A generic revision of the Oncomerinae (Heteroptera: Pentatomoidea: Tessaratomidae)

23 Pages·2000·8.7 MB·English

by  David Patrick Sinclair

AGENERIC REVISION OF THE ONCOMERINAE (HETEROPTERA:
PENTATOMOIDEA: TESSARATOMIDAE)
DAVID PATRICK SINCLAIR
Sinclair, D.R 2000 12 31: A generic revision of the Oncomerinae (Heteroptera:
Pentatomoidea: Tessaratomidae). Memoirs ofthe QueenslandMuseum 46(1): 307-329.
Brisbane. ISSN 0079-8835.
The fifteen accepted genera ofthe tessaratomid shield bug, subfamily Oncomerinae, are
reviewed and adifferential key provided. Anew diagnosis ofthesubfamily is established.
Generic redescriptions and illustrations ofrepresentative species are given for all genera
except the newly described Tibiospina Sinclair. Distribution records and foodplants are
summarisedforeachgenus.All known speciesare listed. Heteroptera, Tessaratomidae,
Oncomerinae, generickey, hostplants, genitalia, distribution, Australia.
DavidPatrickSinclair, DepartmentofPlantPathologyandAgriculturalEntomology(now
DepartmentofCropSciences). The UniversityofSydney, Sydney2006, Australia. Present
address: 158RobertStreet, Atherton4883, Australia; 15February2000.
ThetessaratomidsubfamilyOncomerinae Stal (Monteith, 1998) and Garceus fidelis Distant
currently includes 15 genera and 57 species (thispaper).
(Rolston et al., 1993; Sinclair, 2000) occurring MATERIALS AND METHODS
predominantly in the Australian zoogeographic
region(sensuCranston&Nauman, 1991).Major SpecimensExamined.Whereverpossible,atleast
publicationsonthesubfamilysubsequenttoStal, five adult females and five adult males ofeach
someofwhichincludekeystothegeneraknown specieslistedunderthegenericdescriptionswere
at that time, include Horvath (&1900b), Kirkaldy examined.Abbreviations:*=Type/s;P=photo.
a(1n9d09K)u,mLaerst(o1n9(691)9.55a),Leston Scudder(1957) GenitaliaPreparationandDescriptions. Genital
segments were cleared by immersion in boiling
All ofthe 12 oncomerine genera that occur in 10-15% potassium hydroxide for 5-30 minutes.
Australia are confined to the eastern halfofthe After several washes in tap water the segments
continent, where most are restricted to the were dissected using finejewellers forceps and
narrow, moist, northeastern, coastal belt which micropins mounted on the apex ofmatchsticks.
enjoys a tropical or subtropical climate. Within The aedeagus was teased into its fully everted
thatzonetherearethreeareasofdiversity,eachof state using fine jewellers forceps to grasp the
whichhas aboutsevengeneraoccurringmoreor basal plates of the aedeagal phallosoma, and
less sympatrically. These areas are: i) the north- anotherpairtograspthebaseofthevesicainside
em half of Cape York Peninsula; ii) the Wet thephallotheca.Afterexaminationintapwateror
Tropics zone between Cooktown and Towns- 70% alcohol the genitalia were stored in
ville;andiii)theregioncomprisingtheSEcorner glycerine-filled microvials beneath the
ofQueensland andtheNE comer ofNew South specimen. Descriptionsofthe fullyeverted male
Wales. aedeagus were made viewing the aedeagus in
profile while it lay on its side in the natural
This paper redescribes 14 of the 15 genera position. The terms 'distal' and 'proximal'
currentlyincludedinthesubfamilyOncomerinae; conjunctival processes are applied in a relative
the remaining genus, Tibiospina, was recently sense following Kumar & Ghauri (1970).
described (Sinclair, 2000). Redescriptions are Descriptionsofthespermathecacommencefrom
necessary as the majority ofthese genera were the bulb-end ofthe duct.
describedin thenineteenth century. The generic LineDrawings.Linedrawingsweremadeusinga
redescriptions have required a redescription of camera lucida attached to a binocular
the subfamily.
microscope.
