students can be reduced
by a planned health education program built upon the present
and future needs of the pupils,
I. THE PROBLEM
Statement of the problem. It was the purpose of this
study (1) to prepare a basic foundation outline of health
instruction to be used at the ninth grade level at
Junior High School; and (2) to make- this course as practical,
interesting, and functional as possible while covering individ­
ual, school, home, and community health situations.
Importance of the study. Roy E. Simpson, Superintend­
ent of Public Instruction for the State of California, in
Teaching Guide in Health Education (School Publica­
tion No. 389; Los Angeles City Schools, 19^3), p* 6.
1
writing a foreword for the Teacher1s Guide in Health Educa­
tion stated: MThe need for improved programs' in health edu-
/
cation in the secondary schools of California is evident.11
-¥as-HNuys Junior High School has been using an inte­
grated system of health education with the science, social
studies, and physical education departments all contributing*
Today*s educational concept demands that more emphasis be
placed on a health education class as a regular part of the
/ ^ ---
curriculum* ^Starting the fall term of 1950 the physical
education department will offer to all students a health
instruction class once a week in a properly equipped bungalow
easily capable of holding an average class of sixty-five*
From the above statements the importance of planning
and developing a functional health education course may -
easily be seen*
Scone of the problem. The health education material
Q-fn
(3 y 1
presented here is for use in the H^tfero«gh~^9-^evel through-
71# eu'Cf
■
out a -forty-week period on a once-a-week basis. The classes
will be composed of boys only. The material to be covered is
2
that suggested in the California State Teachers Guide and
3
the Los Angeles City Schools Teachers Health Education Guide
2 Teachers Guide in Health Education for Secondary
Schools (California State Department of Education, 19^7)*
3 Teaching Guide in Health Education. Los Angeles
City Schools, op* cit., p* 17*
as being suitable for use at the ninth grade level. The
general topics to be included ares
1. Individual health and physical development.
2. Social health.
3. Environmental health.
The health education course as presented by the physi­
cal education department is not designed to take the place
of the health instruction now being given in other depart­
ments of the school, but rather as a foundation upon which
other classes will be able to build and expand.
II. DEFINITION OF TERMS USED
Health education. A planned program of health instruc­
tion incorporated within the school curriculum and aimed at
the development of intelligent health behavior on the part of
all pupils.
III. SOURCES OF DATA
Many of the teaching aids and a good deal of the sub­
ject matter were derived from pamphlets published by life
insurance companies, food concerns, and health education
offices. This material was written for school use and the
subject matter is presented in an interesting, illustrative
manner and will be handed out to students as regular class­
room procedure.
The strictly factual matter was obtained from physiol­
ogy, anatomy, and health textbooks, talks with the school
doctor and nurse, and with experienced health education
teachers.
IV. ORGANIZATION AND CONTENT
The second chapter contains the available related
material. Some of this related material has a direct bearing
on the planning of this project and some of it helps to jus­
tify and establish the need for such a topic. The third
chapter covers individual health and physical development
with its many sub-topics.^ 6fepter four is a discussion of
social health problems. Environmental health is the central
theme of the fifth chapter, while^Ehe last chapter is a
summary of the objectives of the entire project.
V. METHOD OF PROCEDURE
The principal, vice-principals, and physical education
departments discussed the problem of health education and
established a definite need for an instructional program.
With the need established and a broad general outline of
material to be covered, the next step in the study was to
question experienced health instructors, and to extract from
teacher*s health guides, pamphlets, and textbooks the material
and teaching methods considered effective and desirable for
the ninth grade level.
CHAPTER II
RELATED LITERATURE
Tessa Mae Johnson.1 ’’Analysis of the Health Instruc­
tion Program at Washington Irving Junior High School in
Los Angeles,1* was a survey of the existing health instruc­
tion program at Washington Irving Junior High School made in
order to plan a re-organization of the health instruction pro­
gram and to integrate this into the school curriculum.
The author made the following recommendations drawn
from the conclusions of this study:
1. The health Instruction program established at
Washington Irving Junior High School should be revised and
continued for the next school year.
2. In-service training for health education should
be started at the beginning of the new school year for the
faculty.
3* Larger variety of experience under guidance of the
teacher should be given the pupil in school to formulate and
develop proper health habits and attitudes.
b. A student health committee should be established
V Tessa Mae Johnson, ?* Analysis of the Health Instruc­
tion Program at Washington Irving Junior High School in
Los Angeles,’* (unpublished Master’s thesis, The University
of Southern California, Los Angeles, 19^6). 89 pp.
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