A Cultural History of Democracy in the Renaissance

289 Pages·2022·8.696 MB·English

by  Virginia Cox, Joanne Paul

A CULTURAL HISTORY OF
DEMOCRACY
VOLUME 3
A Cultural History of Democracy
General Editor: Eugenio F. Biagini
Volume 1
A Cultural History of Democracy in Antiquity
Edited by Paul Cartledge and Carol Atack
Volume 2
A Cultural History of Democracy in the Medieval Age
Edited by David Napolitano and Kenneth J. Pennington
Volume 3
A Cultural History of Democracy in the Renaissance
Edited by Virginia Cox and Joanne Paul
Volume 4
A Cultural History of Democracy in the Age of Enlightenment
Edited by Michael Mosher and Anna Plassart
Volume 5
A Cultural History of Democracy in the Age of Empire
Edited by Tom Brooking and Todd M. Thompson
Volume 6
A Cultural History of Democracy in the Modern Age
Edited by Eugenio F. Biagini and Gary Gerstle
A CULTURAL HISTORY OF
DEMOCRACY
IN THE
RENAISSANCE
VOLUME 3
Edited by
Virginia Cox and Joanne Paul
9781350042810_txt_print.indd 3 25-02-2021 21:33:31
BLOOMSBURY ACADEMIC
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BLOOMSBURY, BLOOMSBURY ACADEMIC and the Diana logo
are trademarks of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc
First published in Great Britain 2021
Copyright © Virginia Cox, Joanne Paul, and contributors, 2021
Virginia Cox, Joanne Paul, and contributors have asserted their right under the Copyright,
Designs and Patents Act, 1988, to be identified as the Authors of this work.
Series design by Raven Design
Cover image: Portrait of a Halberdier, Pontormo (Jacopo Carucci), Italy, 1529-30,
oil on panel transferred to canvas, 95.3 x 73 cm. Digital image courtesy of Getty’s
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ISBN: HB: 978-1-3500-4281-0
HB Set: 978-1-3500-4293-3
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CONTENTS
List of iLLustrations vii
GeneraL editor’s Preface xi
Introduction
Virginia Cox and Joanne Paul 1
1 Sovereignty
Daniel Lee 23
2 Liberty and the Rule of Law
Peter Stacey 41
3 The Common Good
Simone Maghenzani 63
4 Economic and Social Democracy
Anna K. Becker 83
5 Religion and the Principles of Political Obligation
Ethan H. Shagan 101
6 Citizenship and Gender
Virginia Cox 117
7 Human Diversity and Democracy in the Renaissance
Peter Stamatov 141
vi CONTENTS
8 Democratic Crises, Revolutions, and Civil Resistance
David Ragazzoni 159
9 International Relations
Kurosh Meshkat 183
10 Beyond the Polis
Kirsty Rolfe 201
notes 217
references 223
notes on contributors 258
index 260
ILLUSTRATIONS
Cover This portrait, by the Florentine artist Jacopo Pontormo, has been
image identified as a depiction of a young Florentine patrician, Francesco
Guardi, dressed in the uniform of the citizen militia defending the
last Florentine republic (1527–30) against an imperial army
0.1 Early eighteenth-century engraving representing the Five Nation
(or Iroquois) Confederacy, mirroring representations of
European deliberative bodies 5
0.2 The king of Aragon enthroned, with the Catalan Parliament.
Frontispiece to a printed edition of the Constituciones Catalanas
(Catalan Constitution) of 1495 6
0.3 Queen Elizabeth (1533–1603) at the Opening of Parliament,
by Robert Glover (1544–88) 9
0.4 Detail of Gentile Bellini’s 1496 painting Procession in St. Mark’s
Square, showing members of the Scuola Grande di San Giovanni
Evangelista (literally, The Great School of St. John the Evangelist)
carrying a reliquary with a miracle-working fragment of the
True Cross 10
0.5 Domenico Ghirlandaio’s decorations for the Sala dei Gigli
