* THE QUEST FOR FAITH IN AN AGE OF CREDULIT A Far Glory The Quest Faith an for in ge Credulity of AS RY ASHU. Peter L. Berger JACKSON COUNTY LIBRARY SYSTEM MEDFORD, ORECON 97501 «P THE FREE PRESS A Division ofMacmillan, Inc. NEW YORK Maxwell Macmillan Canada TORONTO Maxwell Macmillan International NEW YORK OXFORD SINGAPORE s\DM ^ Copyright© 1992byPeterL. Berger Allrightsreserved. No partofthisbookmaybe reproduced ortransmittedinanyformorbyanymeans, electronicor mechanical, includingphotocopying, recording, orby anyinformationstorageand retrieval system, withoutpermissioninwriting from thePublisher. TheFreePress ADivisionofMacmillan, Inc. 866ThirdAvenue, NewYork, N. Y. 10022 Maxwell Macmillan Canada, Inc. 1200 Eglinton AvenueEast Suite200 Don Mills, OntarioM3C3N1 Macmillan, Inc. is partoftheMaxwellCommunication GroupofCompanies. Printed in theUnited StatesofAmerica printingnumber 123456789 10 Library ofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Berger, PeterL. Afarglory : thequest forfaithinanageofcredulity/PeterL. Berger. p. cm. Includesbibliographicalreferences. ISBN0-02-902930-9 1. Faith. 2. Sociology, Christian. 3. Christianityandculture. I. Title. BV4637.B38 1992 234'.2—dc20 92-24946 CIP For Diya, whose smile renews the world Contents Prefatory Note ix Parti The Social Context of Belief Prologue: Amid Different Follies 3 1. Secularization and Pluralism 25 2. Religion and Cultural Conflict in America Today 47 3. The West and the Challenge of Cultural Pluralism 63 Part II Believers and Belief 4. The Solitary Believer 81 Excursus: Robert Musil and the Salvage of the Self 105 5. The Act of Belief L23 6. The One Who Is Believed 145 viii Contents Part III The Consequences ofBelieving 7. The Problem of Ecclesial Belonging 169 8. The Problem of Moral Action 191 Epilogue: The Burden of Silence 213 Preratory Note Theology, at least for me, seems to be like a disease that lies dormant for years and then breaks out again at more or less regular intervals. This book contin- ues themes that I tried to deal with earlier in my books A Rumor of Angels (1969) and The Heretical Imperative (1979). I leave it to the reader to judge whether there has been any interesting progress in what I have to say on these matters. The impetus for writing this book came with an in- vitation to deliver the William Belden Noble Lectures at Harvard University for the academic year 1991/92. Chapters 4 through 6 contain the text of these lectures. After finishing these, which constitute the core o\ the argument, I decided to write the rest of the book around them, so to speak. I want to thank Peter Gomes, min- ister of Memorial Church at Harvard, who issued the invitation. He is, of course, quite innocent of the du- bious literary consequences of his generous gesture. Two chapters have previously appeared in print as articles, more or less in their present form. I he i\ x Prefatory Note prologue was published under the title "Worldly Wis- dom, Christian Foolishness" in First Things, August- September 1990. The excursus was published in the fiftieth anniversary issue of Partisan Review, volume 51, 1984. Permission to use them here is gratefully acknowledged. This book, like everything else I have written over the last three decades, could not have been written without the critical support ofBrigitte Berger (the adjec- tive carries both its conventional meanings). Parti The Context Social of Belief Prologue: Amid Different Follies The focus of the following reflections is a passage from the first chapter of Paul's First Letter to the Corinthians: For the word of the cross is folly to those who are perishing, but to us who are being saved it is the power of God. For it is written [the reference is to Isaiah 29], "I will destroy the wisdom of the wise, and the cleverness of the clever I will thwart." Where is the wise man? Where is the scribe? Where is the debater of this age? Has not God made fool-