A Grammar and Dictionary of Indus Kohistani. Volume 1: Dictionary

520 Pages·16.256 MB·Dardic-English

by  Zoller Claus Peter.

A Grammar and Dictionary of Indus Kohistani
Volume 1: Dictionary
≥
Trends in Linguistics
Documentation 21-1
Editors
Walter Bisang
Hans Henrich Hock
Werner Winter
(main editor for this volume)
Mouton de Gruyter
Berlin · New York
A Grammar and Dictionary
of Indus Kohistani
Volume 1: Dictionary
by
Claus Peter Zoller
Mouton de Gruyter
Berlin · New York
MoutondeGruyter(formerlyMouton,TheHague)
isaDivisionofWalterdeGruyter&Co.,Berlin.
(cid:1)(cid:1) Printedonacid-freepaperwhichfallswithintheguidelines
oftheANSItoensurepermanenceanddurability.
LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
Zoller,ClausPeter.
A grammar and dictionary of Indus Kohistani / by Claus Peter
Zoller.
p. cm.(cid:1)(Trendsinlinguistics.Documentation;21-1)
InEnglishandIndusKohistani.
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindexes.
ISBN3-11-017947-4(hardcover:alk.paper)
1.IndusKohistanilanguage(cid:1)Grammar. 2.IndusKohistanilan-
guage(cid:1)Dictionaries. I.Title. II.Series.
PK7045.M3Z65 2005
491.4199(cid:1)dc22
2005012901
BibliographicinformationpublishedbyDieDeutscheBibliothek
DieDeutscheBibliothekliststhispublicationintheDeutscheNationalbibliografie;
detailedbibliographicdataisavailableintheInternetat(cid:2)http://dnb.ddb.de(cid:3).
ISBN 3-11-017947-4
”Copyright2005byWalterdeGruyterGmbH&Co.KG,D-10785Berlin
All rights reserved, including those of translation into foreign languages. No part of this
bookmaybereproducedortransmittedinanyformorbyanymeans,electronicormechan-
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PrintedinGermany.
Contents
Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
MapofIndusKohistan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1. IndusKohistani . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.1. Languagename . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.2. ThetermDardic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.3. DialectsofIndusKohistani . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.4. Historyofresearch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.5. Ownresearch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1.6. Languagesetting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
1.7. Adiachronicalsketch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1.8. Adiatopicalsketch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1.9. DardicandNuristani . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1.10. Borrowingsandsubstrata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
1.11. Onplacenames . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
2. Technicalaspectsofthedictionary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
1. Introductoryremarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
2. Onphonologyandtonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
3. Somepitchaccentrules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
4. Furthertechnicaldetails . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
5. Theverbalparadigms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
6. Remarksondifferentalphabeticalorders . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
7. Remarksonthetranscription . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
8. Alphabeticorder. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
9. TransliterationofPashtowords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
10. Abbreviationsandsymbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
10.1. General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
10.2. Languagesanddialects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
11. Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
3. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
vi Contents
4. IndusKohistani–English . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
5. English–IndusKohistani . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 417
6. OldIndo-Aryan–IndusKohistani . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477
Appendices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 499
A. Selectednumerals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 499
B. Daysoftheweek . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 500
C. Monthsoftheyear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 501
D. PlacenamesneartheIndus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 502
E. Placeandclannames . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 504
Acknowledgements
This grammar of Indus Kohistani is the result of a project conducted within
the framework of the joint Pakistani-German research project Cultural Area
Karakorum.TheresearchprojectwasfinancedbytheDeutscheForschungs-
gemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Council) and by the Gesellschaft fu¨r
TechnischeZusammenarbeit(GTZ,SocietyforTechnologicalCooperation).
My thanks go to both, especially to the DFG for its generous funding of my
researchoveranextendedperiodoffouryears.
BeingaguestofthepeopleofIndusKohistanturnedouttobeanexciting
andchallengingexperience.Inthefirstplace,thiswasduetothecircumspec-
tion and dependability of my main language consultant Khangir Khan from
thevillageofJija¯l.Ourworkonthegrammarwas,however,significantlysup-
portedbyhisbrotherZamanKhanandbyJumaKhanfromJija¯l.Wereceived
additional help from Sher Mohammad Khan and Sher Afzal from the vil-
lageofBas¯ınnearGilgit,andfromYarMohammadandMashrufKhanfrom
the village of Pari Bangla below Gilgit. My thanks also go to Akhtar Khan,
main language consultant for Bhat.¯ıse (Bat.er.a), to Muhammad Zaman from
thevillageofHilaboveBatgram,languageconsultantforGaba¯r(Gowro),and
to Sarwar Khan and Muhammad Ghulam, language consultants for Sha¯t.o¯t.¯ı.
Muhammed Manzar Zarin fromRawalpindi was the good spirit in the back-
groundwhosecuredthesmoothcontinuationofourwork.
WorkingwiththemusiciansandstorytellersofIndusKohistanwasalways
especiallypleasurableforme.IamthankfultothesingerHazratAliandthe
DomSidak,bothfromthevillageofJija¯l.
GeorgBuddruss–theheadofthisproject,mentorandfriend–introduced
metotheDardiclanguages.HewasmyconsultantwheneverIfacedaspecial
problem,andhisunerringjudgementsavedmefromvariouswronginterpre-
tationsofthedatacollected.Anyremainingerrorsare,ofcourse,exclusively
myresponsibility.Ialsoreceivedassistance,importantsuggestionsandtech-
nicalsupportforthespeechanalyzerfromJoanL.G.BaartandCarlaRadloff
inIslamabad.DuringdecisiveperiodsoftheprojectIreceivedhelpfromIrm-
traudStellrechtandfrommembersoftheGermanEmbassyinIslamabad.
ItisthankstoWernerWinterthatthisgrammarcanbepublishedatMou-
tondeGruyter.Iamespeciallygratefultohimforundertakingthepainstaking
taskofproofreadingadictionary.OvermanymonthsChristophEyrichhelped
viii Acknowledgements
mewithmuchexpertiseandpatienceinbringingtheLATEXcomputerfilesof
thisgrammarintothepresentshape.MythanksgoalsotoBirgitSievertand
Wolfgang Konwitschny from Mouton de Gruyter. Nils Harms prepared the
map of this book. Despite this broad support, the project could hardly have
been completed without my wife and children, who decided to accompany
me to Pakistan. It was not an easy decision for them, but they did not regret
it.
IndusKohistanilanguageareatothewestoftheriverIndus