An interesting aspect of their little known Systematic Descriptions. A diagnosis and des-
biology isnymphalphoresy, which occurs inthe cription is given forthe subfamily Oncomerinae
females ofat leastthree genera: Climatepallida and for each included genus within it (for
Blote, Peltocopta crassiventris (Bergroth) Tibiospina, see Sinclair, 2000). Diagnostic
308 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM
characters are unique at the subfamily level lackingaAl ( =Pcu) stridulitrum; metathoracic
(when compared to the two other tessaratomid scent gland ostiole with prominent spout on
subfamilies)orthegeneric level(whencompared anterior margin (Fig. 5B,C); presternum
to otheroncomerine genera). medially flatto weakly sulcate, ifsulcate, never
Generic synonymies and homonymies were bounded laterally by posteriorly convergent,
given by Rolston et al. (1993), and are not acutely to laminately produced carinae. Legs.
repeated here unless there are significant Hind femora of male unarmed on subbasal
references omitted hy those authors. inferiorsurface; tarsi 3-segmented.
Foreachgenericdescription: 1)body length is Female genitalia. Paratergite 8 not or weakly
the maximum length from thejugal apex to the expanded laterally compared to paratergite 9;
abdominal apex; 2) head width versus length is spermathecal duct tubular between bulb and
themaximum widthacrossthelateral marginsof distal flange.
thecompoundeyewhencomparedtothedistance
from thejugal apex to an imaginary line drawn Malegenitalia. Sternum 8 concealed by sternum
betweentheocelli;3)whensternum2isstatedas 7u;nmboadsiaflieddo;rspaalrsaumrefraecsewohfeenjapcruelsaetnotruynirersaemrovuosi,r
being medially 'simple' the area is convex or
elongate.
ridge-like rather than being modified into a
tubercle or spine; 4) when the intersegmental REMARKS. Leston (1955a) divided the sub-
sutureofabdominal sterna2-3 terminatesdorso- familyOncomerinaeintosubtribesPiezostemaria
laterally on the lateral margin of the abdomen (for the genus Piezosternum) and Oncomeraria
(sleae.tegen.roiFtniegra.gidt5oerCs)2alt(hveei.ge.fwirFsotifg(.tbhae5sDaa)lb.mdooWsmthi)enanllatttehreeortgeiurngmtietrie-s o(lfononrtgh,aellffolotelhxleiobrwlioen,ngcoccohmiaelrreaicdt;neermsge.etnPeairseatz)oe.srtTnehumimasrwipaar:sovdbeuascsieecdda
segmental suture of abdominal sterna 2-3 forwards into a long, wide-based spine;
terminates dorsoanteriorly on the lateral margin EthiopianandNeotropical. Oncomeraria: Vesica
of the abdomen (e.g. Fig. 5B) 'laterotergite 2' rigid or semi-rigid, not elongate and coiled;
becomes sublateral in position, withthe anterior metasternum flat or swollen but neverproduced
margin of laterotergite 3 forming an angulate forwards; Oriental and Australasian. This
wedgelateraltoit.Laterotergite3 isthusthefirst division is not recognised here as the flexible
(basalmost) abdominal laterotergite.
vesicastatefoundinPiezosternumalsooccursin
Food Plants. In the Biology section for each Agapophyta and Neosalica. A more appropriate
genusthehigherbotanical classification usedfor division would be Piezosternum and Neosalica
recorded foodplants follows Mabberley (1989). versus all remaining oncomerine genera, as the
SScohmaeefoefrt&heAfohomdpaldan(t19i8n7f)o.rmationispresentedin seixttueartneadldoorpsealnliynginoPfiezthoestmeranluempayndgoNpehoosraleicias
SYSTEMATICS (e.g. Fig. 6D) and posteriorly in all other
Oncomerinae (e.g. Fig. 6B,C).
Subfamily ONCOMERINAE Stal
KEYTO GENERAOF ONCOMERINAE
TYPEGENUS. Oncomeris Laporte, 1832.
1. Pronotum produced posteriorly overscutellarbase(e.g.
DIAGNOSIS. Base of hemelytral membrane Fig.4A) 2
with two or less basal cells (basal cells usually Pronotumterminatingalscutellarbase 4
absent)(Figs 1,2,3,4A,B);veinsR+MandCuof 2. Metasternumwithbroadcarinaproducedanteriorly and
hindwingparallelandnarrowlyseparatedorcon- adpressedtomesosternum(Fig.6Q)
Piezosternum
tiguousonproximal 2/3 (Fig. 4D); paratergites9 . ,
of female separated medially by proctiger (Fig. Metasternum lacking broad carina or if broad carina
present,notproducedanteriorly 3
5E).