(Room of the Lilies) in Palazzo Vecchio, Florence 16
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viii ILLUSTRATIONS
1.1 The façade of Antwerp town hall, built mid-sixteenth century 26
3.1 Ambrogio Lorenzetti, Allegory of Good Government, 1338–9,
Siena, Palazzo Pubblico (Sala dei Nove) 64
3.2 Representation of the Great Seal of the Commonwealth
of England, showing Parliament in session, 1651 69
3.3 Seal of Massachusetts Bay Colony, 1629 75
4.1 Copy by Rowland Lockey, dating to 1592, of a group portrait
by Hans Holbein of the family of the humanist Sir Thomas More,
painted in 1527 (and destroyed by a fire in 1752) 84
4.2 Isaac Oliver, The Browne Brothers with an Unknown Man, 1598.
Oliver’s miniature portrait portrays Anthony-Maria Brown, second
Viscount Montagu, with his younger brothers, John and
William, standing under a motto, Figurae conformis affectus 93
4.3 This painting, dating to 1563, by an unidentified artist, depicts
the family of Pierre de Moucheron and his wife Isabeau de Gerbier 98
4.4 Diebold Schilling the Younger, Swiss Mercenaries Crossing the
Alps, from the Lucerne Chronicle, 1513 99
6.1 Titian (Tiziano Vecellio) and workshop, The Vendramin Family
Venerating a Relic of the True Cross, early 1540s, oil on canvas.
London, National Gallery 120
6.2 Four of the Nine Heroines (neuf preuses), as represented in a
fresco cycle by an anonymous artist dating to around 1420,
in the Castello della Manta, near Saluzzo in Piedmont 124
6.3 Andrea del Castagno, Queen Tomyris, c. 1450, from a cycle of
nine Famous Men and Women painted for the Villa Carducci
in Legnaia, near Florence 125
6.4 Ercole de’ Roberti, Brutus and Portia, c. 1486–90 128
6.5 Hans Eworth, Elizabeth I and the Three Goddesses, 1569 129
6.6 Matteo Pagani, La piu bella e piu favorite donna del gran Turcho,
dita la Rossa, 1540–50 131
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ILLUSTRATIONS ix
6.7 Matteo Pagani, Sulimano Imperator de’ Turchi, 1540–50 132
7.1 “El Corregidor convida a gente baja” (The Corregidor [title of a
Spanish colonial magistrate] hosts a meal for low people).
Illustration from the chronicle of Felipe Guamán Poma de Ayala,
Nueva corónica y buen gobierno (New Chronicle and Good
Government) (1615) 146
7.2 “A wonderful Indian woman of Cumaná,” woodcut from
Girolamo Benzoni, Historia del mondo nuovo (History of the
New World) (1565) 147
7.3 “Pole” from Cesare Vecellio’s costume book On the Ancient and
Modern Customs of Various Parts of the World, 1590 152
7.4 “Married Englishwoman” from Cesare Vecellio’s costume book
On the Ancient and Modern Customs of Various Parts of the
World, 1590 153
8.1 Palazzo della Signoria (and its Tower) today 164
8.2 Francesco and Raffaello Petrini, La Veduta della Catena (detail) 165
8.3 Ambrogio Lorenzetti, Allegory of Bad Government, 1338–9 166
8.4 Frontispiece of Thomas Hobbes, Leviathan (1651), etched by
Parisian artist Abraham Bosse with creative input from Hobbes
himself 169
8.5 Frontispiece of A Sacred Decretall (1645) 177
8.6 Woodcut frontispiece for a 1646 edition of the English ballad
“The World Turned Upside Down” 178
9.1 Buddha offers fruit to the devil, Compendium of Chronicles,
Khalili Collection, MSS727, c. 1314 185
9.2 King (Alexander) with an astrologer and a physician.
Pseudo-Aristotle, Secretum Secretorum, translated by Philip
of Tripoli, 1326–7 192
9.3 Macrocosm and Microcosm from Tobias Schutz, Harmonia
macrocosmi cum microcosmi (1654) 193
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