A Companion to the Political Culture of the Roman Republic PDF
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A COMPANION TO THE POLITICAL CULTURE OF THE ROMAN REPUBLIC BLACKWELL COMPANIONS TO THE ANCIENT WORLD This series provides sophisticated and authoritative overviews of periods of ancient history, genres of classical literature, and the most important themes in ancient culture. Each volume comprises approximately twenty-five to forty concise essays written by individual scholars within their area of specialization. The essays are written in a clear, provocative, and lively manner, designed for an interna- tional audience of scholars, students, and general readers. Ancient History A Companion to Greco-Roman and Late Antique Egypt A Companion to the Roman Army Edited by Katelijn Vandorpe Edited by Paul Erdkamp A Companion to Ancient Agriculture A Companion to the Roman Republic Edited by David Hollander and Timothy Howe Edited by Nathan Rosenstein and Robert Morstein-Marx A Companion to North Africa in Antiquity A Companion to the Classical Greek World Edited by Bruce Hitchner Edited by Konrad H. Kinzl A Companion to the Achaemenid Persian Empire A Companion to the Ancient Near East Edited by Bruno Jacobs and Robert Rollinger Edited by Daniel C. Snell A Companion to the Hellenistic and Roman Near East A Companion to the Hellenistic World Edited by Ted Kaizer Edited by Andrew Erskine A Companion to Greek Warfare A Companion to Late Antiquity Edited by Waldemar Heckel, E. Edward Garvin, John Vanderspoel, Edited by Philip Rousseau and Fred Naiden A Companion to Ancient History LiterAture And cuLture Edited by Andrew Erskine A Companion to Greek and Roman Music A Companion to Archaic Greece Edited by Tosca Lynch and Eleonora Rocconi Edited by Kurt A. Raaflaub and Hans van Wees A Companion to Classical Receptions A Companion to Julius Caesar Edited by Lorna Hardwick and Christopher Stray Edited by Miriam Griffin A Companion to Greek and Roman Historiography A Companion to Byzantium Edited by John Marincola Edited by Liz James A Companion to Catullus A Companion to Ancient Egypt Edited by Marilyn B. Skinner Edited by Alan B. Lloyd A Companion to Roman Religion A Companion to Ancient Macedonia Edited by Jörg Rüpke Edited by Joseph Roisman and Ian Worthington A Companion to Greek Religion A Companion to the Punic Wars Edited by Daniel Ogden Edited by Dexter Hoyos A Companion to the Classical Tradition A Companion to Augustine Edited by Craig W. Kallendorf Edited by Mark Vessey A Companion to Roman Rhetoric A Companion to Marcus Aurelius Edited by William Dominik and Jon Hall Edited by Marcel van Ackeren A Companion to Greek Rhetoric A Companion to Ancient Greek Government Edited by Ian Worthington Edited by Hans Beck A Companion to Ancient Epic A Companion to the Neronian Age Edited by John Miles Foley Edited by Emma Buckley and Martin T. Dinter A Companion to Greek Tragedy A Companion to Greek Democracy and the Roman Republic Edited by Justina Gregory Edited by Dean Hammer A Companion to Latin Literature A Companion to Livy Edited by Stephen Harrison Edited by Bernard Mineo A Companion to Greek and Roman Political Thought A Companion to Ancient Thrace Edited by Ryan K. Balot Edited by Julia Valeva, Emil Nankov, and Denver Graninger A Companion to Ovid A Companion to Roman Italy Edited by Peter E. Knox Edited by Alison E. Cooley A Companion to the Ancient Greek Language A Companion to the Etruscans Edited by Egbert Bakker Edited by Sinclair Bell and Alexandra A. Carpino A Companion to Hellenistic Literature A Companion to the Flavian Age of Imperial Rome Edited by Martine Cuypers and James J. Clauss Edited by Andrew Zissos A Companion to Vergil’s Aeneid and its Tradition A Companion to Science, Technology, and Medicine in Ancient Edited by Joseph Farrell and Michael C. J. Putnam Greece and Rome A Companion to Horace Edited by Georgia L. Irby Edited by Gregson Davis A Companion to the City of Rome A Companion to Families in the Greek and Roman Worlds Edited by Amanda Claridge and Claire Holleran Edited by Beryl Rawson A Companion to Greeks Across the Ancient World A Companion to Greek Mythology Edited by Franco De Angelis Edited by Ken Dowden and Niall Livingstone A Companion to Late Ancient Jews and Judaism -Third Century A Companion to the Latin Language BCE - Seventh Century CE Edited by James Clackson Edited by Naomi Koltun-Fromm and Gwynn Kessler A Companion to Tacitus A Companion to the Archaeology of Early Greece and the Mediterranean Edited by Victoria Emma Pagán Edited by Irene S. Lemos and Antonios Kotsonas A Companion to Women in the Ancient World A Companion to Assyria Edited by Sharon L. James and Sheila Dillon Edited by Eckart Frahm A Companion to Sophocles A Companion to Sparta Edited by Kirk Ormand Edited by Anton Powell A Companion to the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East A Companion to Ancient Education Edited by Daniel Potts Edited by W. Martin Bloomer A Companion to Roman Love Elegy A Companion to Ancient Aesthetics Edited by Barbara K. Gold Edited by Pierre Destrée & Penelope Murray A Companion to Greek Art A Companion to Roman Art Edited by Tyler Jo Smith and Dimitris Plantzos Edited by Barbara Borg A Companion to Persius and Juvenal A Companion to Greek Literature Edited by Susanna Braund and Josiah Osgood Edited by Martin Hose and David Schenker A Companion to