3. l'ronotallateralanglesproducedasacutespines(Fig.4B)
DESCRIPTION. Body length 12-43mm. Neosaliea
Head. Preocular tubercle absent; antennal seg- l'ronotallateralanglesroundlyproduced
Tlhio.ipina(seeSinclair,20001
ment2rounded-prismaticincrosssection;rostral
apex reachingmesosternum ornietasternum. 4. Medialareaofabdominalsternum3producedanteriorly
asadistinctspine(e.g.Fig.6E,H) 5
Thorax. Coriomembranal suture of fore wing Medialareaofabdominalsternum3simpleortuberculate
concave-sinuate (Figs 1, 2, 3, 4A,B); hind wing (e.g.Fig.6F,G) II
. . ;
GENERA OF ONCOMERINAE 309
5. Apex of abdominal sternum 3 spine reaching mela- spermatheeal duct below the proximal flange
sternum;mesosternalxyphusproducedposteriori) asa initially slenderthen variably dilated and coiled
bifurcation(Fig.61:) Agapophyta
Apex of abdominal sternum 3 spine reaching to its base (see Kumar, 1969: Fig. 91).
mesosternumor(occasionally)presternum;mesosternal
xyphussimple,tumidorcarinate 6 DESCRIPTION. Body length 13-20mm; dorsal
6. Forefemorawithaprominentspineonventralsubapical view (Fig. 1A).
anteriormargin 7
Head. Wider than long; antennae 4-segmented,
Fore femora unarmed on ventral subapical anterior
margin 8 apex reaching scutellum; jugae medially con-
7. Pronotal anterolateral margins produced as curved (in tiguous anterior to tylus; rostral apex reaching
dorsal view), variably explanate processes (Fig. 3B); mesosternum.
hindtibiaeflattened(Fig.4E) Oncomeris
Pronotal anterolateral margins not produced, sublinear Thorax. Posteriorpronotalmarginterminatingat
(indorsalview)(Fig.3C);hindtibiaedilatedsubbasally scutellar base; scutellum longerthan wide, apex
oninnermargins(Fig.4F) Plisthenes reaching from abdominal terga 5-7; hamus of
8. Ostiolar spout long when compared to distance from hind wing absent; mesosternum with anterior
ostiole to dorsal extremity ofostiolar plate (Fig. 5B) medial tubercle, xyphus broadly swollen,
Careens
remainder as in diagnosis; metasternum tumid,
Ostiolar spout short when compared to distance from posterior margin not produced over second
ostioletodorsalextremityofostiolarplate(Fig.5C)
. .9 abdominal sternum, remainderas in diagnosis.
9. Abdomen in dorsal view with lateral margins highly Abdomen. Intersegmental suture of abdominal
vcoinevwexatbase(Fig. IB);headlongerthanwideindEorrsgaal sterna 2-3 terminating dorsoanleriorly (e.g. Fig.
Abdomen in dorsal view with lateral margins weakly 5B); sternum 2 medially simple; sternum 3
convexatbase;headwiderthanlongindorsalview . . medially with apex of spine reaching meta-
10 sternum.
10. Abdomen in dorsal view with lateral margins strongly
taperedposteriorly(Fig.3D) Lyramorpha Legs. Fore femora on subapical, anteriormargin
Abdomen in dorsal view with lateral margins weakl) ofinferiorsurfaceunarmed;hind femoraofmale
taperedposteriorly(Fig.2D) Tamolia slenderwhen comparedto mid andhind femora,
11 1lindtibiaebearingtwodistinct'teeth' on innermargins subapical inferiorsurface unarmed.
(Fig.5A) Rhuecus
Female Genitalia. Selerotised rami present;
Hindtibiaeunarmedoninnermargins 12
12. Antennae 4-segmented; mesosternal xyphus bicarinate, spermatheeal bulb spherical in profile, sperm-
sulcatemedially Stilida atheeal duct as in diagnosis.
