A Critical Political Economy of the Middle East and North Africa PDF
Preview A Critical Political Economy of the Middle East and North Africa
A Cr itiCA l PolitiCA l EConom y of thE middlE E Ast A nd north A fr iCA Stanford Studies in Middle Eastern and Islamic Societies and Cultures A Critical Political Economy of the Middle East and North Africa Edited by Joel Beinin, Bassam Haddad, and Sherene Seikaly Stanford University Press stanford, California Stanford University Press Stanford, California ©2021 by the Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University. All rights reserved. “Ten Propositions on Oil” ©2021 by Timothy Mitchell. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system without the prior written permission of Stanford University Press. Printed in the United States of America on acid-free, archival-quality paper Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Beinin, Joel, 1948– editor. | Haddad, Bassam, editor. | Seikaly, Sherene, 1971– editor. Title: A critical political economy of the Middle East and North Africa / Joel Beinin, Bassam Haddad, and Sherene Seikaly. Other titles: Stanford studies in Middle Eastern and Islamic societies and cultures. Description: Stanford, California : Stanford University Press, 2021. | Series: Stanford studies in Middle Eastern and Islamic societies and cultures | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2020025580 (print) | LCCN 2020025581 (ebook) | ISBN 9781503613836 (cloth) | ISBN 9781503614475 (paperback) | ISBN 9781503614482 (epub) Subjects: LCSH: Middle East—Economic conditions. | Africa, North— Economic conditions. | Middle East—Economic policy. | Africa, North—Economic policy. Classification: LCC HC415.15 .C756 2021 (print) | LCC HC415.15 (ebook) | DDC 330.956—dc23 LC record available at https:// lccn .loc .gov/ 2020025580 LC ebook record available at https:// lccn .loc .gov/ 2020025581 Cover design: Christian Fuenfhausen Typeset by Newgen in 10.5/14.4 Brill Contents list of Contributors vii Introduction 1 Joel Beinin PArt 1. CAtEgoriEs of ANAlysis 1 Landed Property, Capital Accumulation, and Polymorphous Capitalism: Egypt and the Levant 25 Kristen Alff 2 State, Market, and Class: Egypt, Syria, and Tunisia 46 max Ajl, Bassam haddad, and Zeinab Abul-magd 3 Ten Propositions on Oil 68 timothy mitchell 4 Regional Militaries and the Global Military-Industrial Complex 85 shana marshall PArt 2. CouNtry/rEgioNAl studiEs 5 Rethinking Class and State in the Gulf Cooperation Council 105 Adam hanieh 6 Capitalism in Egypt, Not Egyptian Capitalism 123 Aaron Jakes and Ahmad shokr 7 State, Oil, and War in the Formation of Iraq 143 nida Alahmad vi Contents 8 C olonial Capitalism and Imperial Myth in French North Africa 161 muriam haleh davis 9 L ebanon Beyond Exceptionalism 179 Ziad m. Abu-rish 10 The US-Israeli Alliance 196 Joel Beinin 11 Repercussions of Colonialism in the Occupied Palestinian Territories 215 samia Al-Botmeh notes 237 selected readings 305 index 321 Contributors Joel Beinin is the Donald J. McLachlan Professor of History and professor of Middle East history, Emeritus, at Stanford University. He has written and coedited twelve books, most recently, Workers and thieves: labor movements and Popular Uprisings in tunisia and Egypt. In 2001-2 he served as president of the Middle East Studies Association of North America (MESA). Bassam Haddad is the director of the Middle East and Islamic Studies Pro- gram and an associate professor at the Schar School of Policy and Government at George Mason University. He is the author of Business networks in syria: the Political Economy of Authoritarian resilience, and coeditor/founder of Jadaliyya e-zine. Bassam received MESA’s Jere L. Bacharach Service Award in 2017 for his service to the profession and as executive director of the Arab Studies Institute. He is the founder of the Middle East Studies Pedagogy Project, MESPI .org. Sherene Seikaly is an associate professor of history at the University of California, Santa Barbara. Seikaly’s men of Capital: scarcity and Economy in mandate Palestine explores how Palestinian capitalists and British colonial officials used economy to shape territory, nationalism, the home, and the body. Her next book project, from Baltimore to Beirut: on the Question of Palestine, follows the trajectory of a peripatetic medical