Table Of Content

A GRAMMAR OF WAMPIS by JAIME GERMÁN PEÑA A DISSERTATION Presented to the Department of Linguistics and the Graduate School of the University of Oregon in partial ful"llment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy December 2015 DISSERTATION APPROVAL PAGE Student: Jaime Germań Peña Title: A Grammar of Wampis This dissertation has been accepted and approved in partial ful"llment of the requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy degree in the Department of Linguistics by: Doris L. Payne Chairperson Scott DeLancey Core Member Spike Gildea Core Member Claudia Holguín Institutional Representative and Scott L. Pratt Dean of the Graduate School Original approval signatures are on "le with the University of Oregon Graduate School. Degree awarded December 2015 ii © 2015 Jaime Germán Peña This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (United States) License. iii DISSERTATION ABSTRACT Jaime Germań Peña Doctor of Philosophy Department of Linguistics December 2015 Title: A Grammar of Wampis This dissertation constitutes the "rst attempt at describing the grammar of Wampis (Spanish: Huambisa), a language spoken in the Peruvian Amazon. Wampis belongs to the so-called Jivaroan family of languages and is closely related to sister languages Awajun, Shuar, Shiwiar and Achuar. The grammar introduces the Wampis people and some aspects of their culture and history before analyzing the major aspects of the language from a grammatical perspective. Wampis possesses a complex prosodic system that mixes features of tone and stress. Vowel elision processes pervade most morphophonological processes. Nasalization is also present and spreads rightward and leftward through continuants and vowels. Every word in Wampis needs at least one high tone, but more can occur in a word. Morphologically, Wampis is a very rich language. Nouns and especially verbs iv have very robust morphology. A#xes and enclitics contribute di$erent meanings to words. Some morphemes codify semantic categories that are not grammatically codi"ed in many other languages, such as sudden realization, apprehensive and mirative modalities. An outstanding feature of Wampis is the pattern of argument indexation on the verb, which follows an uncommon pattern in which the verb agrees with the object (and not with the subject) if the object is a Plural Speech Act participant. Parallel to this pattern of argument indexation is the typologically uncommon pattern of object marking in Wampis, whereby a third person object noun phrase is not marked as an object if the subject is a "rst plural, second singular or second plural person. Wampis exhibits a nominative-accusative alignment. All notional objects (direct, indirect, object of applicative) are treated identically in the syntax. The preferred order is A P V. Wampis also possesses a sophisticated system of participant tracking, which is instantiated in the grammar via switch-reference markers. Another typologically uncommon feature of Wampis is the presence of a sub-system of switch-reference markers that track a participant that is not a subject. Throughout the twenty-one chapters of this grammar, other issues of Wampis related to di$erent areas of phonology, morphology and syntax are also addressed and described from a functional and a typological perspective. v CURRICULUM VITAE NAME OF AUTHOR: Jaime Germań Peña GRADUATE AND UNDERGRADUATE SCHOOLS ATTENDED: University of Oregon, Eugene Ponti"cia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima, Perú DEGREES AWARDED: Doctor of Philosophy, Linguistics, 2015, University of Oregon Master of Arts, Linguistics, 2009, University of Oregon Bachelor of Arts, Linguistics, 2002, Ponti"cia Universidad Católica del Perú AREAS OF SPECIAL INTEREST: Morphology, Typology, Syntax, Historical Linguistics, Amazonian Languages, Languages of South America, Spanish, Documentary Linguistics, Language Contact PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE: Instructor, Department of Linsguistics, University of Oregon, 2014, 2010, Summer 2007, Summer 2009 Teaching Assistant, Department of Linguistics, University of Oregon 2010-2012, 2014-2015 vi Instructor, Romance Languages, University of Oregon, 2006-2010 Teaching Assistant, College of Arts-General Studies, Ponti"cia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2000-2005 �� GRANTS, AWARDS, AND HONORS: Hendricks Scholarship, University of Oregon, 2014–2015 Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant, A Grammar of Huambisa, National Science Foundation, Award #1226222, 2012-2015 Helen Martin Scholarship, University of Oregon, 2011 Clarice Krieg Scholarship, University of Oregon, 2011 Hendricks Scholarship, University of Oregon, 2010 General Scholarship, University of Oregon, 2009 Clarice Krieg Scholarship, University of Oregon, 2008 Luvaas Fellowship, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Oregon, 2008 Summer Research Award, Documentation of Huambisa and Aguaruna, Center for Latino/Latina and Latin American Studies-University of Oregon, 2008 Everett Del Monte Scholarship, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Oregon, 2007 General Development Scholarship, University of Oregon, 2007 Graduate Teaching Fellowship, 2005-2012, 2014-2015 vii PUBLICATIONS: Peña, Jaime. To appear. Constructions with has(a) in Wampis. In S. Overall, R. Vallejos, & S. Gildea (Eds.), Non-verbal predication in Amazonian languages. John Benjamins. 