Antennae 5-segmented; mesosternal xyphus simple or Male Genitalia. Pygophore, external opening
longitudinallycarinate 13
posteriorin position; aedeagus, vesicaforming a
13. BpordoynodtiasltinmcatlrygiBnastteannedd ianbcdroomsisnsaelctiloant;eraanltermoalragteirnasl mostly membranous tube; conjunctiva with at
foliaceous(Fig. IC) Peltocopta least one pair of mostly selerotised latero-
Bodyflattenedorbiconvexincrosssection;anterolateral proximal processes (see Kumar, 1969: fig. 66).
pronotalmarginsandabdominallateralmarginsacutely
produced 14 INCLUDED SPECIES. A. astridae Schouteden,
14. Rostral segment 1 enclosed by bucculae; scutellarapex 1933, *2; A. aurantiaca Blote. 1945, *S\ A.
reachingtoabdominallergite5 Cumare bipunctata Guerin, 1831, <59; A. boschmai
Rostral segment I surpassing bucculae posteriorly; Blote, 1945, 6 9 A. distincta Blote, 1952, 6 A.
scutellar apex reaching to abdominal tergite 4 ; ;
Musgraveia occidentalis Blote, 1945, *8,6;A. similisBlote,
1945, P; A. undescribed species, Mt Kaindi,
GENERIC DESCRIPTIONS PapuaNewGuinea 6 9;A. ustulataBlote, 1945,
Agapophyta Guerin, 1831 *6 9, 6 9:A. vankampeniBlote, 1945,*$, 6 9
A. viridula Blote, 1945.
TYPESPECIES.AgcpophytabipunctataGuerin, 1831 DISTRIBUTION. Australia(Qld, as farsouth as
DIAGNOSIS. Apex ofscutellum bifurcate (Fig. Cardwell); New Guinea; Woodlark Island;
1A);mesosternalxyphusproducedposteriorlyas Bismarck Archipelago (Duke of York Island,
abifurcation,adpressedtometasternum laterally New Britain, New Ireland); Solomon Islands
(Fig.6E);posteriorhalfofmetasternummedially (Kei and Kilinailau Islands); Moluccas (Aru,
broadlysulcatetoreceiveentiredorsal surfaceof Bum, Misool and Salawati Islands); Sulawesi;
third abdominal sternal spine (Fig. 6E); Sumatra;Java;MalayPeninsula(WestMalaysia).
MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM
510
I PKei.ltoIc.opAtdualctrsu,ssdiowrisiailrisvi(eBwe:rgrAo.thA);gaDp.opGhayrtcaeubstpfuindecltiastDaisGtuaenrti.rtS;caBl.e bEarrgs;u Alo=ngi3t,u9di8nmaml,fsH(=Wb3s.t4w4omodm),;C(=.
6.66mm, D= 4,K7mni.
Amyot & Serville (1843) listed Agapophyta hiictfera L. (Arecales: Palmae) (S/ent-lvany &
lium Tasmania (Australia). This record requires Catley. 1960): on leaves of Hibiscus sp.
confirmation. (Malvales: Malvaceae) (Mr W. Foung, pcrs.
eomm.); A. boschniai on pods qj LeUGQSna
BIOLOGY. Foodplants.L bipunaatu: on shoots leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit (syn. L. glauca
o\ Cassia fistula L. (Fabales: Leguminosae) Benth.) (Fabales: Leguniinosae) (label data); an
(Kumar, 1969); on voting leaves of Cocos Agapophyta sp. on shoots, flower buds of
.
GENERA 01 0NCOMER1NAE
Cajanm en/an (L.J Millsp. fEahaks; Legumin- with one pair oflightly sclemiised dorsolateral
osac) (Young, 1984), proximal processes; one pair of elongate,
REMARKS. Apart from an nude-scribed species mpaeimrborfamnoeumsb,radnoorsuoslaltaetrearloddiissltaallpprroocceesssseess;(eoanceh
from Mi Kaindi, Papua New Guinea, and
process forming bifurcate lobes, one lobe
occasional specimens of A. vaftkampeni, all directed towards phallosoma, other lobe away
remaining species ofAgqpqphytQ have a black from phallosoma): one pair ofelongate, lightly
s•alsp.eoet(1Faii9g9.t3h]IeAagp)i.veAexstoytfphoteghreyaefpaohrirceoawlfinedgrersmocerrdiiipnatRlioolfnsratocoftnuAreet (ssceleeraoltsioseKduvmeantrr.ol1at9e6r9a:ltdiigssta6l0,pr6o1ce).sses(1 ig, 61]
boschmai as 1845, The correct date is 1945. INC LUDED SPP.CI1 S. Cumare pallida Blote.