doctor to place Palestine in a vii viii Contributors global history of race, capital, slavery, and dispossession. She is the coeditor of Journal of Palestine studies and cofounder and coeditor of Jadaliyya e-zine. Zeinab Abul-Magd is a professor of Middle Eastern history at Oberlin College. She is the author of militarizing the nation: the Army, Business, and revolution in Egypt and imagined Empires: A history of revolt in Egypt. She earned her PhD in economic history at Georgetown University and BA in political science at Cairo University. Ziad Abu-Rish is Co-Director of the MA Program in Human Rights and the Arts and Visiting Associate Professor of Human Rights at Bard College. In 2020–21 he was the American Druze Foundation Fellow in the Center for Contemporary Arab Studies at Georgetown University. He serves as Co-Editor of Arab studies Journal and Jadaliyya. Max Ajl is a post-doctoral researcher at Wageningen University and an associated researcher with the Tunisian Observatory for Food Sovereignty and the Environment. His articles have appeared in the Journal of Peasant studies and review of African Political Economy. He writes on national liberation and postcolonial development in the Arab region. Nida Alahmad is a lecturer at the University of Edinburgh’s Politics and International Relations department. She is currently completing a book manu- script with the tentative title state matters: theorizing the state and its Experts through the iraqi Experience. Kristen Alff is an assistant professor of history and international studies at North Carolina State University. Her work focuses on business history, the history of capitalism, gender, and agrarian history of the Levant between the late Ottoman and early Mandate periods. Kristen’s book manuscript in prog- ress is a global history of capital and property in Palestine. Samia Al-Botmeh is an assistant professor of economics at Birzeit Uni- versity. Her areas of interest include gender economics and political economy of development with a special focus on Palestine. Contributors ix Muriam Haleh Davis is an assistant professor of history at the University of California, Santa Cruz. Her current book project investigates how colonial ideas of Islam underpinned the construction of economic planning initiatives in Algeria, from the liberal capitalist system envisioned by French planners to the socialist policies introduced by the independent Algerian state. She has articles in Journal of modern history and Journal of European integration, and she recently coedited an edited volume entitled north Africa and the making of Europe: Governance, institutions and Culture. Adam Hanieh is a reader in development studies at SOAS, University of Lon- don. His research focuses on the political economy of class and state formation, with a geographical emphasis on the Middle East. He is the author of three books, most recently money, markets, and monarchies: the Gulf Cooperation Council and Political Economy of the Contemporary middle East, which was awarded the 2019 International Political Economy Group (IPEG) Book Prize of the British International Studies Association and the 2019 Middle East Political Economy Project Book Prize by the Arab Studies Institute. Aaron G. Jakes is an assistant professor of history at the New School, where he teaches on the modern Middle East and South Asia, comparative studies of colonialism and imperialism, global environmental history, and the historical geography of capitalism. He is the author of Egypt’s occupation: Colonial Economism and the Crises of Capitalism. Shana Marshall is the associate director of the Institute for Middle East Studies at George Washington University. She earned her PhD in international relations and comparative politics of the Middle East at the University of Maryland–College Park in 2012. Her research focuses on the political economy of militaries in Egypt, Jordan, and the UAE, and has appeared in middle East report (mEriP), international Journal of middle East studies, Jadaliyya, and the Carnegie Middle East Center. Timothy Mitchell is the Ransford Professor of Middle Eastern Studies at Columbia University. He teaches and writes about the politics of the Arab world, the making of economic ideas and other forms of expert knowledge,
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