A Companion to the U.S. Civil War, 2 Volume Set

1202 Pages·2014·3.312 MB·English

by  Aaron Sheehan-Dean

A Companion to the U.S. Civil War
WILEY BLACKWELL COMPANIONS TO AMERICAN
HISTORY
This series provides essential and authoritative overviews of the scholarship that has shaped our
present understanding of the American past. Edited by eminent historians, each volume tackles one of
the major periods or themes of American history, with individual topics authored by key scholars who
have spent considerable time in research on the questions and controversies that have sparked debate
in their field of interest. The volumes are accessible for the non-specialist, while also engaging scholars
seeking a reference to the historiography or future concerns.
Published: A Companion to American Technology
A Companion to the American Revolution Edited by Carroll Pursell
Edited by Jack P. Greene and J. R. Pole A Companion to African-American History
A Companion to 19th-Century America Edited by Alton Hornsby
Edited by William L. Barney A Companion to American Immigration
A Companion to the American South Edited by Reed Ueda
Edited by John B. Boles A Companion to American Cultural History
A Companion to American Women’s History Edited by Karen Halttunen
Edited by Nancy Hewitt A Companion to California History
A Companion to American Indian History Edited by William Deverell and David Igler
Edited by Philip J. Deloria and Neal Salisbury A Companion to American Military History
A Companion to Post-1945 America Edited by James Bradford
Edited by Jean-Christophe Agnew A Companion to Los Angeles
and Roy Rosenzweig Edited by William Deverell and Greg Hise
A Companion to the Vietnam War A Companion to American Environmental History
Edited by Marilyn Young and Robert Buzzanco Edited by Douglas Cazaux Sackman
A Companion to Colonial America A Companion to Benjamin Franklin
Edited by Daniel Vickers Edited by David Waldstreicher
A Companion to American Foreign Relations A Companion to World War Two (2 volumes)
Edited by Robert Schulzinger Edited by Thomas W. Zeiler with Daniel M. DuBois
A Companion to 20th-Century America A Companion to American Legal History
Edited by Stephen J. Whitfield Edited by Sally E. Hadden and Alfred L. Brophy
A Companion to the American West A Companion to John Adams and John Quincy Adams
Edited by William Deverell Edited by David Waldstreicher
A Companion to the Civil War and Reconstruction A Companion to the U.S. Civil War (2 volumes)
Edited by Lacy K. Ford Edited by Aaron Sheehan-Dean
In preparation: A Companion to the Meuse-Argonne Campaign, 1918
A Companion to American Sports History Edited by Edward G. Lengel
Edited by Steven Riess
A Companion to Custer and the Little Big Horn
Campaign
Edited by Brad D. Lookingbill
PRESIDENTIAL COMPANIONS A Companion to George Washington
Published: Edited by Edward G. Lengel
A Companion to Franklin D. Roosevelt A Companion to Andrew Jackson
Edited by William Pederson Edited by Sean Patrick Adams
A Companion to Richard M. Nixon A Companion to Woodrow Wilson
Edited by Melvin Small Edited by Ross A. Kennedy
A Companion to Theodore Roosevelt A Companion to James Madison and James Monroe
Edited by Serge Ricard Edited by Stuart Leibiger
A Companion to Thomas Jefferson A Companion to Harry S. Truman
Edited by Francis D. Cogliano Edited by Daniel S. Margolies
A Companion to Lyndon B. Johnson
Edited by Mitchell Lerner
In preparation: A Companion to the Reconstruction Presidents, 1865–81
A Companion to Abraham Lincoln Edited by Edward Frantz
Edited by Michael Green A Companion to Gerald R. Ford & Jimmy Carter
A Companion to Dwight D. Eisenhower Edited by V. Scott Kaufman
Edited by Chester J. Pach A Companion to Warren G. Harding, Calvin Coolidge,
A Companion to Ronald Reagan and Herbert Hoover
Edited by Andrew L. Johns Edited by Katherine A. S. Sibley
A Companion to the Antebellum Presidents, 1837–61 A Companion to John F. Kennedy
Edited by Joel Silbey Edited by Marc Selverstone