Kumar (1969) labelled the male aedeagul 1945, * i. o V; Cumare undescribed spi
conjunctivalprocessesas being ventrelateraland Kiunga, Papua New Guinea, ?
proximal in position in A. bipunctata. These
processesareactually lateroprosimalinposition BrisbaInsel)B;IJPTaIpOuNa.ANuestwralGiuain(eQakL(aKsiifmargas:OUtDharitu*
Cumare Blotc. 1945 l-:iand|.
rYPESPfe iiIS ' >iu!lV[ki!ltJ«Wm:. I sBtIiOglmaDGspY.,(FFuopohdoprlbainatlse.s:C,huip>huolrlbuliaaeoenaeiP.iGU.
DIAGNOSIS. Body flattened in cross section: Monteith. pers. comm., label data).
rostral segment t-nclosed by bncculac.
I R MARKS, The undescribed spec;.
DESCRIPTION, Body length 12-19mm: dorsal Kiunga is noticeably largerthan C. pallida.
view (Fig. 1 A).
Erga Walkei, IXoN
Head. Wider than long; antennae 5-segmented,
apex reaching sculellum; jugae contiguous
TV I'l SP| ' lliS.Ergalongiliidmalu{\\!^t\\i*\<S, l;Si?.i)
medially anterior to tylus; rostral apex reaching
niesostemum. DIAGNOSIS. Dorsally, abdomen with lateral
Thorax, Posteriorpioiiotal marginterminatingat margins highly convexbasally (Fig. IB); sperm-
scutellarbase: sculellum longerthan wide, apex athccal duet below proximal flange initially
reaching abdominal tergurn 5; liamus of hind slender then distally dilated, latter subsequently
Wing absent: niesostemum with anterior broad narrowedasproximaldilationtobaseofduct(see
medial tubercleortubercleabsent; Xyphuscarin- Kumar, 1969- fig. So): aedeagal conjunctiva ol
ate to broadly carinate; metasternum swollen, male with one pair of mostly sclerotised
withnarrow medial longitudinal carinaorcarina ventrolateral proximal processes (Fig. 701
absent; posterior margin not produced over DESCRIPTION, Body length 12-15 -mm;
second abdominal sternum, when produced dorsal view (Fig. IB)
teaching second abdominal sternum
Head. Longerthan wide; antennae 5-segmcnted.
Ibdom&j, Intersegmental suture of abdominal apex reaching scutcllum; jugae contiguous.
sterna2-3terminatingdorsoantcriorly.sternum2 medially anterior to tylus; rostral apex read
medially forming noticeably convex ridge; mcsosicrniim.
sternum3 medially withantcnoi conical tubercle
Thorax Posterior pioiiotal margin terminatingat
pressing anteriorly under abdominal sternum 2. scutellar base; .sculellum longer (ban wide, apex
Legs, fore femora on subapical. anterior margin reaching abdominal tergurn 5; hamus of hind
ofinferiorsurfaceunarmed; hind femora ofmale wing abseni; mesosicimim lacking anterior
slender when compared to mid and hind femora, medial carina or tubercle, xyphus swollen with
subapical inferior surface unarmed medial groove; metaslemuiri swollen, concave
Female Genitalia. Sclerotised rami abseni; posteriorly to receive dorsal suhhasal sitrfd
spermathceal bulb spherical in profile, sperm- adpressed third abdominal sternal -
alhecal duel below the proximal flange usually posterior margin not produced over second
slender, with lateral duel leading to sac-like abdominal sternum.
usioii (see Kumar, 1969: fig. 90). 4hili>meii Intersegmental suluic of abdominal
Mule Genitalia. Pygophoie, external opening sterna2-3 terminatingdorsoantcriorly;sternum 2
posterior m posilmn acdcigu'., Vfsien lormmg a mediallysimple;.sternum3 mediallyV\itha|u
sclerotised tube ofvariable profile; OonjlUl Spinereaching mesostentum.