the Archaeology of the Roman Republic A Companion to Josephus in his World Edited by Jane DeRose Evans Edited by Honora Howell Chapman and Zuleika Rodgers A Companion to Terence A Companion to Greek Architecture Edited by Antony Augoustakis and Ariana Traill Edited by Margaret M. Miles A Companion to Roman Architecture A Companion to Plautus Edited by Roger B. Ulrich and Caroline K. Quenemoen Edited by Dorota Dutsch and George Fredric Franko A Companion to Sport and Spectacle in Greek and Roman Antiquity A Companion to Ancient Near Eastern Languages Edited by Paul Christesen and Donald G. Kyle Edited by Rebecca Hasselbach-Andee A Companion to Plutarch A Companion to Ancient Greece and Rome on Screen Edited by Mark Beck Edited by Arthur J. Pomeroy A Companion to Greek and Roman Sexualities A Companion to Euripedes Edited by Thomas K. Hubbard Edited by Laura K. McClure A Companion to the Ancient Novel A Companion to Ancient Near Eastern Art Edited by Edmund P. Cueva and Shannon N. Byrne Edited by Ann C. Gunter A Companion to Ethnicity in the Ancient Mediterranean A Companion to Ancient Epigram Edited by Jeremy McInerney Edited by Christer Henriksén A Companion to Ancient Egyptian Art A Companion to Late Antique Literature Edited by Melinda Hartwig Edited by Scott McGill and Edward Watts A Companion to the Archaeology of Religion in the Ancient World A Companion to Religion in Late Antiquity Edited by Rubina Raja and Jörg Rüpke Edited by Josef Lössl and Nicholas Baker-Brian A Companion to Food in the Ancient World A Companion to Aeschylus Edited by John Wilkins and Robin Nadeau Edited by Peter Burian A COMPANION TO THE POLITICAL CULTURE OF THE ROMAN REPUBLIC Edited by Valentina Arena University College London London, England Jonathan Prag University of Oxford Oxford, England with Assistant Editor Andrew Stiles This edition first published 2022 © 2022 John Wiley & Sons Ltd All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by law. Advice on how to obtain permission to reuse material from this title is available at http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions. The right of Valentina Arena and Jonathan Prag to be identified as the authors of the editorial material in this work has been asserted in accordance with law. Registered Offices John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK Editorial Office The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK For details of our global editorial offices, customer services, and more information about Wiley products visit us at www.wiley.com. Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats and by print-on-demand. Some content that appears in standard print versions of this book may not be available in other formats. Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty While the publisher and authors have used their best efforts in preparing this work, they make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this work and specifically disclaim all warranties, including without limitation any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by sales representatives, written sales materials or promotional statements for this work. The fact that an organization, website, or product is referred to in this work as a citation and/or potential source of further information does not mean that the publisher and authors endorse the information or services the organization, website, or product may provide or recommendations it may make. This work is sold with the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering professional services. The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for your situation. You should consult with a specialist where appropriate. Further, readers should be aware that websites listed in this work may have changed or disappeared between when this work was written and when it is read. Neither the publisher nor authors shall be liable for any loss of profit or any other commercial damages, including but not limited to special, incidental, consequential, or other damages. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Arena, Valentina, editor. | Prag, J. R. W. editor. Title: A companion to Roman political culture / edited by Valentina Arena, Jonathan Prag ; with assistant editor Andrew Stiles. Description: Hoboken, NJ : John Wiley & Sons, 2022. | Series: Blackwell companions to the ancient world | Includes bibliographical references and index. | Contents: Political culture : a career of a concept / Karl-Joachim Hölkeskamp -- Machiavelli’s Roman Republic / Ryan Balot and Nate Gilmore -- The Roman Republic and the English Republic / Rachel Foxley -- Liberty, rights, and virtue : the Roman Republic in eighteenth century France / Christopher Hamel -- A Roman revolution : classical republicanism in the creation of the American republic / Eran Shalev -- Theodor Mommsen’s history of Rome and its political and intellectual context / Stefan Rebenich -- The political culture of the Republic since Syme’s The Roman revolution : a story of a debate/ Alexander Yakobson -- Polybius and Roman political culture / Chiara Carsana -- Cicero : in and above the Republic’s political culture / Walter Nicgorski -- Sallust / Alison Rosenblitt -- Augustan republics : Livy, Dionysius of Halicarnassus, and the politics of the past / Andrew Gallia -- Plutarch’s evaluation of Roman politics and political figures / Mark Beck -- Appian, Cassius Dio, and the Roman Republic / John Rich -- The census / Guido Clemente -- Senate / Marianne Coudry -- Roman political assemblies / Tim Cornell -- Armies and political culture / Nathan Rosenstein -- Imperator and politician : the consul as the highest magistrate of the Republic / Francisco Pina Polo -- The tribunate of the plebs : between compromise and revolution / Amy Russell -- Priests / Jörg Rüpke -- Other magistrates, officials and apparitores / Eric Kondratieff -- The ciuis / Andrea Raggi -- Romans, Latins and allies / Edward Bispham -- Peregrini/nationes exterae : foreigners and the political culture of the Roman Republic / Lisa Eberle -- Republican elites : patricians, nobiles, senators, and equestrians / Hans Beck -- Matronae and politics in Republican Rome / Rohr -- On freedom and citizenship : freedmen as agents and metaphors of Roman political culture / Pedro López Barja -- Roman republican political culture : values and ideology / Robert Morstein-Marx -- From patronage to violence and bribery : towards a new political culture / Antonio Duplá -- The political culture of the plebs / Jerry Toner -- The law and the courts in Roman political culture / Jean-Michel David -- Rhetoric and Roman political culture / Catherine Steel -- Religion and rituals in Republican Rome / Francisco Marco Simón -- Myth and theatre / Uwe Walter -- Imagery and space / Peter J. Holliday -- The political culture of Rome in 218-212 BCE / Bernhard Linke -- Roman political culture in 169 BC / John A. North -- 133 BC. politics in a time of challenge and crisis / J. Lea Beness and Tom Hillard -- 88 BC / W. Jeffrey Tatum -- The year 52 BC / Egon Flaig. | Summary: “The decision to dedicate an entire volume to the study of the political culture of the Roman Republic reflects what is currently the most comprehensive approach to the subject traditionally labelled as Roman Republican politics (for a definition of the concept of ‘political culture’ and its history in the field of Roman studies see Hölkeskamp, ch. 1). This volume analyses the Roman political world through the wider lenses of ‘Roman political culture’, in full recognition that, alongside the working of the political and religious institutions and their related officers, a system of shared values, traditions, and communicative strategies played a fundamental role in the social and political life of Rome throughout the Republic. The subject has been at the centre of an intensely contested debate for centuries and Part 1 (supplemented by chapter 1) traces the modern history of this. Needless to say, the subject goes right back to contemporary discourse, beginning for us with Polybius, whose account perhaps already foreshadows some of the wider approaches now being advocated - and it is to the ancient accounts that Part 2 is dedicated. More recently, modern historians have broadly approached the study of the Republican political life of Rome following three main strands: first, the study of its legal system, its institutions, and rules and regulations; second, the investigation of the social interactions amongst the members of the elite (which, under the impetus of neo-Marxist approaches of the later 20th century, extended to a growing interest in their interactions with the wider Roman people and the latter’s socio-economic demands); and finally, the analysis of the ‘political grammar’, as Meier (1980) called it, which put an emphasis on shared beliefs, values, myths, traditions, and symbolic communication of the political system. Each of these approaches has yielded important results, which, however, taken separately, provide a somewhat fragmented view of Roman political world”-- Provided by publisher. Identifiers: LCCN 2021024437 (print) | LCCN 2021024438 (ebook) | ISBN 9781444339659 (hardback) | ISBN 9781119673712 (paperback) | ISBN 9781119673651 (pdf) | ISBN 9781119673590 (epub) | ISBN 9781119673675 (ebook) Subjects: LCSH: Political culture--Rome. | Republicanism--Rome. | Rome--Politics and government--265-30 B.C. Classification: LCC JC83 .C66 2022 (print) | LCC JC83 (ebook) | DDC 320.9456/32--dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021024437 LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021024438 Cover image: © Jonathan Prag Cover design by Wiley Set in 9.5/11.5 pt ITC Galliard Std by Integra Software Services Pvt. Ltd, Pondicherry, India 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 To the memory of Guido Clemente and Fergus Millar Contents Notes on Editors xiii Notes on Contributors xiv Abbreviations xx Introduction 1 Valentina Arena and Jonathan Prag 1 Political Culture: Career of a Concept 4 Karl-J. Hölkeskamp Part I Modern Reading 21 2 Machiavelli’s Roman Republic 25 Ryan K. Balot and Nathaniel K. Gilmore 3 The Roman Republic and the English Republic 40 Rachel Foxley 4 Liberty, Rights and Virtue: The Roman Republic in Eighteenth-Century France 52 Christopher Hamel 5 A Roman Revolution: Classical Republicanism in the Creation of the American Republic 68 Eran Shalev 6 Theodor Mommsen’s History of Rome and Its Political and Intellectual Context 81 Stefan Rebenich 7 The Political Culture of the Republic since Syme’s The Roman Revolution: A Story of a Debate 93 Alexander Yakobson Part II Ancient Interpreters 107 8 Polybius and Roman Political Culture 111 Chiara Carsana
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