A Guide to the Zenon Archive (P.L. Bat. 21)

777 Pages·1981·10.516 MB·English

by  Pieter Willem Pestman, Monika Korver, Willy Clarysse

A GUIDE
TO THE ZENON ARCHIVE
(P. L. Bat. 21)
COMPILED BY
P.W. PESTMAN
WITH CONTRIBUTIONS BY
W. CLARYSSE • M. KORVER • M. MUSZYNSKI • A. SCHUTGENS
W. J. TAIT • J. K. WINNICKI
A
LISTS AND SURVEYS
(CHAPTERS I-X)
LEIDEN - E. J.B RILL - 1981

This book was printed with financial support from the
Netherlands Organization for the Advancement of Pure Research (Z.W.O.)
ISBN 90 04 06325 0
90. 04 06326 9
Copyright 1981 by E. J. Brill, Leiden, The Netherlands
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or
translated in any form, by print, photo print, microfilm, microfiche
or any other means without wrillen permission from the publisher
PRINTED IN THE NETHERLANDS

PREFACE
Now that we have at last completed the manuscript of this book, which was already
announced in the preface to P. L. Bat. 20, I address myself with mixed feelings to the
final task of writing this preface.
I do so, first of all, with a genuine sense of relief, for the work has been arduous,
much more arduous than we had foreseen. Yet perhaps this was for the best; who knows
if we should have undertaken the project, had we realized beforehand what problems and
complications would arise ?
Secondly, I am thankful that I have had the good fortune to be joined by a team of
dedicated colleagues who worked extremely hard during the months when they were
staying in Leiden, and who have continued their labours afterwards, in England, in
Belgium, and in Egypt, in order to complete each contribution. It has been a pleasure to
work together on the Zenon archive, and to discuss together its problems. Gradually we
have gained clearer insights into the complexities of the material, and have come to
appreciate the richness of the information it has to offer.
In the third place, we are all deeply grateful to the Leids Universiteitsfonds and the
Faculty of Law of Leiden University for having provided us with the resources that
enabled us to embark upon this project and that have let us bring it to a successful com
pletion. Our thanks are also due to all those colleagues abroad who have assisted us during
our work, either by giving us information about Zenon papyri to which they have access,
or by making it possible for us to consult the original texts housed in Paris, in Strasbourg,
and, above all, in Cairo, or by helping us in other ways, such as by drawing facsimiles for
the list of abbreviations, or by providing us with evidence for the prosopography. To all
of them we owe our sincere gratitude. Although it is impossible to name them all, it
seems appropriate to make an exception for two of them, M. Manfredi and T. C. Skeat:
we have so often asked them for information or for advice that in the end we scarcely
dared write to them again.
Fourthly, I must confess to a certain hesitation, for I know quite well that the results
of our work are imperfect. However, I believe that we have done what lies in our power to
enable others to explore the archive and to make use of the wealth of information it con
tains. It will be hard, if not impossible for the rising generation of scholars to realize
how despairingly difficult that has been up till now: we ourselves can remember only
with an effort how daunting the archive appeared to us some two years ago.
Finally, we cannot escape a sense of sorrow, for one of the members of our team, while
staying in Egypt, died in a tragic motor-accident in the desert: M. Muszynski had been
the most enthusiastic of colleagues, and he was in fact dedicating much of his time in
Cairo to the study of Zenon papyri and to work on his contributions to the present volume.
The aim of this volume is to recreate the original archive and to treat it, as far as
possible, in the way in which any other group of closely related texts is usually treated in
VI PREFACE
papyrology. Therefore, we have compiled-mainly from the existing indexes, although
this has not always been possible or advisable-a "General index" of the Greek words
occurring in all the documents of Zenon's archive, as well as the usual special indexes
("Geography", "Religion", etc.) which we have organized so as to show as clearly as
possible what kind of information the archive contains on these particular subjects. We
were happy to discover that in some cases we were able to present in this way information
of more general interest which is not yet to be found in the papyrological literature. I feel
sure that this material, together with the Prosopography (Clarysse's masterpiece), the
chronological tables, and the surveys of the archive, will prove their usefulness in future
studies of the Zenon archive, and we hope to have given a fresh impetus to such work.
We pray that many scholars may be tempted by this fascinating archive in the years
ahead!
The contributors are many in number. It is difficult, since they have been working as
a team, to describe exactly what part each of them has had in the final result.
In the preparatory stage the material for the first chapters had to be collected, and
I then had the help of three students: Monika Korver (who also participated in the next
stage), C. van den Akker and A. van Straten. The principal aim of this preliminary work
was to compile the list of the texts belonging to the archive and the publications that were
to form the basis of our researches.
In the next period we started upon the real labour of collecting the material, and this
was undertaken by a considerably larger group. At first I had had in mind a book much
shorter than the present one, but it was not always possible to resist the enthusiasm of my
colleagues who were continually suggesting the preparation of lists and surveys in addition
to those originally planned. The names are given here of the contributors during this
period, and the chapters for which they collected the material:
W. Clarysse (Belgium) Chapters IX, X and XII
Monika Korver (The Netherlands) Chapter XVIII
M. Muszynski (Belgium) Chapters III (the Cairo material), XIX,
XX and XXI
Annette Schutgens (The Netherlands) Chapter XI
J. K. Winnicki (Poland) Chapters XIII, XIV, XV, XVI and XVII
W. J. Tait (England) assisted us in many ways that are difficult to place in the list above
and gathered the demotic material, while I myself am responsible for those parts of the
work not already mentioned. Because the number of subjects to be dealt with had grown
during this period, the work was not completely finished when the team disbanded, but
Clarysse continued working on his material in Belgium, Tait in England, and in Egypt
Muszynski, who, however, on his tragic death left unfinished some of his contributions,
in particular his material for a subject index, which unfortunately we could not finish
without unduly delaying this publication.
In the final stage the material collected has been critically examined and, whenever
necessary, checked. In some chapters, where a simple alphabetical list of words with
references seemed rather unhelpful, the material has been arranged in a different fashion.
PREFACE VII
Winnicki unfortunately had to leave us at the beginning of this final stage. P. W. A. Th.
van der Laan, a member of the staff of the Leiden Papyrological Institute, has metic
ulously taken care of the huge quantity of index cards prepared by Muszynski for the
General index (Chapter XX), while Clarysse has prepared his prosopographical material
for publication (Chapters IX and X), and the rest has been revised by myself.
January 1978 P. W. Pestman