312 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM
FIG.2.Adults,dorsalview;A,CumarepallidaBlote;B,SrilidaindecoraStallC,Musgraveiasulcivenrris(Slal);
D, Tamoliasp. Scalebars: A=4.37mm, B =6.46mm,C= 5.88mm, D= 6.08mm/
Legs, Fore femora on subapical, anteriormargin Female Genitalia. Sclerotised rami present;
ofinferiorsurfaceunarmed;hindfemoraofmale spermathecal bulb non-spherical in profile,
slender whencompared tomid and hind femora, s,pe,rm,at„hec,al,d.uc„t as in diagnosis.
subapical inferior surface unarmed.
1 Male Genitalia. Pygoph,ore, ext,ernal, opening
posterior inposition; aedeagus: vesicaforminga
GENERA OF ONCOMER1NAE
I Id. 3, \dults, dorsal view; \,Rhoecvsamtralatiae(WestwQOd); B. Oncamer-is$p.\ C,Piistkenestne\
>;Fabii«Us);D,LyrtimorpharoseaWesrwood.Stalebars:A 7.39mm,B-6.90mm.f' - 7 I'1mm.D=5.34mm,
Sfclerotised tube of variable profile; aedeagal INt'l UDED SPECIES. Ergo longitudinal™
conjunctivawith:onepairofmembranousdorso- Westwood, I837;
medial distal process: one pair ot membranous DISTRIBUTION. Australia (Old, NSW).
ventrolateral distal processes (Fig. 7(5). remain- Records from Tasmania and 'New Guinea'
indiagnosis(seealsoKumar, lc;"' : fig.43). require confirmation (sec also Gross. 1975: 79),
314 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM
BIOLOGY. The biology ofE. longitudinalis is INCLUDED SPECIES. Garceus fidelis Distant,
briefly discussed by Kumar (1969). Foodplants: 1893, 6 9.
Eb.laclkoinig(iFt.uMduineallli.s)Ro.nGesehsoiontks(soyfn.AuLsotnrcohsoteceanripsuisa DISTRIBUTION.Australia(WetTropicsarea,N
blackii F. Muell.) (Fabales: Leguminosae) Qld). ArecordfromPeakDownsinthesemi-arid
(Kumar. 1969). inlandnearClermontrequires confirmation.
REMARKS. This genus may be confused with BIOLOGY. The biology and foodplants ofthe
genus are unknown. Four large dead nymphs
the genusAgapophyta(Fig. 1A).
were found adhered to the basal, ventral surface
Garceus Distant, 1893 NofMthNeHabdcoolmleenctiendaidneatdhepienanreldyfe1m9a0l0esfrboymJt.hFe.
TYPESPECIES.GarceusfidelisDistant, 1893. IfloluirnngywomrpthhsatweBraebisnedpaarainteNdfQruoementshelafnedm.alTeheasned
DIAGNOSIS. Body weakly flattened in cross stored in anassociatedplastic vial.
section; ostiolar spout long when compared to Lyramorpha Westwood, 1837a
distance from ostiole to dorsal extremity of
ostiolarplate (Fig. 5B). TYPESPECIES.LyramorpharoseaWestwood, 1837a.
DESCRIPTION. Body length: 17-22mm; dorsal DIAGNOSIS. Dorsally, abdomen in dorsalview
view (Fig. ID). with lateral margins stronglytaperedposteriorly
Head. Wider than long; antennae 5-segmented, (Fig. 3D).
aanpteexriroeratcohtiynlguss;cruotsetlrlaluma;pjeuxgraeeacchoinntgigmueosuosstmeedrinaulml.y vDiEeSwC(RFIigP.T3IDO)N..Bodylength16.5-30mm;dorsal
Thorax. Posteriorpronotalmarginterminatingat Head. Wider than long; antennae usually
scutellarbase; scutellum longerthanwide, apex 5-segmented (4-segmented in L. rosea), apex
reaching abdominal tergum 5; hamus of hind reaching scutellum; jugae usually contiguous
wing absent; mesosternum with anterior medial medially anterior to tylus; rostral apex usually
carina; xyphus broad, swollen; metasternum reaching mesosternum.