2011. Review of The Motivated Syntax of Arbitrary Signs. Peña, Jaime. Cognitive constraints on Spanish clitic clustering, by Erica Garcı́a. Studies in Language 34(3): 717-25 Peña, Jaime. 2011. Review of Uchumataqu: The Lost Languages of the Urus of Bolivia, by Katja Hannß. Studies in Language 33(4): 1010-16. Peña, Jaime. 2009. A historical reconstruction of Peba-Yagua linguistic family. MA Thesis, University of Oregon. Peña, Jaime. 2008. Complex clauses in Chipaya: main strategies for complementation, relativization and adverbial subordination. Proceedings of the Conference on Indigenous Languages of Latin America III, University of Texas at Austin. Payne, Doris L. & Jaime Peña (Eds.). 2007. Selected Proceedings of the 37th Annual Conference on African Linguistics. Sommerville, MA: Cascadilla Peña, Jaime. 2007. Perdere il cielo. Breve revisione dei concetti di contatto, colpa e contagio nei popoli indegeni dei Peru. Trickster, rivista del Master in Studi Interculturali, 4, Universita ́ di Padova Peña, Jaime. 2006. La primera lexicografía andina: paralelismos, préstamos y reajustes semánticos en Quechua y Aimara (1532-1640). In Mar Campos, Félix Córdoba and José Ignacio Pérez Pascual (Eds.), América y el Diccionario. A Coruña, Spain: Universidade da Coruña. viii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I wish to express my sincere appreciation to the Wampis people who taught me so much more than their language, specially to Juan Luis Nuningo Puwai and his family, Shapiom Noningo Sesén, Atilio Nuningo Noningo, Andrés Nuningo Graña, Dina Ananco Ahuananchi, Lidia Wajarai, Clara Navarro, Josué Yacum, Eder Yacum, and Óscar Jimpikit and his family. I am grateful to the Wampis leaders Juan Luis Nuningo, Julio Hinojosa and Alfonso Graña for allowing me to carry out my research and for helping me make contacts in di$erent communities of Kanus. In Jaén, my appreciation to the people of Centro Waimaku and to the Carranza family for welcoming me at their house at di$erent times while traveling for "eld work. I would like to express my gratitude to my advisor, Professor Doris L. Payne, for supporting me all these years. I really do not know where I would be without Doris’ guidance; certainly not "nishing a dissertation. She has very patiently read and re-read through every piece of this work and has given my chaotic thoughts a legible form. Our conversations have greatly enriched my understanding not only of language, but of how to do research in general. Scott DeLancey and Spike Gildea are great professors and scholars, and great people. As their student or assistant, I have learned a lot from them. I am honored to have them in my committee and grateful for their comments and criticism. I am grateful to Claudia Holguín for supporting my project since we met for the "rst time and for her comments on my work. ix All of my friends at the Department of Linguistics of the University of Oregon have helped me keep my sanity at acceptable levels, especially Rosa Vallejos (and Óscar and Álvaro), Michael Ahland, Yolanda Valdez. Shahar Shirtz, Manuel Otero, Danielle Barth, Ellen Kress and Matt Stave provided insightful comments on the Wampis data or helped with my questions about English. My thanks also to all of my professors and sta$ at the Department of Linguistics and to the people at Romance Languages, with whom I worked when I started my graduate career in Oregon. My research was supported by the Department of Linguistics, a 2008 Summer Research Grant by the Center for Latino/ Latina and Latin American Studies, and a Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant awarded by the National Science Foundation (Award 1226222). I would be nowhere without the love and support of my parents, Isaac Jaime and Zadith. My sister Ketty has been my best friend since before I was born, and I am always happy to see her, her husband Yuri and my nephew Iván. My in-laws are always supportive of our endeavors, I am especially grateful to Teresa Arellano for everything she has done for us. I am indebted to Adriana Da Silva, who has helped me greatly with the maps. Adriana not only found time to help me, but also to be a great mother to our sons Joaquín Alejandro, Nicolás Jaime and Octavio Carlo. All of you are the greatest thing to ever happened upon me. Language fails me to express how much I love you all. x