CONTENTS OF PART ONE
LISTS AND SURVEYS
Preface ...................... . V
Selective bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . XI
Survey of the Zenon archive documents that are indexed. XIX
TEXTS
I. Texts belonging to the archive . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3
II. Related texts not belonging to the archive and rejected texts.
72
III. Inventory numbers . . . . . . . . 75
IV. Addenda and corrigenda to the texts. 98
V. Plates
Publications 158
Subjects .. 166
SYSTEMATIC SURVEYS OF THE ARCHIVE
VI. Typological survey
The contents of the archive in the successive periods. 171
Selected types of text contained in the archive 183
VII. Chronological survey
Year-numbers contained in the documents 195
Documents containing year-numbers. 199
Macedonian months .
204
Egyptian months . . .
207
CHRONOLOGY
VIII. Dating problems and chronological tables
Introduction and tables . . . . . .
Zenon in Palestine in the years 26 and 27. . . . .
Journey through the Delta in the years 28 and 29.
PERSONAL NAMES
IX. Prosopography ..... .
X. Reverse index of personal names
CONTENTS OF PART TWO
INDEXES AND MAPS
XI. Greek words in the literary texts . . .
XII. Kings, queens, and eponymous priests .
XIII. Geography
The geographical names in alphabetical order . 477
The names in geographical order . . . 503
Demotics, quarters, streets . . . . . . 5°7
Foreign products, plants, animals, etc .. 508
XIV. Religion
Gods and sacred animals . 510
Temples, etc .. 5n
Priests. . . . 513
Festivals. . . 514
Miscellaneous . 515
xv. Official and military titles 517
XVI. Trades and occupations . 527
XVII. Money, weights, and measures
Money ............ . 543
Weights ........... . 546
Linear, square, and cubic measures 547
Measures of capacity: dry measures 549
Measures of capacity: liquid measures 550
Miscellaneous . . . . . . . . . 552
XVIII. Taxes, tax-farmers, and tax-gatherers 554
XIX. Symbols and abbreviations . . 557
XX. General index of greek words . 583
XXI. Maps
The Eastern Mediterranean
Palestine
Lower Egypt
Middle Egypt