weakly convex, concave posteriorly to receive
dorsal subbasal surface of adpressed third Thorax. Posteriorpronotalmarginterminatingat
scutellarbase; scutellum longerthan wide, apex
abdominal sternal spine, posterior margin not
reaching from abdominal terga 5-6; hamus of
produced oversecondabdominal sternum.
hind wing absent; mesosternum with anterior
Abdomen. Intersegmental suture of abdominal medial tubercle, xyphus swollen; metasternum
sterna2-3terminatingdorsoanteriorly;sternum2 convex, concave posteriorly to receive dorsal
simplemedially;sternum3 mediallywithapexof subbasal surface of adpressed third abdominal
spinereaching mesosternum. sternalspine,posteriormarginnotproducedover
Legs. Fore femora on subapical, anteriormargin second abdominal sternum.
ofinferiorsurfaceunarmed;hind femoraofmale Abdomen. Intersegmental suture of abdominal
slenderwhencomparedtomid and hind femora, sterna2-3terminatingdorsoanteriorly;sternum2
subapical inferiorsurfaceunarmed. mediallysimple;sternum3mediallywithapexof
Female Genitalia. Sclerotised rami absent; spine reachingmesosternum.
spermathecal bulb spherical in profile, sperm- Legs. Fore femoraon subapical, anteriormargin
athecal duct below proximal flange usually ofinferiorsurfaceunarmed;hindfemoraofmale
slender, with lateral duct leading to a sac-like slenderwhen comparedtomidandhind femora,
expansion (Fig. 6A). subapical inferiorsurfaceunarmed.
Male Genitalia. Pygophore, external opening Female Genitalia. Sclerotised rami usually
posteriorinposition; aedeagus, vesica forminga absent (present in L.rosea); spermathecal bulb
sclerotised tube ofvariable profile; conjunctiva usually spherical in profile (non-spherical in L.
with:onepairofsmalldorsolateraldistalprocesses; macu/ifera); spermathecal duct below proximal
one pair of lightly sclerotised lateroproximal flange slender, with lateral duct leadingto a sac-
processes; onepairoflarge, membranous latero- likeexpansion(seeKumar, 1969: figs 82, 83, 84).
distal processes; one pair of lightly sclerotised Male genitalia. Pygophore, external opening
ventrolateral proximal processes (Fig. 7H). posteriorin position; aedeagus, vesicaforminga
GFNFRA OF ONCOMERINAE
115
l-Iti. 4. A,B, Adults, dorsal view; A,Pieeastemtimsuhnlamm ( Iluinberg); B. Xensulicupcclisiris{Brcddin).C,
I'lLzoslcnutm subulutuni, head, dorsal view. D, Tanwlia sp., right hindwing. dorsal view. r..F. left hindleg,
ventral view; E, Oncomeris sp.; F. PltSlhettesclilaiatits(Montrou/ier). Abbreviations; Be, basal cell, Cti, vein
Cu;Hi.hindtibia;.1.juguni;R+M,veinsRandM;T,tooth.Scalebars:A=5.33mm,B=5.00mm,C=0.78mm.D
= 2.40mm. E = 3,42mm. r = 3.70mm.
;
316 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM
sclerotisedtube ofvariableprofile. Conjunctiva: DIAGNOSIS. Abdominal sternamedially longi-
usually lacking one pair of basally medially tudinallybicarinate(particuMlarlytowardsabdominal
fused,apicallybifurcate,sclerotiseddorsomedial apex) (flatin females of sulciventris).
distal process (present in L. brongersmai (Fig.
7D,E)andL. maculifera); usuallywithtwo pairs DESCRIPTION. Body length 17.5-24.5mm;
of variably sclerotised dorsolateral distal dorsal view (Fig. 2C).
processes(e.g. Fig. 7C,D,E) (one pairpresent in Head. Wider than long; antennae 5-segmented,
L. impai;L. sororandL. edulis(Fig. 7A,B));one apex reaching hemelytral membrane; jugae
pair ofusually basally bifurcate, at least lightly contiguous medially anterior to tylus; rostral
sclerotised, lateroproximal processes present apex reaching mesosternum.