This edition first published 2014
© 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Registered Office
John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK
Editorial Offices
350 Main Street, Malden, MA 02148–5020, USA
9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, OX4 2DQ, UK
The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK
For details of our global editorial offices, for customer services, and for information about how
to apply for permission to reuse the copyright material in this book please see our website at
www.wiley.com/wiley-blackwell.
The right of Aaron Sheehan-Dean to be identified as the author of the editorial material in this work
has been asserted in accordance with the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or
otherwise, except as permitted by the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, without the
prior permission of the publisher.
Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print
may not be available in electronic books.
Designations used by companies to distinguish their products are often claimed as trademarks.
All brand names and product names used in this book are trade names, service marks, trademarks
or registered trademarks of their respective owners. The publisher is not associated with any product
or vendor mentioned in this book.
Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: While the publisher and authors have used their best
efforts in preparing this book, they make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy
or completeness of the contents of this book and specifically disclaim any implied warranties of
merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. It is sold on the understanding that the publisher is
not engaged in rendering professional services and neither the publisher nor the author shall be liable
for damages arising herefrom. If professional advice or other expert assistance is required, the services
of a competent professional should be sought.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
A companion to the U.S. Civil War / edited by Aaron Sheehan-Dean.
volumes cm. – (Wiley Blackwell companions to American history ; 77)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-4443-5131-6 (hardback)
1. United States–History–Civil War, 1861–1865. I. Sheehan-Dean, Aaron Charles, editor of
compilation.
E468.C73 2014
973.7–dc23
2013046763
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
Cover image: Volume 1: The Fall of Richmond, 1865, lithograph by Currier & Ives. Library of
Congress, Prints and Photographs Collection. Volume 2: Sergeant Alex Rogers with Battle Flag,
Eighty-third Pennsylvania Volunteers, Third Brigade, First Division, Fifth Corps, Army of the
Potomac, albumen silver print from glass, c. 1863. Metropolitan Museum of Art, Purchase, Alfred
Stieglitz Society Gifts, 2013 (2013.50).© 2013. Image copyright The Metropolitan Museum of
Art / Art Resource / Scala, Florence
Cover design by Richard Boxall Design Associates
Set in 11/13pt Galliard by SPi Publisher Services, Pondicherry, India
1 2014
Contents
volume I
Notes on Contributors x
Preface xviii
Acknowledgments xxiii
Part I Campaigns and Battles 1
1 Virginia 1861 3
Clayton R. Newell
2 Missouri 19
Jeffrey Patrick
3 Mississippi Valley Campaign 41
Barbara A. Gannon
4 1862 Shenandoah Valley Campaign 56
Jonathan A. Noyalas
5 Logistics 74
Brian Holden Reid
6 Peninsula Campaign 95
Timothy J. Orr
7 Soldiers 114
Lorien Foote
8 Kentucky 132
Aaron Astor
9 Guerrillas 154
Barton A. Myers
vi contents
10 Maryland Campaign of 1862 178
Benjamin Franklin Cooling
11 Battle of Antietam 195
D. Scott Hartwig
12 Civil War Tactics 211
Jennifer M. Murray
13 Battle of Fredericksburg 231
Mark A. Snell
14 Blockading Campaigns 240
Samuel Negus
15 Chancellorsville Campaign 262
Christian B. Keller
16 Battle of Gettysburg 280
Carol Reardon
17 African-American Soldiering 297
Andre M. Fleche
18 Vicksburg Campaign 316
Steven Nathaniel Dossman
19 Occupation 328
Jacqueline Glass Campbell
20 Arkansas 338
Buck T. Foster
21 Indian America 365
Megan Kate Nelson
22 Naval Development and Warfare 386
Kurt Henry Hackemer
23 Battles of Chickamauga and Chattanooga 410
Keith S. Bohannon
24 Atlanta Campaign 428
Robert L. Glaze
25 Georgia and Carolinas Campaigns 444
Anne Sarah Rubin
26 Prisons 456
James Gillispie
27 1864 Shenandoah Valley Campaign 476
Scott C. Patchan
28 Overland Campaign, 1864 492
Mark Grimsley
contents vii
29 Louisiana and Texas Campaigns 501
Bradley R. Clampitt
30 Petersburg Campaign 521
Brian Matthew Jordan
31 Technology and War 540
Andrew S. Bledsoe
32 War and Environment 561
Kathryn Shively Meier
33 Appomattox Campaign 573
Bradley A. Wineman
34 Medicine and Health Care 590
Michael A. Flannery
35 Civil War Veterans 608
James Marten
volume II
Notes on Contributors x
Preface xviii
Acknowledgments xxiii
Part II Leaders 629
36 Ulysses S. Grant 631
James J. Broomall
37 Robert E. Lee 652
Elizabeth Brown Pryor
38 United States Generals 673
Wayne Wei-siang Hsieh
39 Abraham Lincoln 691
Brian Dirck
40 Jefferson Davis 710
Lynda Lasswell Crist
41 Frederick Douglass 724
L. Diane Barnes
Part III Politics, Society, and Culture 741
42 Civil War Diplomacy 743
Jay Sexton
43 Ethnicity 763
David T. Gleeson
viii contents
44 Women 779
Judith Giesberg
45 Manhood 795
Brian Craig Miller
46 Northern Politics 811
Adam I.P. Smith
47 Southern Politics 830
John M. Sacher
48 Northern Dissent 849
Matthew Warshauer
49 Southern Dissent 867
Margaret M. Storey
50 Northern Home Front 891
Robert M. Sandow
51 Southern Home Front 909
Aaron Sheehan-Dean
52 Abolitionists in the Civil War 927
Stanley Harrold
53 Slavery in the Civil War 949
Jaime Amanda Martinez
54 Emancipation 965
Yael A. Sternhell
55 Literature 987
Michael T. Bernath
56 Music 1003
Christian McWhirter
57 Religion 1021
Sean A. Scott
58 Constitution and Law 1035
Christian G. Samito
59 Nationalism 1056
Paul Quigley
60 Wartime Political Economy 1073
Sean Patrick Adams