(e.g. Fig. 7C) (one arm ofeach process situated Thorax. Posteriorpronotalmarginterminatingat
ventrolaterally, distally in L edulis [Fig. 7A.B]) scutellarbase;scutellumaswideaslongtolonger
(processes uniramous in L. brongersmai (Fig. than wide, apex reaching abdominal tergum 4;
7D) andL. maculifera). hamus ofhind wing absent (M sulciventris) or
present (M. antennatus); mesosternum lacking
INCLUDED SPECIES. Subgenus Diploxiphus; anterior medial carina or tubercle, xyphus fiat,
L. brongersmai Blote, 1952, *6 9, 6 9; L. broad; metasternum swollen, posterior margin
horvathi Blote, 1952, *6 ?;L. maculiferTryon, not producedoversecondabdominal sternum.
1892, 6 9; Subgenus Lyramorpha; L. rosea Abdomen. Intersegmental suture of abdominal
Westwood, 1837a, *6 6 9; SubgenusLyrodes;
, sterna2-3terminatingdorsoanteriorly;sternum2
L. ambigua Horvath, 1900a, 5; L. basalis medially simple; sternum 3 medially with
Horvath, 1900b,*9;L. hreddiniHorvath, 1900a.
anteriortubercle.
6 9; L. diluta Stal, 1863, 69; L. edulis Blote,
p11a99r50e20n,as,*B66r9e9d,;d6iLn9.,;p1Li9.c0t0ai,mD6pias9rta;HnLot.r,pvea1rt8shi9m,3i;l1i9Ls.00Hpaol,ravg6aitf;heL.,r osLlefgeisnn,dfeefrroiwroerhesfunermfcoaorcmeapuoannraersdumbetaodp;micihadiln,adnafdnethmerioinrodarfomefammroagrliaen,
Blote, 1952, *6 9;L. sororBreddin, 1900, 6 9 subapical inferiorsurface bearing atubercle.
L. vollenhoveniStal, 1867, cT 9;Incertaesedis;L. Female Genitalia. Sclerotised rami present (M.
perelegans Vollenhoven, 1868, *6 9, 6 9. sulciventris) or absent (M. antennatus);
spermathecal bulb non-spherical in profile,
DISTRIBUTION. Australia (Qld, NSW); New spermathecal duct below the proximal flange
Guinea (including Fakfak and Yule Islands); usuallyslender,withlateralductleadingtoasac-1ike
Moluccas (Am, Bachan, Halmahera, Morotai, expansion (see Kumar, 1969: figs 80, 81).
Waigeo and Salawati Islands); Sulawesi; Malay Male Genitalia. Pygophore: external opening
Peninsula (West Malaysia). Australian records posteriorinposition; aedeagus: vesicaforminga
from Victoria and South Australia require sclerotisedtube ofvariable profile; conjunctiva:
confirmation. M. sulciventris: one pair of very large mem-
BIOLOGY. The biology of L. rosea is briefly bmerdainaolulsydfoorrsomparjooxriimtaylofprolecnegstshe,se(alcathteprrofcuessesd
discussedbyKumar(1969).Foodplants:L. rosea with ventrally-directed lobe); one pairofmostly
on: Cupaniopsisanacardioides(A.Rich.)Radlk. sclerotised, apically-bifurcate, membranous,
((lKaubmealr,dat1a9)6;9)s;hoAoltesctroyfonGueixocaelssuemmlGgalearutcna. dorsomedial distal processes (see Kumar, 196M9:
figs 25, 26, 27, here refigured [Fig. 7I,Jj);
(F.Muell.) Radlk. (this paper); Litchi sp. (label antennatus: one pair of long, sclerotised
data). All plants belong to the Sapindales: dorsolateral distal processes; one pair oflightly
Sapindaceae.
sclerotised lateroproximal processes (Fig. 8A)
REMARKS. The abdominal disc is often (see also Kumar, 1969: fig. 29).
suffused with metallic blue, green and purple INCLUDED SPECIES. M. antennatus Distant,
colours. 1880, 6 9;M. sulciventris Stal, 1863, 69.
Musgraveia Leston& Scudder, 1957 DISTRIBUTION. Papua New Guinea (Mabu
Duan); Australia (Qld, NSW, as far south as
MusgraveaMcDonald, 1966: 59(incorrectsubsequentspell- Wollongong).
ing).
BIOLOGY. The biology ofM. sulciventris has
TYPESPECIES.Musgraveiasulciventris(Stal, 1863). been well studied as it is aminor economic pest